臭氧氧化—生物活性炭滤池深度处理制革废水二级出水

采用臭氧氧化—生物活性炭滤池组合工艺深度处理制革厂的生化出水.在臭氧加入量为25 mg/L,氧化时间为25min、生物活性炭滤池HRT为lh的条件下,处理后废水平均COD为51mg/L,平均TOC为15.1mg/L,平均UV254(波长254 nm处单位比色皿光程下的吸光度)为0.12,平均氨氮质量浓度为0.51 mg/L,出水水质达到GB18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中的一级B排放标准.     

An investigation of halogens in Izmit hazardous and clinical waste incinerator

In the combustion facilities, halogens (Cl, F, Br, I) should be considered with regard to the control of the compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), halogenated polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and volatile heavy metals formed as a result of incomplete combustion and caused adverse environmental effects. In this study halogens were observed in Izmit Hazardous and Clinical Waste Incinerator (IZAYDAS). Halogen contents of the combustion menu, flue gas, fly ash, bottom ash and filter cake were measured and their distributions in these exit streams were determined. Results showed that the major part of the halogens was partitioned to solid residues, i.e., bottom ash and filter cake which represents the removal by wet scrubbers. Fly ash and flue gas fractions of halogens were much lower due to the reduced formation of volatile compounds.     

Heavy metals in organisms and sediments from Turkish Coast of the Black Sea, 1997-1998

During the period 1997-1998, macroalgae, sea snail, mussel, fish and sediment samples were collected at different stations of the Turkish Black Sea coast in order to establish the concentration of selected heavy metals. Heavy metals analyzed were Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb and Cu. The results showed that the Turkish Black Sea coast is facing heavy metal pollution. The metal concentrations in macroalgae, sea snail, mussel and sediment samples are very high. However, Cd, Pb and Cu concentrations in anchovy fish decreased, while Co, Fe, Zn, Cr, Mn and Ni contents had changed when compared previous data. The metal levels in macroalgae did not follow the same pattern as concentrations in sediments at the same station. On the other hand, concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu in sea snail, mussel and fish samples were related to sediment data in the examined stations.     

路面预防性养护时机确定方法探讨

介绍了路面预防性养护时机的确定方法 :应用行驶质量指数或破坏指数、基于时间或路况、效益费用评估、生命周期费用分析、决策树或决策矩阵、评分排序方法进行路面预防性养护时机的确定 ;挖掘了目前路面预防性养护时机选取方法中存在的不足。根据路面破坏的复杂性以及目前路面预防性养护时机选取方法的不足 ,提出应对措施 ,路面预防性养护时机研究应该在一个多标准、基于路面性能的基础上进行 ;在路面结构性能良好的情况下 ,基于预防性养护的路面功能性能衰变是进行路面预防性养护时机研究的关键     

广铜酸性废水处理工艺改进研究

探讨了对广钢集团广铜公司的污水处理系统的一些改进方案。通过加强对废水排放的管理,加建天棚临时存放污泥,改进风机加强曝气过程的搅拌作用等措施,使得该系统更适应日益扩大的生产规模,废水处理能力提高了70％,并且污水处理质量提高,运行更为稳定,能源消耗减少,年可节电费10万元,污水处理费用降低,处理后废水的回用率达40％以上。     

四川盆地农牧区生态失调的综合整治初探

四川盆地农林牧区是处于我省腹心地带，人口稠密，经济发展较快。本文针对该区出现的自然灾害现状，提出该区发展方向，和具体措施，供有关部门领导参考。     

Cadna/A软件在高速铁路声环境影响评价中的应用

通过分析高速铁路噪声源及声屏障插入后的声传播特征,以Cadna/A噪声计算模式等为基础,建立了基于Cadna/A软件的高速铁路噪声预测模型。利用德国及我国建立在测试基础上的噪声源强数据及噪声预测模式对Cadna/A预测模型进行验证与修正,获得了与我国目前计算规范较一致的噪声预测结果。最后根据铁路声屏障特点,建立了铁路声屏障的Cadna/A计算模型,计算结果与实测结果差异较小。结果表明:只需对Cadna/A软件模型参数做适当验证性修正,该软件即可适用于我国高速铁路噪声环境影响的预测。同时,基于Cadna/A软件的铁路声屏障模型还可用于指导声屏障优化设计工作。     

使用变频器、软启动器与缓闭止回阀相结合的办法消除停泵水锤

根据某自来水厂水泵运行中出现的水锤问题,对取水泵房、送水泵房、反冲洗泵房出现的水锤问题进行了分析、试验,针对不同的情况,通过使用变频器、软启动器与缓闭止回阀相结合的办法,减小或消除了停泵水锤。     

Genotoxic biomonitoring study of population residing in pesticide contaminated regions in Göksu Delta: micronucleus, chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges

Pesticides are widely used throughout the world in agriculture to protect crops and in public health to control diseases. Nevertheless, exposure to pesticides represents a potential risk to humans. This paper describes a study of possible genetic damage in the people living in regions contaminated with complex mixture of pesticides in G?ksu Delta. In this study, used methods were chromosomal aberration (CA), sister chromatid exchange analysis (SCE) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes, and micronucleus (MN) assay in the buccal epithelial cells. In the present investigation, 32 affected subjects consist of 16 smoking and 16 non-smokings and an equal number of control subjects were assessed for genome damage. Micronucleus (MN), Broken egg (BE), Karyorrhexis (KR), Karyolysis (KL) and Binucleus (BN) frequencies were higher in affected subjects than in controls. Smoking had a statistically significant effect on the Micronucleus, Karyorrhexis and Binucleus frequencies for both the control and the exposed group. Also smoking and exposure affected the frequency of sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations compared with control groups.     

Cationic dye adsorption onto natural and synthetic zeolites in the presence of Cs+ and Sr2+ ions

Adsorption of diazine dye safranine O (SO) in the presence of Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ ions was investigated onto natural and synthetic zeolites in order to predict competition of cationic organic species with their radionuclides, which are the main fission products released into the environment. Adsorption of SO was measured up to the 40th day and the surface-diffusion coefficients (D_s) were estimated by applying Nernst–Planck approximation based on a homogeneous-surface-diffusion model. The values of D_s were 10 times higher on natural zeolite than those of synthesized zeolite from fly ash (FA) under hydrothermal conditions. Similarly, distribution coefficients (K_D) were considerably higher on the clinoptilolite-type natural zeolite. The zeolitized product of FA is mainly composed of analcime and sodalite. SO adsorption on natural zeolite was not influenced by Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ ions, but it decreased at high concentrations on synthetic zeolite. The higher influence of the Sr²⁺ ions on SO⁺ adsorption showed that they compete with each other for the same adsorption sites. These results suggested that natural zeolite cannot be used for remediation of wastewater polluted with Cs and Sr radionuclides in the presence of organic cations, whilst FA zeolite has a potential for Sr removal.