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51.
Many eurythermal organisms alter composition of their membranes to counter perturbing effects of environmental temperature
variation on membrane fluidity, a process known as homeoviscous adaptation. Marine intertidal gastropods experience uniquely
large thermal excursions that challenge the functional integrity of their membranes on tidal and seasonal timescales. This
study measured and compared membrane fluidity in marine intertidal snail species under three scenarios: (1) laboratory thermal
acclimation, (2) thermal acclimatization during a hot midday low tide, and (3) thermal acclimatization across the vertical
intertidal zone gradient in temperature. For each scenario, we used fluorescence polarization of the membrane probe DPH to
measure membrane fluidity in individual samples of gill and mantle tissue. A four-week thermal acclimation of Tegula funebralis to 5, 15, and 25°C did not induce differences in membrane fluidity. Littorina keenae sampled from two thermal microhabitats at the beginning and end of a hot midday low tide exhibited no significant differences
in membrane fluidity, either as a function of time of day or as a function of thermal microhabitat, despite changes in body
temperature up to 24°C within 8 h. Membrane fluidities of a diverse group of snails collected from high, middle, and low vertical
regions of the intertidal zone varied among species but did not correlate with thermal microhabitat. Our data suggest intertidal
gastropod snails do not exhibit homeoviscous adaptation of gill and mantle membranes. We discuss possible alternatives for
how these organisms counter thermal excursions characteristic of the marine intertidal zone. 相似文献
52.
What can we learn from resource pulses? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An increasing number of studies in a wide range of natural systems have investigated how pulses of resource availability influence ecological processes at individual, population, and community levels. Taken together, these studies suggest that some common processes may underlie pulsed resource dynamics in a wide diversity of systems. Developing a common framework of terms and concepts for the study of resource pulses may facilitate greater synthesis among these apparently disparate systems. Here, we propose a general definition of the resource pulse concept, outline some common patterns in the causes and consequences of resource pulses, and suggest a few key questions for future investigations. We define resource pulses as episodes of increased resource availability in space and time that combine low frequency (rarity), large magnitude (intensity), and short duration (brevity), and emphasize the importance of considering resource pulses at spatial and temporal scales relevant to specific resource-onsumer interactions. Although resource pulses are uncommon events for consumers in specific systems, our review of the existing literature suggests that pulsed resource dynamics are actually widespread phenomena in nature. Resource pulses often result from climatic and environmental factors, processes of spatiotemporal accumulation and release, outbreak population dynamics, or a combination of these factors. These events can affect life history traits and behavior at the level of individual consumers, numerical responses at the population level, and indirect effects at the community level. Consumers show strategies for utilizing ephemeral resources opportunistically, reducing resource variability by averaging over larger spatial scales, and tolerating extended interpulse periods of reduced resource availability. Resource pulses can also create persistent effects in communities through several mechanisms. We suggest that the study of resource pulses provides opportunities to understand the dynamics of many specific systems, and may also contribute to broader ecological questions at individual, population, and community levels. 相似文献
53.
What’s Wrong with the Tap? Examining Perceptions of Tap Water and Bottled Water at Purdue University
The environmental impacts of bottled water prompted us to explore drinking water choices at Purdue University, located in
West Lafayette, IN. A random sample of 2,045 Purdue University students, staff, and faculty was invited to participate in
an online survey. The survey assessed current behaviors as well as perceived barriers and benefits to drinking tap water versus
bottled water. 677 surveys were completed for a response rate of 33.1%. We then conducted qualitative interviews with a purposive
sample of university undergraduates (n = 21) to obtain contextual insights into the survey results and the beliefs of individuals with a variety of drinking water
preferences. This study revealed that women drink disproportionately more bottled water then men while undergraduate students
drink more than graduate students, staff and faculty. The study also uncovered a widespread belief that recycling eliminates
the environmental impacts of bottled water. Important barriers to drinking tap water at Purdue include: perceived risks from
tap water and the perceived safety of bottled water, preferring the taste of bottled water, and the convenience of drinking
bottled water. The qualitative interviews revealed that drinking water choices can be influenced by several factors—especially
whether individuals trust tap water to be clean—but involve varying levels of complexity. The implications of these results
for social marketing strategies to promote tap water are discussed. 相似文献
54.
Abbas Sohail Kousar Shazia Pervaiz Amber 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(9):13364-13381
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This study aims twofold; first, to analyze the effects of traditional energy, renewable energy, ecological footprint, urbanization, transportation on... 相似文献
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56.
Ahmed Farhan Kousar Shazia Pervaiz Amber Trinidad-Segovia Juan E. del Pilar Casado-Belmonte Maria Ahmed Wisal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(5):6871-6885
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The objective of this study is to contribute to the existing debate of green economic growth by empirically investigating the role of cleaner energy... 相似文献
57.
Bouaich Fatima Zahra Maherzi Walid El-hajjaji Fadoua Abriak Nor-Edine Benzerzour Mahfoud Taleb Mustapha Rais Zakia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(1):146-157
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work concerns the reuse of treated wastewater from Er-Rachidia wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the mixing of ordinary C20/25 concrete, to... 相似文献
58.
Gul Amber Chandio Abbas Ali Siyal Sajid Ali Rehman Abdul Xiumin Wu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(18):26660-26674
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This research attempts to evaluate the linkage among climatic change factors such as average temperature and rainfall patterns and non-climatic... 相似文献