全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10310篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 27篇 |
废物处理 | 794篇 |
环保管理 | 1369篇 |
综合类 | 1016篇 |
基础理论 | 3247篇 |
污染及防治 | 1885篇 |
评价与监测 | 1047篇 |
社会与环境 | 942篇 |
灾害及防治 | 6篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 1486篇 |
2017年 | 1384篇 |
2016年 | 1208篇 |
2015年 | 142篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 87篇 |
2012年 | 485篇 |
2011年 | 1372篇 |
2010年 | 712篇 |
2009年 | 613篇 |
2008年 | 912篇 |
2007年 | 1260篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 36篇 |
2004年 | 51篇 |
2003年 | 98篇 |
2002年 | 121篇 |
2001年 | 24篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 20篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1935年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 70 毫秒
941.
Itziar de Aranzabal María F. Schmitz Francisco D. Pineda 《Environmental management》2009,44(5):938-951
Tourism and landscape are interdependent concepts. Nature- and culture-based tourism are now quite well developed activities
and can constitute an excellent way of exploiting the natural resources of certain areas, and should therefore be considered
as key objectives in landscape planning and management in a growing number of countries. All of this calls for careful evaluation
of the effects of tourism on the territory. This article focuses on an integrated spatial method for landscape analysis aimed
at quantifying the relationship between preferences of visitors and landscape features. The spatial expression of the model
relating types of leisure and recreational preferences to the potential capacity of the landscape to meet them involves a
set of maps showing degrees of potential visitor satisfaction. The method constitutes a useful tool for the design of tourism
planning and management strategies, with landscape conservation as a reference. 相似文献
942.
Cambodian subsistence communities within the Tonle Sap Great Lake area rely on resource extraction from the lake to meet livelihood needs. These fishing communities—many of which consist of dwellings floating on the lake—face potentially profound livelihood challenges because of climate change and changing hydrology due to dam construction for hydroelectricity within the Mekong Basin. We conducted interviews across five village communities, with local subsistence fisher people in the Tonle Sap in 2015, and used thematic analysis methods to reveal a fishery system that is undergoing rapid ecological decline, with local fishing communities increasingly experiencing reductions in available fish stocks. As a result, over 100 000 people living in these communities are experiencing a direct loss of well-being and livelihood. We discuss these losses and consider their implications for the future viability of Cambodian floating village communities. 相似文献
943.
Maite Garcia-Valles Meritxell Aulinas Joan B. López-Melción Andreu Moya-Garra 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(7):1287-1299
Background, aim and scope
Weathering patinas in rocks are the result of interaction processes between rock surfaces and atmosphere, biosphere and soil. Therefore, their textural and mineral composition is strongly related to environmental and bioactivity conditions. Whereas the development of weathering patinas in atmospheric conditions is well documented (e.g. typical Mediterranean patina), only very few studies focus on their formation in a burial environment. Our study of patinas developed on the tumular structure of Reguers de Seró deals with the knowledge of burial patinas from a textural and mineralogical point of view. The aims of this study include: (1) the characterisation of the rock used in this megalithic monument as well as inferences regarding the origin of the raw material; (2) the evaluation of the patinas developed on the surface of the carved steles; and (3) the discussion of the environmental conditions (atmospheric or burial) that favoured the development of the patinas. 相似文献944.
Sex-biased predation is thought to have important implications for sexual selection, sex allocation, and population dynamics (Magnhagen, 1991; Le-Galliard et al., 2005 for an example in lizards). Most studies found that males are subjected to higher predation pressure than females during the reproductive season (Korpimäki, 1985; Lodé et al., 2004; Christe et al., 2006; Costantini et al., 2007). In that period, males are very mobile, emit acoustic signals and exhibit brilliant colourations, which are needed to attract females but may make them more visible to predators. With regard to lizards, a recent study provided the first evidence that males of a lizard species may be preyed on more than females (Costantini et al., 2007). In the present study, we investigated whether there is sex-biased predation on two small lacertid species, the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768) and the Italian wall lizard Podarcis sicula (Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810), by Eurasian kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) during the reproductive season. We also examined whether (1) the rate of predation differed between species and (2) the rate of predation differed across years or among hunting habitats for each species. 相似文献
945.
Anita Jemec Damjana Drobne Tatjana Tišler Kristina Sepčić 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(3):571-581
Background, aim and scope
For reliable environmental risk assessment of pollutants, knowledge on the effects at different levels of biological organisation is needed. During the early days of biomarker research in environmental studies approximately two decades ago, biochemical biomarkers were considered as the most promising tool for such purposes. Among these, three enzymes have often been studied: catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and cholinesterase (ChE). However, despite their intensive research, their measurements in invertebrates have not been commonly applied in environmental risk assessment (ERA) or for regulatory purposes. 相似文献946.
