水动力学法预测三峡工程对洞庭湖洲滩的影响

用水动力学方法，根据三峡建库前后不同的时空边界条件，模拟长江水情要素，并建立长江水位与洞庭湖水位的回归方程，从而预测三峡工程对洞庭湖区洲滩面积的影响。     

广东省土地资源可持续利用评价研究

基于广东省城市化进程中土地资源利用之特点，利用熵权技术和线性加成技术建立了广东省土地资源可持续利用的评价体系，并对广东省1992～2002年期间土地利用的基本状况进行了实证分析，研究表明：广东省土地资源利用状况从总体上看是趋好的，在经历了1992～1995年的弱可持续之后，目前已进入良性发展阶段，其经济指标和社会指标均处于良好发展势头．但资源和环境指标在2000年后呈明显下滑趋势。这应该引起政府及有关部门高度重视。     

运动消耗对草鱼幼鱼游泳能力的影响

以草鱼幼鱼（体长80~97 cm,体重96~134 g）为研究对象,采用实验室专利装置研究了不同运动消耗状态下的草鱼幼鱼游泳能力。结果表明：在正常状态下草鱼幼鱼的临界游泳速度[WTBX]（Ucrit）为711±060 BL/s,耗氧率（MO2）与流速（U）方程拟合为MO2=4705+419U123,耗氧率随着流速的增大而增大,且草鱼的有氧运动效率较高。在4种运动消耗状态（06Ucrit、08Ucrit、10Ucrit、12Ucrit）流速下运动1 h草鱼的消耗后临界游泳速度（Upcrit）分别为：725±135、633±06、626±08、560±04 BL/s,临界游泳速度随着前期消耗流速的增大而减小,相应的耗氧率方程拟合为：MO2=38269+465U144,MO2=44526+4223U146,MO2=46611+4790U149,MO2=60034+3883U151。运动消耗会导致草鱼的有氧运动效率降低,同时随着运动消耗速度的增加有氧运动效率随之降低。研究结果认为在设计以草鱼为主要过鱼对象的过鱼设施时,鱼道内的流速不应大于08Ucrit,以使鱼类顺利通过。针对不同过鱼对象游泳特性进行设计的鱼道能够提高鱼类通过鱼道的效率     

基于AHP-FCE模型的制药废水处理技术综合评价

制药废水由于具有水质复杂、COD高、有毒有害物浓度高、可生化性差、色度高等特点,处理十分困难。目前制药废水处理技术种类较多,且各项技术均具有各自的特点。为选择合适的制药废水处理技术,构建了制药废水处理技术评价指标体系,确定了评价标准,并采用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法相结合的评价方法(AHP-FCE)对国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(简称“水专项”)研发的13项制药废水处理技术进行了综合评价。结果表明:升流式厌氧污泥床-膜生物反应器(UASB-MBR)组合技术是制药废水处理较优的可行技术,其次为两级分离内循环厌氧反应器和复合氧反应器-好氧反应器(ABR-CASS)生物强化处理技术。研究结果可以为制药企业选择合适的废水处理技术提供支持。     

Influence of different inoculation densities of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) on heavy metal immobilization in swine manure

The disposal of organic waste by the biocomposting of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has drawn broad attention. However, the discrepancies in heavy metal immobilization between BSFL biocomposting with different inoculation densities and aerobic composting need to be further researched. In this study, BSFL with inoculation densities of 0.08%, 0.24% and 0.40% was added to swine manure to investigate its influence on heavy metal bioaccumulation and bioavailability. The physicochemical properties, BSFL growth performance and amino acid contents were measured. The results showed that the germination index, total prepupal yield and bioavailable fraction removal rate (%) of Cr and Pb at an inoculation density of 0.40% of BSFL were the highest among all of the BSFL biocomposting groups. Although the bioaccumulation factor and heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn) concentrations of the BSFL body from swine manure with inoculation densities of 0.24% and 0.40% of BSFL were similar, the BSFL inoculation density of 0.40% had the best absorption effect on these heavy metals in terms of total prepupal yield. Therefore, this study provides a basis for exploring the optimal inoculation density of BSFL biocomposting to reduce the harmful effects of heavy metals in swine manure.

