煤炭工业发展与土地资源管理

土地资源是一种不可再生资源，一旦破坏就很难再恢复，新的《土地管理法》对土地的保护提出了更为严格的措施；煤炭工业是土地破坏的大户，新的《土地管理法》的颁布加重了煤炭企业破坏土地的赔偿负担，煤炭工业的发展面临更为严峻的形势。在当前情况下，探讨煤炭工业发展与土地资源管理之间的二元关系对于实现煤炭工业可持续发展具有十分现实的意义。     

大中型农场生态经济评价指标及评价方法

本文在对几个典型大中型农场现状调查基础上，根据生态经济评价指标体系的确定原则．确立了评价农场生态经济现状的指标体系。同时，为消除不同地区间农场的资源差异，便于不同农场间的相互比较，又采用ＦＡＯ提供的生态区域法和主成分分析法对指标体系进行指标筛选，并在总结前人研究的基础上，结合农场实际，建立了能综合反映农场生态经济现状的评价方程Ｙ＝１０Ｘ＿１＋０．０７５（Ｘ＿２＋Ｘ＿３）＋０．６Ｘ＿４＋５（Ｘ＿５＋Ｘ＿６）＋２Ｘ＿７＋０．１５Ｘ＿８＋０．００１５Ｘ＿９，并把它运用到农村的生态经济评价中。本文确定的评价指标和评价方法，不仅适用于不同地区的各类农场，也适用于我国不同地区的各类农村。对我国不同地区不同类型的生态系统生态经济评价具有普遍的指导意义。     

旋转式滗水器的数学模型分析与改进设计

旋转式滗水器是SBR工艺处理法中重要装置.针对其实际运行过程中出现的问题,通过建立旋转式滗水器的数学模型,并进行受力分析,找出了工作中受力的变化规律.在此基础上对其进行了改进设计,经过实际运用表明,理论分析是正确的.这对于SBR工艺处理法的实际运行具有良好的推进作用.     

Effects of biochars on the bioaccessibility of phenanthrene/pyrene/zinc/lead and microbial community structure in a soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

The immobilization of co-contaminants of organic and inorganic pollutants by biochar is an efficient remediation strategy. However, the effect of biochar amendments on the bioaccessibility of the co-contaminants in dry versus flooded soils has rarely been compared. In batch experiments, bamboo-derived biochar(BB) had a higher sorption capacity for phenanthrene(Phe)/pyrene(Pyr)/zinc(Zn) than corn straw-derived biochar(CB), while CB had a higher sorption capacity for lead(Pb) than BB. After 150 days of incubation, the amendments of 2% CB, 0.5% BB and 2% BB effectively suppressed the dissipation and reduced the bioaccessibility of Phe/Pyr by 15.65%/18.02%, 17.07%/18.31%and 25.43%/27.11%, respectively, in the aerobic soils. This effectiveness was more significant than that in the anaerobic soils. The accessible Zn/Pb concentrations were also significantly lower in the aerobic soils than in the anaerobic soils, regardless of treatments.The Gram-negative bacterial biomass and the Shannon–Weaver index in the aerobic soil amended with 2% CB were the highest. The soil microbial community structure was jointly affected by changes in the bioaccessibility of the co-contaminants and the soil physiochemical properties caused by biochar amendments under the two conditions. Therefore, dry land farming may be more reliable than paddy soil cultivation at reducing the bioaccessibility of Phe/Pyr/Zn/Pb and enhancing the soil microbial diversity in the short term.     

