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91.
Ching-Hwa Lee Hsin-Yi Yen Ching-Hua Liao Srinivasa R. Popuri Elon I. Cadogan Chuan-Jen Hsu 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(1):102-110
An evaluation of various metal purification processes subsequent to the leaching processing of the neodymium (Nd) product from neodymium–iron–boron (Nd–Fe–B) magnets has been conducted. These post-leaching purification processes included precipitation; replacement and electrolysis were studied in order to check the purity of the recovered neodymium. A hydrometallurgical investigation was adopted to digest the metal content of the scrap Nd–Fe–B magnets for the recovery of valuable Nd metal and other metals such as Fe, B, Co and Ni. The effect of leaching conditions such as solid-to-liquid ratio and temperature were optimized and 100 % Nd, 100 % Fe, 100 % B and 85.87 % Co leaching efficiencies were achieved under these conditions. The coating material of the magnet, Ni, achieved 50 % impregnation after increasing the reaction temperature to 70 °C. The metals present in the optimal leaching solution were recovered 99 % by pH adjustment. However, the replacement had the highest separation efficiency for the recovery of Nd metal. Further, the optimal leaching Nd–Fe–B solution was subjected to the electrolysis processes in order to verify the recovery efficiency for all metals. 相似文献
92.
A. H. M. Selim Reza Jiin-Shuh Jean Huai-Jen Yang Ming-Kuo Lee Hua-Fen Hsu Chia-Chuan Liu Yao-Chang Lee Jochen Bundschuh Kao-Hong Lin Chi-Yu Lee 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2011,33(3):235-258
Humic substances in groundwater and aquifer sediments from the arsenicosis and Blackfoot disease (BFD) affected areas in Bangladesh
(Bengal delta plain) and Taiwan (Lanyang plain and Chianan plain) were characterized using fluorescence spectrophotometry
and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the mean concentration of As and relative
intensity of fluorescent humic substances are higher in the Chianan plain groundwater than those in the Lanyang plain and
Bengal delta plain groundwater. The mean As concentrations in Bengal delta plain, Chianan plain, and Lanyang plain are 50.65 μg/l
(2.8–170.8 μg/l, n = 20), 393 μg/l (9–704 μg/l, n = 5), and 104.5 μg/l (2.51–543 μg/l, n = 6), respectively. Average concentrations and relative fluorescent intensity of humic substances in groundwater are 25.381 QSU
(quinine standard unit) and 17.78 in the Bengal delta plain, 184.032 QSU and 128.41 in the Chianan plain, and 77.56 QSU and
53.43 in the Lanyang plain. Moreover, FT-IR analysis shows that the humic substances extracted from the Chianan plain groundwater
contain phenolic, alkanes, aromatic ring and amine groups, which tend to form metal carbon bonds with As and other trace elements.
By contrast, the spectra show that humic substances are largely absent from sediments and groundwater in the Bengal delta
plain and Lanyang plain. The data suggest that the reductive dissolution of As-adsorbed Mn oxyhydroxides is the most probable
mechanism for mobilization of As in the Bengal delta plain. However, in the Chianan plain and Lanyang plain, microbially mediated
reductive dissolution of As-adsorbed amorphous/crystalline Fe oxyhydroxides in organic-rich sediments is the primary mechanism
for releasing As to groundwater. High levels of As and humic substances possibly play a critical role in causing the unique
BFD in the Chianan plain of SW Taiwan. 相似文献
93.
Shih-Wei Huang Bing-Mu Hsu Chin-Chun Huang Jung-Sheng Chen 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,174(1-4):427-437
In this study, we investigated the distribution of Legionella in sources of spring water and wastewater throughout Taiwan. Legionella were detected with culture method and PCR method from water samples, combined with molecular methods that allow the taxonomic identification of Legionella species. Factors associated with the distribution of Legionella including the physical?Cchemical and microbiological water quality characteristics were also measured. Legionella were detected in 18 of the 68 samples. Additionally, 16 of the 68 samples analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and eight of the 68 samples evaluated using the culture method were found to be positive for Legionella. The Legionella species identified included Legionella pneumophila, unnamed Legionella genotypes, uncultured Legionella spp., and Legionella lytica. Legionella species were found in water with temperatures ranging from 10.0 to 50.6??C and with pH values ranging from 5.59 to 9.32. Significant differences (Mann?CWhitney U test, P?<?0.05) were observed in the presence/absence of Legionella in samples with different pH values when Legionella were detected by the culture method. The results of this survey confirmed that Legionella is ubiquitous in the water of spring recreational areas in Taiwan. Long-term investigations of the occurrence of Legionella in hot spring recreational areas throughout Taiwan are needed. 相似文献
94.
