Isolation and characterization of a strain with high microbial attachment in aerobic granular sludge

Aerobic granule is a special microbial aggregate associated with biofilm structure. The formation of aerobic granular sludge is primarily depending on its bacterial community and relevant microbiological properties. In this experiment, a strain with high microbial attachment was isolated from aerobic granular sludge, and the detailed characteristics were examined. Its high attachment ability could reach 2.34 (OD_600nm), while other low attachment values were only around 0.06-0.32, which indicated a big variation among the different bacteria. The strain exhibited a very special morphology with many fibric fingers under SEM observation. A distinctive behaviour was to form a spherical particle by themselves, which would be very beneficial for the formation and development of granular sludge. The EPS measurement showed that its PN content was higher than low attachment bacteria, and 3D-EEM confirmed that there were some different components. Based on the 16S rRNA analysis, it was identified to mostly belong to Stenotrophomonas. Its augmentation to particle sludge cultivation demonstrated that the strain could significantly promote the formation of aerobic granule. Conclusively, it was strongly suggested that it might be used as a good and potential model strain or chassis organism for the aerobic granular sludge formation and development.     

Spatiotemporal variations of dissolved organic matter in a typical multi-source watershed in northern China: a fluorescent evidence

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The amount of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a multi-source watershed is important for complete management and assessing the river basin’s...     

Prefabrication decisions of the construction supply chain under government subsidies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Prefabrication has been generating increasing interest as a cleaner production strategy to promote sustainable development. Alongside this trend,...     

某高密度街区大气颗粒物质量浓度分布特征实测研究

为研究城市高密度街区大气颗粒物浓度分布特征,2019年秋季对上海市某高密度街区道路大气颗粒物浓度、空气温度、相对湿度、地理位置、车辆与道路图像视频信息进行了同步移动在线监测,并结合街区内固定站数据和后向轨迹模拟结果,总结了影响街区大气颗粒物浓度变化的主要因素。结果表明:城市大气颗粒物背景拟合值处于较低水平时,街区内的大气颗粒物浓度变化和影响因素易被识别;机动车污染源对大气颗粒物浓度贡献大,其中大型机动车的影响明显;户外施工和道路清扫会引起大气颗粒物浓度上升,其中PM₁₀上升更明显;交通密度大的十字路口大气颗粒物浓度通常较高;城市高架的盖状结构会阻碍大气颗粒物在垂直方向上的扩散,引起局部大气颗粒物浓度上升;街区内高大浓密的乔木对近地面的大气颗粒物屏蔽效果不理想,甚至有助于颗粒物累积;早晚高峰时段大气颗粒物浓度较非高峰时段高。     

节能型焦化污水生物脱氮新工艺的生产性试验研究

采用节能型生物脱氮新工艺对黑龙江某焦化厂的污水处理站进行生产性试验研究,结果表明:处理后出水达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级,并可回用于熄焦。该工艺适合推广应用于焦化污水、垃圾渗滤液、养殖、化肥等高含氮有机污水的处理。     

捷安肽素对采后柑桔青绿霉菌的抑制效果及作用机理

将枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis) ZK菌株发酵产物捷安肽素用于柑桔采后的生物防治,研究了不同浓度、不同接入时间的捷安肽素对柑桔青霉菌(Penicillium italium)和绿霉菌(P. Digitaum)的抑制效果,并与常用化学杀菌剂抑霉唑、咪鲜胺、甲基硫菌灵和多菌灵作比较. PDA平板上,柑桔绿霉菌比青霉菌对捷安肽素敏感.在柑桔果实上, 53.86 μg/mL捷安肽素处理下,柑桔青霉病和绿霉病的发病率分别为5%和5.28%,比对照低95%和94.72%.柑桔青霉病和绿霉病的病情指数分别为1.87和2.18,比对照低73.73和97.82.捷安肽素作用于柑桔绿霉菌1 h内,菌丝体内K 含量迅速下降,为对照绿霉菌K 含量的37.53%, 1 h后菌丝体内K 含量变化趋于平缓.捷安肽素作用于柑桔绿霉菌12 h内蛋白质、核酸缓慢泄漏, 12 h后蛋白质、核酸含量变化趋于平缓.实验结果表明:捷安肽素可以迅速改变绿霉菌细胞膜通透性.     

江苏省宿迁市某监测井地下水砷超标原因研究

江苏宿迁市中部某远离工业企业的监测井地下水砷（As）指标连续多期次超《地下水质量标准》（GB/T 14848—2017）Ⅳ类标准限值。为探究该监测井地下水As长期超标原因,通过在监测井附近新钻取岩芯沉积物中不同形态As的提取实验,结合新井和监测井中地下水的同步取样与水质参数的测试,系统分析了监测井点位地下水As超标的原因。研究结果发现,离监测井5 m处的新井地下水As质量浓度不超标,而监测井中As仍超标。对比新井和监测井的水质参数与沉积物中As的赋存形态发现,在还原性和弱碱性的环境条件下,地下水类型及地层沉积物中碳酸盐结合态的变化可能对地下水As质量分数有明显的影响,而铁-锰氧化物结合态与有机物-硫化物结合态的变化对As质量分数超标影响则有限。此外,不排除可能受到成井工艺不规范与监测井受到串层污染的影响。     

DBD反应器关键操作参数对2,4-二氯酚去除的影响

采用同轴喷雾式介质阻挡放电(DBD)反应器处理2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)模拟废水,考察了水质、废水流量、载气流量、放电频率等关键操作参数对2,4-DCP去除的影响。自来水中的CO₃^2-/HCO₃^-能够中和生成的硝酸/亚硝酸(载气含N₂),同时也能清除放电过程中产生的自由基,因而不利于2,4-DCP的去除。在DBD反应器的操作参数中,载气流量对于活性组分的产生及气相到液相的传质有显著影响,是最为关键的操作参数。反应器操作参数的变化会影响放电过程。同轴式反应器和废水雾化对污染物的矿化有利。在废水流量50 mL/min、载气流量15 L/min、放电频率17 kHz的最佳条件下处理60 min,2,4-DCP和TOC的去除率分别为69.77%和31.85%。     

三氯异氰尿酸在窖水中的余氯衰减规律及消毒效果

为保持集雨窖水水质,提高饮用水安全性,采用向窖水中投加三氯异氰尿酸(trichloroisocyanuric acid,TCCA)的消毒方法,检测主体水的余氯衰减规律和微生物的变化情况,重点研究了消毒剂投加量、温度及pH等因素的影响。实验结果表明:余氯衰减过程符合一级动力学模型;随初始氯投加量的增大,水中余氯衰减量增大,余氯衰减系数减小且与初始投加量的倒数成线性正相关;随水中有机物等反应物浓度的降低,余氯衰减量减少,余氯衰减系数减小;随温度的升高,余氯衰减量增大,衰减系数增大;随pH的增大,余氯衰减量减少,衰减系数减小;水中菌落总数的灭活率随消毒剂投加量的增加而增大。当消毒剂浓度为1.5～2.5 mg·L~(-1)时,在60 min内可完成对菌落总数99.0%的灭活;当消毒剂浓度大于2.5 mg·L~(-1)时,在30 min内可完成对菌落总数99.9%的灭活。在pH为6～9时,pH越小,消毒效果越好;在10～30℃时,温度越高,消毒效果越好;水中氨氮存在时,氯胺的生成会减弱短期消毒效果。与传统氯制消毒剂相比,TCCA在窖水消毒方面有较好的应用前景。