江苏省泰兴市土地资源的人口承载量研究

从人群的营养水平和主粮、副食品消费结构的变化出发，分别估算和预测了１９９３年和２０００年江苏省泰兴市土地资源的人口承载量。结果表明，该市土地资源１９９３年可供１２０万人过上宽裕型生活，到２０００年可供９５万人过上小康型生活，其余三分之一以上人口的粮食需求要依靠市外供给。     

Na_2CO_3催化焙烧法回收CnS中的铜

用Ｎａ＿２ＣＯ＿３催化焙烧法将ＣｕＳ转化为Ｃｕ。最佳的转化条件；反应温度为７５０℃，ＣｕＳ：Ｎａ＿２ＣＯ＿３（摩尔比）为１：２，在空气中反应９０ｍｉｎ。ＣｕＳ的转化率可达到９９％。     

由"零事故活动"谈安全文化建设

“零事故活动”是日本1973年借鉴当时美国安全评议会开展的“Zero in on safety（瞄准安全）”活动,将其与质量控制活动（QC）、创造性问题解决方法（KJ）等相结合所形成的活动体系。该活动经过多次改良,已成为对日本企业安全文化形成具有深远影响力的活动。活动最初提出的口号是“零事故!全员参加!”,其基本理念是以人为本,     

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of benzene homologues in ambient air in the northeastern urban area of Beijing, China

Ambient benzene homologues were measured at a site in the northeastern urban area of Beijing, China, from August 24 to September 4, 2012 by SUMMA canister sampling followed by laboratory determination using cryogenic cold trap pre-concentration-GC-MS/FID, and their health risks were also assessed. Daily total benzene homologues ranged from 0.99 to 49.71 μg/m3with an average of 11.98 μg/m3. Benzene homologues showed higher concentrations in the morning and evening than that at noontime. Comparison with previous studies revealed a trend of decrease for ambient benzene homologues probably due to the efective emission control in Beijing in recent years. Vehicular exhaust was the main source while volatilization of paints and solvents also made substantial contributions. Health risk assessment showed that BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene) and styrene had no appreciable adverse non-cancer health risks for the exposed population, while benzene has potential cancer risk of 1.34E-05. Available data from cities in China all implied that benzene imposes relatively higher cancer risk on the exposed populations and therefore strict control measures should be taken to further lower ambient benzene levels in China.     

2种经典模型对抗生素与重金属锌的蛋白核小球藻时间依赖联合毒性作用的评估比较

污染物在环境中普遍以混合物的形式存在,其累积毒性与毒性相互作用具有潜在的环境风险。因此,本研究以水环境中普遍存在的氨基糖苷类抗生素(硫酸链霉素、硫酸安普霉素和双氢链霉素)和重金属锌(Zn)为目标污染物,以蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa,C. pyrenoidosa)为指示生物,应用直接均分射线法设计3种抗生素与Zn的3个二元混合物体系,应用时间毒性微板分析法系统测定3种抗生素和重金属Zn及其二元混合物射线的时间-浓度-毒性数据,以浓度加和(concentration addition,CA)与独立作用(independent action,IA)为标准加和参考模型,分析混合物毒性相互作用及其随时间变化规律。结果表明,随着暴露时间延长,3种抗生素和重金属Zn对C. pyrenoidosa的毒性逐渐增强; 2种模型对3个二元混合物体系的毒性相互作用评估基本一致,即在低浓度区域始终呈现加和作用,而在高浓度区域随暴露时间延长由协同作用逐渐转变为加和作用;而对于同一混合物体系,CA和IA模型预测毒性之间的差距随着浓度增加而增加,且IA预测曲线始终位于CA预测曲线上方,显示了IA模型在评估具有相异组分混合物的毒性时较CA模型接近实际观测值。     

PNN破乳剂的合成及其乳化液废水处理

由氨,仲胺与伯胺及表卤代醇合成制备了合成制备了高效破乳剂ＰＮＮ,并用以处理乳化油废水,取得了较好的效果。结果表明,在ＰＨ＝６．０－７．５,投量为１．８８‰３．０‰的条件下,用ＰＮＮ处理ＣＯＤｃｒ为７１８４０ｍｇ／Ｌ、ｉｍｇ ｏ １５５３４ｍｇ／Ｌ、油为１５５３４ｍｇ／Ｌ的某乳化油废水,最佳ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率达９２．７％,最佳油去除率达９９．９％。,浊度去除率达到９９．９％,该药剂破乳后固液分离性能较