Sun-Kyu Kim In-Young Yang David K. Hsu Kil-Sung Lee Kwang-Hee Im 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2009,22(6):860-863
When propagating in the thickness direction of composite laminates, shear ultrasonic waves are particularly sensitive to layup sequence in the cured CF/Epoxy composite laminates manufactured from unidirectional prepregs and are interacting with the polarization direction of propagating through its thickness. The strength and stiffness in laminates often are attributable to the specific fiber orientation and layup sequence. So the layup orientation greatly influences its properties in a composite laminate. There is a good correlation between the model and the non-destructive ultrasonic technique developed to inspect the sequence error of cured symmetric layups of the laminates. The physical model is based on the decomposition and recombination of shear polarization. Non-destructive evaluation capabilities are highly desirable for reusing unidirectional prepreg sheets. 相似文献
95.
A study of silicon carbide synthesis from waste serpentine 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
There are 60000 tons of serpentine wastes produced in year 2004 in Taiwan. This is due to the well-developed joints in the serpentine ore body as well as the stringent requirements of the particle size and chemical composition of serpentine by iron making company. The waste also creates considerable environmental problems. The purpose of this study is reutilization of waste serpentine to produce a high value silica powder after acid leaching. These siliceous microstructure products obtained from serpentine would be responsible for high reactivity and characteristic molecular sieving effect. In this study, the amorphous silica powder was then synthesized to silicon carbide with the C/SiO(2) molar ratio of 3. The experiment results show that silicon carbide can be synthesized in 1550 degrees C. The formed silicon carbide was whisker beta type SiC which can be used as raw materials for industry. 相似文献
96.
With the urgency of global warming, green supply chain management, logistics in particular, has drawn the attention of researchers. Although there are closed-loop green logistics models in the literature, most of them do not consider the uncertain environment in general terms. In this study, a generalized model is proposed where the uncertainty is expressed by fuzzy numbers. An interval programming model is proposed by the defined means and mean square imprecision index obtained from the integrated information of all the level cuts of fuzzy numbers. The resolution for interval programming is based on the decision maker (DM)’s preference. The resulting solution provides useful information on the expected solutions under a confidence level containing a degree of risk. The results suggest that the more optimistic the DM is, the better is the resulting solution. However, a higher risk of violation of the resource constraints is also present. By defining this probable risk, a solution procedure was developed with numerical illustrations. This provides a DM trade-off mechanism between logistic cost and the risk. 相似文献
97.
C.-K. Yang J.-C. Shih W.-M. Hsu S.-S. Peng M.-K. Shyu C.-N. Lee F.-J. Hsieh 《黑龙江环境通报》2005,25(10):872-875
Diaphragmatic eventration is the upward displacement of the abdominal viscera secondary to a thin or paralytic diaphragm. Its clinical presentations and radiographic pictures are similar to those of diaphragmatic hernia. Prenatal diagnosis of diaphragmatic eventration is extremely rare. A pregnant woman was referred to us because of abnormal cardiac findings noted at 20 weeks of gestation. A diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection was made on the basis of our findings of right atrial enlargement with an abnormal vascular channel drainage to it. The infant was born via cesarean section at 40 weeks and developed complications of cyanosis immediately after birth. Postnatal imaging studies and surgical findings disclosed right side diaphragmatic eventration with liver and associated vasculature upward displacement into the right pleural cavity. The cardiac structure was otherwise normal. We conclude that when an abnormal vessel tracing and unexplainable cardiac chamber asymmetry is encountered, diaphragmatic eventration should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses. Correct recognition and transferral to the hospital for neonatal assistance may lead to timely and appropriate management of these fetuses. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
98.
