全文获取类型
收费全文 | 897篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 51篇 |
废物处理 | 20篇 |
环保管理 | 126篇 |
综合类 | 155篇 |
基础理论 | 220篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 227篇 |
评价与监测 | 80篇 |
社会与环境 | 34篇 |
灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 17篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 18篇 |
2015年 | 24篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 99篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 59篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 45篇 |
2008年 | 54篇 |
2007年 | 44篇 |
2006年 | 34篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 27篇 |
2003年 | 28篇 |
2002年 | 33篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 15篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1963年 | 3篇 |
1960年 | 4篇 |
1956年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有922条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
Gerzabek MH Barceló D Bellin A Rijnaarts HH Slob A Darmendrail D Fowler HJ Négrel P Frank E Grathwohl P Kuntz D Barth JA 《Journal of environmental management》2007,84(2):237-243
The integrated project "AquaTerra" with the full title "integrated modeling of the river-sediment-soil-groundwater system; advanced tools for the management of catchment areas and river basins in the context of global change" is among the first environmental projects within the sixth Framework Program of the European Union. Commencing in June 2004, it brought together a multidisciplinary team of 45 partner organizations from 12 EU countries, Romania, Switzerland, Serbia and Montenegro. AquaTerra is an ambitious project with the primary objective of laying the foundations for a better understanding of the behavior of environmental pollutants and their fluxes in the soil-sediment-water system with respect to climate and land use changes. The project performs research as well as modeling on river-sediment-soil-groundwater systems through quantification of deposition, sorption and turnover rates and the development of numerical models to reveal fluxes and trends in soil and sediment functioning. Scales ranging from the laboratory to river basins are addressed with the potential to provide improved river basin management, enhanced soil and groundwater monitoring as well as the early identification and forecasting of impacts on water quantity and quality. Study areas are the catchments of the Ebro, Meuse, Elbe and Danube Rivers and the Brévilles Spring. Here we outline the general structure of the project and the activities conducted within eleven existing sub-projects of AquaTerra. 相似文献
73.
Nurul Leksmono Paul Dorfman Frank Burnet David Gibbs Emma Weitkamp 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2010,53(5):559-571
Schedule 11 of the Environment Act 1995 underpins the requirement for consultation on air quality issues. The ongoing air quality review and assessment process represents one of the largest locally based science policy and communication initiatives ever undertaken in the UK. This paper outlines the practice of consultation and communication for Air Quality Management (AQM) and reviews the interaction between Environmental Health professionals, as the leading actor in the AQM process and other stakeholders involved in air quality consultation, including the public. Results are presented from a widespread questionnaire survey of English local authorities. Data indicate that the majority of air quality consultation has been carried out with statutory consultees (by sending the review and assessment reports) and the public (via websites and leaflets) in the form of information dissemination. 相似文献
74.
Gerald P. Huffman Frank E. Huggins Naresh Shah Robert Huggins William P. Linak C. Andrew Miller 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):1106-1114
ABSTRACT Combustion experiments were carried out on four different residual fuel oils in a 732-kW boiler. PM emission samples were separated aerodynamically by a cyclone into fractions that were nominally less than and greater than 2.5 |j.m in diameter. However, examination of several of the samples by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) revealed that part of the PM2.5 fraction consists of carbonaceous cenospheres and vesicular particles that range up to 10 |j.m in diameter. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy data were obtained at the S, V, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, and As K-edges and at the Pb L-edge. Deconvolution of the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) region of the S spectra established that the dominant molecular forms of S present were sulfate (26-84% of total S) and thiophene (13-39% of total S). Sulfate was greater in the PM2.5 samples than in the PM25+ samples. Inorganic sulfides and elemental sulfur were present in lower percentages. The Ni XANES spectra from all of the samples agreed fairly well with that of NiSO4, while most of the V spectra closely resembled that of vanadyl sulfate (VO?SO4?xH2O). The other metals investigated (i.e., Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb) also were present predominantly as sulfates. Arsenic was present as an arsen-ate (As+5). X-ray diffraction patterns of the PM2.5 fraction exhibit sharp lines due to sulfate compounds (Zn, V, Ni, Ca, etc.) superimposed on broad peaks due to amorphous carbons. All of the samples contain a significant organic component, with the loss on ignition (LOI) ranging from 64 to 87% for the PM2.5 fraction and from 88 to 97% for the PM2.5+ fraction. Based on 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, the carbon is predominantly condensed in graphitic structures. Aliphatic structure was detected in only one of seven samples examined. 相似文献
75.
