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21.
Dechlorination of PCBs in the simulative transformer oil by microwave-hydrothermal reaction with zero-valent iron involved 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The conventional hydrothermal reaction with iron powder, NaOH and H2O as reactants was reported to occur at temperature above 423 K, and iron oxides (Fe3O4 and NaFeO2) and hydrogen were produced. In this study, microwave heating was adopted to take the place of conventional heating to induce the hydrothermal reaction. Under microwave irradiation, NaOH and H2O absorbed microwave energy by space charge polarization and dipolar polarization and instantly converted it into thermal energy, which initiated the hydrothermal reaction that involved with zero-valent iron. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis found Fe3O4/NaFeO2 and confirmed the occurrence of microwave-induced hydrothermal reaction. The developed microwave-hydrothermal reaction was employed for the dechlorination of PCBs. Hexadecane containing 100 mg L−1 of Aroclor1254 was used as simulative transformer oil, and the dechlorination of PCBs was evaluated by GC/ECD, GC/MS and ion chromatography. For PCBs in 10 mL simulative transformer oil, almost complete dechlorination was achieved by 750 W microwave irradiation for 10 min, with 0.3 g iron powder, 0.3 g NaOH and 0.6 mL H2O added. The effects of important factors including microwave power and the amounts of reactants added, on the dechlorination degree were investigated, moreover, the dechlorination mechanism was suggested. Microwave irradiation combined with the common and cheap materials, iron powder, NaOH and H2O, might provide a fast and cost-effective method for the treatment of PCBs-containing wastes. 相似文献
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23.
Aging and compressibility of municipal solid wastes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The expansion of a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill requires the ability to predict settlement behavior of the existing landfill. The practice of using a single compressibility value when performing a settlement analysis may lead to inaccurate predictions. This paper gives consideration to changes in the mechanical compressibility of MSW as a function of the fill age of MSW as well as the embedding depth of MSW. Borehole samples representative of various fill ages were obtained from five boreholes drilled to the bottom of the Qizhishan landfill in Suzhou, China. Thirty-one borehole samples were used to perform confined compression tests. Waste composition and volume-mass properties (i.e., unit weight, void ratio, and water content) were measured on all the samples. The test results showed that the compressible components of the MSW (i.e., organics, plastics, paper, wood and textiles) decreased with an increase in the fill age. The in situ void ratio of the MSW was shown to decrease with depth into the landfill. The compression index, Cc, was observed to decrease from 1.0 to 0.3 with depth into the landfill. Settlement analyses were performed on the existing landfill, demonstrating that the variation of MSW compressibility with fill age or depth should be taken into account in the settlement prediction. 相似文献
24.
NaCl和KCl对厌氧污泥抑制的动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在厌氧颗粒污泥和厌氧絮状污泥系统中,进行盐质量浓度(NaCl或KCl质量浓度,下同)对厌氧污泥抑制动力学的研究,得到不同拟合的COD降解动力学方程及参数.实验结果表明:当盐质量浓度为10~30 g/L时,KCl对厌氧污泥的COD比降解速率的抑制程度大于NaCl;当盐质量浓度由0 g/L增至10 g/L时,半速率常数逐渐增加;当盐质量浓度由10 g/L增至30 g/L时,半速率常数逐渐减小;在厌氧污泥系统中,NaCl抑制作用下的盐抑制常数高于KCl,且颗粒污泥的盐抑制常数高于絮状污泥. 相似文献
25.
刘克 《再生资源与循环经济》2013,6(4)
分析了我国废纸回收行业的发展现状及存在问题,提出了提高我国废纸回收和利用率的具体措施,并以江苏省为例,介绍了其建设废纸回收体系的具体做法. 相似文献
26.
Xα21基因导入水稻及转基因植株的鉴定 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
以水稻愈伤组织为受体、质粒pCXK1301为Xα21基因供体,用农杆菌EHA105和PDS-1000/He基因枪转化受体,经Hyg浓度梯度筛选,获得一些转基因水稻植株,GUS检测、PCR扩增和Southern杂交分析表明,报告基因(GUS)、选择标记基因(Hyg^r)和抗白叶枯病基因Xα21都已整合入转化水稻基因组中,Southern杂分析显示了Xα21基因在转化水稻基因组中整合的拷贝数。田间接菌鉴定表现抗白叶枯病。 相似文献
27.
无线传感器网络在环境监测中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了一种基于无线传感器网络的环境监测系统组成及架构,讨论了系统网络节点、网关的硬件设计,并对基于TinyOS的应用程序组件结构和节点工作流程做了说明。 相似文献
28.
生态文明制度体系是由制度构成的一个相互配合、有机联系的整体。本文基于文献统计分析与实地调研咨询,从广义和狭义层面,分别对生态文明制度进行梳理。根据国家生态文明建设需求与省级层面实际情况,本文将广义的生态文明制度体系分为源头保护制度体系、损害赔偿与激励体系、追责考评制度体系和污染治理制度体系四大板块,并针对国家与省级重点生态文明制度,构建生态资源保护制度链与污染防治制度链。同时,对制度地位、制度衔接、相互关系及其优化选择进行分析,以提高环境管理效能,推进生态文明研究纵深发展。 相似文献
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