Stephanie K. H. Janssen Jan P. M. van Tatenhove Arthur P. J. Mol Henriëtte S. Otter 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(2):551-563
Greening flood protection (GFP) is increasingly recognized as an adaptive and flexible approach to water management that is well suited to addressing uncertain futures associated with climate change. In the last decade, GFP knowledge and policies have developed rapidly, but implementation has been less successful and has run into numerous barriers. In this paper, we address the challenge of realizing green flood protection goals by specifically considering knowledge in the decision-making of a Dutch flood protection project in Lake Markermeer. In this project, an ecological knowledge arrangement and a traditional flood protection knowledge arrangement are compared and their interactions analysed. The analysis provides insight into the specific difficulties of implementing GFP measures and identifies ways to realize GFP goals. The primary challenge is twofold: First, a self-reinforcing cycle of knowledge production and decision-making in the flood protection domain inhibits the introduction of innovative and multifunctional approaches such as GFP; second, the distribution of power is severely unbalanced in terms of ecological enhancement and flood protection, favouring the latter. Implementation of GFP requires structural change and the integration of ecological and flood protection knowledge and policy. Potentially rewarding routes towards this integration are the exploration of shared interests in GFP and the creation of mutual dependency between knowledge arrangements. The case study and the insights it provides show that GFP is far from mainstream practice and that implementation requires serious effort and courage to break with historical practices. 相似文献
947.
Human population growth in coastal areas continues to threaten estuarine ecosystems and resources. Populations of Crassostrea virginica have declined across the USA due to water quality degradation, disease pressure, alteration of habitat, and other changes related to anthropogenic impacts. Metals that may be present in estuarine habitats can bioaccumulate in oysters, with potential consequences to the health of oysters and humans consumers. This study (1) evaluated the occurrence and relationships of metal concentrations in oyster tissue versus estuarine sediments, (2) examined oyster tissue concentrations in relation to state water quality designations, and (3) evaluated the potential risk for humans from oyster consumption related to metal concentrations from harvestable waters. Results indicated metal concentrations in sediments and oysters along coastal South Carolina remain low compared to other areas and that concentrations in oyster tissue and adjacent sediments were not highly correlated with each other. However, high concentrations of some metals occurred in oysters sampled from areas designated as Approved for Harvesting. This is important because most harvest area designation systems rely on regular bacterial monitoring when evaluating the safety of consumption. Others safety measurements may be necessary as part of routine monitoring. 相似文献
948.
Rajkumar Dhakar M. A. Sarath Chandran Shivani Nagar V. Visha Kumari 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(12):645
A new methodology for crop-growth stage-specific assessment of agricultural drought risk under a variable sowing window is proposed for the soybean crop. It encompasses three drought indices, which include Crop-Specific Drought Index (CSDI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The unique features of crop-growth stage-specific nature and spatial and multi-scalar coverage provide a comprehensive assessment of agricultural drought risk. This study was conducted in 10 major soybean-growing districts of Madhya Pradesh state of India. These areas contribute about 60% of the total soybean production for the country. The phenophase most vulnerable to agricultural drought was identified (germination and flowering in our case) for each district across four sowing windows. The agricultural drought risk was quantified at various severity levels (moderate, severe, and very severe) for each growth stage and sowing window. Validation of the proposed new methodology also yielded results with a high correlation coefficient between percent probability of agricultural drought risk and yield risk (r?=?0.92). Assessment by proximity matrix yielded a similar statistic. Expectations for the proposed methodology are better mitigation-oriented management and improved crop contingency plans for planners and decision makers. 相似文献
949.
Dynamic Games in the Economics and Management of Pollution 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Steffen Jørgensen Guiomar Martín-Herrán Georges Zaccour 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2010,15(6):433-467
The paper provides a survey of the literature which utilizes dynamic state-space games to formulate and analyze intertemporal,
many decision-maker problems in the economics and management of pollution. 相似文献
950.
Vo Thi Thanh Loc Simon R. Bush Le Xuan Sinh Nguyen Tri Khiem 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2010,12(6):889-908
This paper investigates the structure, function and wealth distribution within the Pangasius hypophthalmus and Henicorhynchus spp./Labiobarbus spp. value chains in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. The analysis is driven by key questions relating to the form and function
of value chains, their contribution to the livelihoods of farmers and fishers, the effectiveness of government policy and
the potential for value chain governance mechanisms, such as contracts and certification, to steer towards sustainable production.
The results indicate that actors in the high value Pangasius hypopthalmus export chain have a higher potential income, but face considerably higher economic vulnerability from global markets. Alternatively,
Henichorhychus/Labiobarbus spp. fishers are severely constrained in their ability to negotiate higher prices for their fish but appear to be less vulnerable
to economic and environmental change. The paper concludes that for value chain governance to improve the livelihoods of fishers
and farmers in both high and low value chains, new arrangements are needed that better accommodate customary institutions
and informal market relations. 相似文献