McKee GJ Goodhue RE Zalom FG Carter CA Chalfant JA 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(1):561-570
In agriculture, relatively few efficacious control measures may be available for an invasive pest. In the case of a new insect pest, insecticide use decisions are affected by regulations associated with its registration, insect population dynamics, and seasonal market price cycles. We assess the costs and benefits of environmental regulations designed to regulate insecticide applications on an invasive species. We construct a bioeconomic model, based on detailed scientific data, of management decisions for a specific invasion: greenhouse whiteflies in California-grown strawberries. The empirical model integrates whitefly population dynamics, the effect of whitefly feeding on strawberry yields, and weekly strawberry price. We use the model to assess the optimality of alternative treatment programs on a simulated greenhouse whitefly population. Our results show that regulations may lead growers to "under-spray" when placed in an economic context, and provide some general lessons about the design of optimal invasive species control policies. 相似文献
76.
Frank Merry Britaldo Soares-Filho Daniel Nepstad Gregory Amacher Hermann Rodrigues 《Environmental management》2009,44(3):395-407
Logging has been a much maligned feature of frontier development in the Amazon. Most discussions ignore the fact that logging
can be part of a renewable, environmentally benign, and broadly equitable economic activity in these remote places. We estimate
there to be some 4.5 ± 1.35 billion m3 of commercial timber volume in the Brazilian Amazon today, of which 1.2 billion m3 is currently profitable to harvest, with a total potential stumpage value of $15.4 billion. A successful forest sector in
the Brazilian Amazon will integrate timber harvesting on private lands and on unprotected and unsettled government lands with
timber concessions on public lands. If a legal, productive, timber industry can be established outside of protected areas,
it will deliver environmental benefits in synergy with those provided by the region’s network of protected areas, the latter
of which we estimate to have an opportunity cost from lost timber revenues of $2.3 billion over 30 years. Indeed, on all land
accessible to harvesting, the timber industry could produce an average of more than 16 million m3 per year over a 30-year harvest cycle—entirely outside of current protected areas—providing $4.8 billion in returns to landowners
and generating $1.8 billion in sawnwood sales tax revenue. This level of harvest could be profitably complemented with an
additional 10% from logging concessions on National Forests. This advance, however, should be realized only through widespread
adoption of reduced impact logging techniques. 相似文献
77.
Acute toxicity of aromatic and non-aromatic fractions of naphthenic acids extracted from oil sands process-affected water to larval zebrafish 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A.G. Scarlett H.C. Reinardy T.B. Henry C.E. West R.A. Frank L.M. Hewitt S.J. Rowland 《Chemosphere》2013
The toxicity of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) has regularly been attributed to naphthenic acids, which exist in complex mixtures. If on remediation treatment (e.g., ozonation) or on entering the environment, the mixtures of these acids all behave in the same way, then they can be studied as a whole. If, however, some acids are resistant to change, whilst others are not, or are less resistant, it is important to establish which sub-classes of acids are the most toxic. 相似文献
78.
The comparison of increasing doses of a treatment to a negative control is frequently part of toxicological studies. For normally distributed data Williams (1971, 1972) introduced a maximum likelihood test under total order restriction. But until now there seems to have been no solution for the arbitrary unbalanced case. According to the idea proposed by Robertson et al. (1988) we will apply in this article the basic concept of Williams on the class of multiple contrast tests for the general unbalanced parametric set-up. Simulation results for size and power and two examples for estimating the minimal toxic dose (MTD) are given. 相似文献
79.
Peter H. Roos Walter D. Weißenfels Manfred van Afferden Frank Pfeifer Walter G. Hanstein 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2000,12(1):13-19
The goal of the present work is to assess the adverse effects of soil bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) which remain in soils after biological remediation. We focus on risk assessment for mammalian species with respect to the oral uptake of contaminated soil particles and compare the results of a biomarker test with those of an ecotoxicological assay, the bioluminescence inhibition test withVibrio fischeri. As a biomarker effect in mammals, we determined the liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP1A1 which is induced by PAH in exposed rats. After biological soil treatment, different amounts of PAH remain in the soil depending on the soil properties and initial pollutant composition. Particularly, higher condensated PAH resists biological treatment due to its hydrophobicity. In addition, high amounts of organic carbon in the soils affect remediation efficiency. In the bioluminescence inhibition test, eluates of all biologically treated soils studied do not reveal any or only low inhibitory effects. In contrast, the oral uptake of biologically treated contaminated soils leads to induction levels for CYP1A1 similar to those in the untreated samples. A good correlation is obtained between CYP1A1 levels and the amount of 5 and 6-ring PAH in the soil samples. The main result is that the remediation efficiency determined by the luminescence test is not reflected by the biomarker test, a finding which indicates the high bioavailability of residual PAH in soils. Consequently, new criteria for human risk assessment can be delineated. 相似文献
80.