     

What are the disease burden and its sensitivity analysis of workers exposing to Staphylococcus aureus bioaerosol during warm and cold periods in a wastewater treatment plant?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biological treatment in wastewater treatment plants releases high amounts of pathogenic bioaerosols. Quantitative microbial risk assessment is a...     

Comprehensive evaluation of land reclamation schemes in mining areas based on linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making

Schemes to protect the geological environment and reclaim land are core requirements for an application for mining rights and complying with mining regulations. Mining enterprises must be supervised to ensure they fulfill their obligations. To guide oversight of such schemes and to provide references for their compilation and review, this study evaluates land reclamation schemes in mining areas using a multi-attribute group decision-making method. First, linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are used to describe the evaluation information. Considering the authority and preferences of experts, methods for determining expert weights in four cases are established. Max–min deviation then determines the attribute weights, and a method for linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making is proposed. Finally, the practicability of this method is verified through a comparative analysis of land reclamation schemes for four mining areas in Sichuan Province, China. The results show the proposed method to give simple and effective evaluation, making it reasonably applicable to the compilation and review of land reclamation schemes.

     

Constructing 3D magnetic flower-like Fe3O4@SiO2@Co3O4@BiOCl heterojunction photocatalyst for degrading rhodamine B

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the 3D magnetic flower-like Fe3O4@SiO2@Co3O4@BiOCl heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully prepared. The combination of BiOCl with...     

基于固态碳源的同步硝化反硝化反应器对海水养殖废水中氮的去除性能

通过批次实验考察了非生物作用下3-羟基丁酸/戊酸酯共聚物(PHBV)的有机碳释放规律;以PHBV颗粒和陶粒作为填料建立了填充柱生物膜反应器,并通过长期(90 d)运行考察了其对海水养殖废水中氮的去除性能。结果表明,非生物作用下PHBV难以向水体中释放有机碳;以PHBV作为固态碳源的生物膜反应器可以实现同步硝化反硝化。反应器运行状态(HRT为2 h)稳定后,氨氮和总氮的去除率分别为(91.8±1.3)%和(87.5±2.2)%,硝化速率和反硝化速率分别为0.11 g·(L·d)⁻¹和0.20 g·(L·d)⁻¹。填充柱沿水流方向可以分为2个区段,0~20 cm柱体内主要进行同步硝化反硝化过程,20~100 cm柱体内主要进行反硝化过程;反应器中微弱的亚硝酸盐积累可以归因于短程反硝化。以上研究成果可以为海水养殖业绿色发展提供参考。     

磁絮凝-吸附技术对黑臭水体中浊度、氨氮和总磷的去除效果及机理

采用磁絮凝-吸附技术开展了同步去除黑臭水体浊度、氨氮和总磷(TP)实验。在磁絮凝阶段,通过聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、磁粉(MPs)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)复配使用,利用电荷中和作用去除浊度和TP;同时,利用化学吸附沉淀去除TP;在此阶段中,当PFS、MPs、PAM的投加量分别为16.00、100.00、2.20 mg·L⁻¹且以PFS+MPs在快速阶段先投加,PAM在慢速阶段后投加的顺序投配时,絮凝效果达到最佳。在吸附阶段,吸附剂质化壳聚糖-沸石(PCZ)主要通过离子交换作用去除氨氮以及通过静电吸附作用去除TP;当PCZ的投加量为1.25 g·L⁻¹时吸附效果达到最佳。利用所研究的磁絮凝-吸附技术对实际黑臭水体进行处理,其出水浊度能达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放一级标准(≤10.00 NTU),TP和氨氮也分别能满足地表水环境质量Ⅲ类标准(≤0.20 mg·L⁻¹)和Ⅴ类标准(≤2.00 mg·L⁻¹)要求。