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101.
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Land use as a mitigation strategy for the water-quality impacts of global warming: a scenario analysis on two watersheds in the Ohio River Basin 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This study uses an integrative approach to study the water-quality impacts of future global climate and land-use changes. In this study, changing land-use types was used as a mitigation strategy to reduce the adverse impacts of global climate change on water resources. The climate scenarios were based on projections made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Kingdom Hadley Centre's climate model (HadCM2). The Thornthwaite water-balance model was coupled with a land-use model (L-THIA) to investigate the hydrologic effects of future climate and land-use changes in the Ohio River Basin. The land-use model is based on the Soil Conservation Service's curve-number method. It uses the curve number, an index of land use and soil type, to calculate runoff volume and depth. The ArcView programming language, Avenue, was used to integrate the two models into a geographic information system (GIS). An output of the water-balance model, daily precipitation values adjusted for potential evapotranspiration, served as one of the inputs into the land-use model. Two watersheds were used in the present study: one containing the city of Cincinnati on the main stem of the Ohio River, and one containing the city of Columbus on a tributary of the Ohio River. These cities represent two major metropolitan areas in the Ohio River Basin with different land uses experiencing different rates of population growth. The projected hypothetical land-use changes were based on linear extrapolations of current population data. Results of the analyses indicate that conversion from agricultural land use to low-density residential land use may decrease the amount of surface runoff. The land-use practices which generate the least amount of runoff are forest, low-density residential, and agriculture; whereas high-density residential and commercial land-use types produce the highest runoff. The hydrologic soil type present was also an important factor in determining the amount of runoff and non-point-source pollution. A runoff-depth matrix and total nitrogen matrix were created for Cincinnati and Columbus to describe possible land-use mitigation measures in response to global climate change. The differences in Cincinnati and Columbus were due to differences in geographic location, air temperature, and total runoff. The results of this study may be useful to planners and policy makers for defining the possible impacts of future global climate and land-use changes on water resources. 相似文献
104.
TechnologicalsystemforsustainabledevelopmentofChineseagricultureZhangRenwu;JiWenying;ZhangTong(Agro-EnvironmentalProtectionIn... 相似文献
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郯庐断裂系统与中国东部幔源岩浆成因CO_2关系的初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国已发现的幔源岩浆成因CO2气藏主要分布在与郯庐断裂发育密切相关的东部伸展盆地,两者关系具体表现如下:1.中国东部幔源岩浆成因CO2气藏的空间展布与郯庐断裂保持一致;2.郯庐断裂切割深度达到上地幔;3.沿郯庐断裂岩浆活动强烈,且具幔源特点;4.中国东部伸展盆地自中、新生代以来的演化受郯庐断裂带活动影响。本文主要以郯庐断裂带为主线,结合幔源岩浆成因CO2气藏典型实例,从郯庐断裂构造环境、空间格局和演化过程对幔源岩浆成因CO2的控制作用进行初步归纳和分析。 相似文献
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介绍了SBR- COR 工艺处理高浓度、多品种混合化工污水的工艺流程、工作原理及闲置保养情况,详细地阐述了活性污泥生物相与运行状况的关系。实际运行表明,SBR- COR 具有重新启动所需时间短、微生物激活快,对浓度高、毒性大的化工污水具有耐冲击特性,外理效果显著。 相似文献
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Gulzar Kassam Andrew T. L. Chen Marshall F. Goldberg Suzanne Trusler Godfrey P. Oakley Jr. 《黑龙江环境通报》1984,4(3):213-216
Although prenatal genetic diagnosis can usually provide prospective parents with information as to whether their fetus is affected with certain genetic conditions, the presence of twins and the uncertainty about the phenotype of some chromosome variations pose a major dilemma and make genetic counselling very difficult. Here, a case report of an unusual chromosome aberration (pericentric inversion of chromosome no. 17) in a twin pregnancy which was originally suspected to be monoamniotic but later proved to have two sacs was presented. 相似文献
110.
为履行《禁止化学武器公约》,各缔约国销毁化学武器的工作已启动。根据当前世界上化学武器的销毁情况,并针对二战期间在中国遗弃的化学武器的特点,给出了一套适应化学武器销毁流程的环境风险评价方法和技术。这套方法对将在我国进行的销毁遗弃化学武器风险评价工作有一定的实际意义。 相似文献