Tsang‐Jung Chang Ming‐Hsi Hsu Wei‐Hsien Teng Chen‐Jia Huang 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2000,36(5):975-988
ABSTRACT: A distributed watershed model combining kinematic wave routing, 1‐D dynamic channel‐flow routing, and 2‐D diffusive overland‐flow routing has been developed to simulate flooding and inundation levels of large watersheds. The study watershed was linked to a GIS database and was divided into an upstream mountainous area and a downstream alluvial plain. A kinematic wave routing was adopted at the mountainous area to compute the discharge flowing into the alluvial plain. A 1‐D dynamic channel routing solving the St. Venant equations by the Preissmann method was performed for the main channel of the alluvial plain, whereas a 2‐D overland‐flow routing solving the diffusion wave equation with the Alternating Direction Explicit scheme was used for floodplains. The above two routings were connected by weir‐link discharge formula. The parameters in the model were calibrated and independently verified by single‐event storms. An example application of flooding/inundation analysis was conducted for the Taichung station and the Woozi depot (Taiwan High Speed Rail). Suggested inundation‐proofing measures ‐ including raising ground surface elevation of the station and depot and building a waterproofing exterior wall and their combination ‐ were investigated. It was concluded that building the waterproofing exterior wall had a strong tendency to decrease peak inundation depth. 相似文献
99.
Experimental results obtained to date indicate electrokinetic extraction is viable in removing organic and inorganic contaminants
from fine-grained soils. However, electrochemical reactions and soil-contaminant interactions that occur simultaneously may
enhance or reduce the removal efficiency of the hazardous waste site remediation process. Many sites worldwide are contaminated
by lead and its compounds, resulting in lead poisoning. It is difficult to remove lead from fine-grained soil because of the
existence of a great variety of lead complexes and their pH-dependent and reversible physicochemical properties. The feasibility
of electrokinetic extraction of lead from kaolinites is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally in this
study. This is the first paper of two companion papers presenting the theoretical and numerical modeling of the transport
of lead species, and electrochemical reactions and soil-contaminant interactions occurring during the electrokinetic extraction
process. The comparison between simulation results and experimental results is presented in the second paper. 相似文献
100.
Laboratory experiments on waveform inversion of an internal solitary wave over a slope-shelf 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Internal solitary waves (ISWs) have been detected in many parts of the world oceans, particularly over slope-shelf topography,
on which signature of waveform inversion has been identified. The effects of these waves on engineering operations and ecological
process have also been reported in the literature. This article reports the results of a series of numerical modeling and
laboratory experiments on waveform evolution of a depression ISW in a nearly stratified two-layer fluid system, in which specific
water depth ratios above the horizontal plateau of the trapezoidal obstacle were arranged to facilitate the occurrence of
waveform inversion. Classifications of waveform instability (no instability, shear instability and overturning with breaking)
on the slope are confirmed in the present laboratory study. Numerical results for waveform variation are also found in fair
agreement with the laboratory measurements for cases without waveform inversion and minor internal breaking. Moreover, laboratory
results revealed that the depth ratio of the stratified two-layer fluid above the plateau and the magnitude of the incident
ISW were the two most important factors for promoting waveform inversion beyond a turning point, in addition to the requirement
of a sufficient distance from the shoulder of the trapezoidal obstacle. These factors also influenced the outcome of the shoaling
process, energy dissipation, internal wave breaking and turbulent mixing on the front slope, as well as the likelihood of
waveform inversion on the horizontal plateau. Contrary to the common perception, it was also observed, at least from the results
of the present laboratory experiments, that not all the incident ISWs of depression would produce waveform inversion on the
plateau, where the upper layer was physical greater than the bottom layer, unless moderate incident wave was provided. The
outcome might also be attributed to the limited distance from the shoulder onto the plateau in the present laboratory setup.
However, once waveform inversion occurred on the plateau, it was found, among others, that: (1) the amplitude of the transmitted
leading crest and trough might be as low as 30 and 20%, respectively, to the amplitude of the incident wave in depression;
(2) the characteristic wavelength of the transmitted leading trough doubled while that of the crest was asymptotically one-half
of the incident wavelength, despite the wide range variation in the depth ratios above the plateau; and (3) the transmitted
potential wave energy of the leading crest contained 30% of the incident energy. Based on the results of present laboratory
experiments, the range for the non-dimensional parameter α, which indicates the effect of nonlinearity and the promotion of waveform inversion on horizontal plateau, will be proposed. 相似文献