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51.
Luciana Picucci Alessandro O. Caffò Andrea Bosco 《Journal of environmental psychology》2011,31(4):430-438
A virtual version of the reorientation task was employed to test new behavioral measures of navigation strategies and spatial confidence within a gender-fair assessment approach. The results demonstrated that, from a behavioral point of view, women had lower level of spatial confidence than men regardless of level of accuracy. Moreover, the way men and women selected spatial strategies depended on the arrangement of spatial cues within the environment. In other terms women relied on landmarks under specific conditions compatible with an adaptive combination/associative model of spatial orientation. Finally, the present study emphasized the importance to assess gender differences taking into account specific affective variables and information selection processing, beyond accuracy. 相似文献
52.
Luciana Möller Fernanda Pedone Valdez Simon Allen Kerstin Bilgmann Shannon Corrigan Luciano B. Beheregaray 《Marine Biology》2011,158(1):113-126
Oceanographic processes play a significant role in shaping the genetic structure of marine populations, but it is less clear
whether they affect genetic differentiation of highly mobile vertebrates. We used microsatellite markers and mtDNA control
region sequences to investigate the spatial genetic structure of short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in southeastern Australia, a region characterised by complex oceanographic conditions associated with the East Australian
Current (EAC). A total of 115 biopsy samples of dolphins were collected from six localities spanning approximately 1,000 km
of the New South Wales (NSW) coastline. We found evidence for contrasting genetic diversity and fine-scale genetic structure,
characterised by three genetically differentiated populations with varying levels of admixture. Spatial genetic structure
was not explained by a model of isolation by distance, instead it coincides with main patterns of oceanographic variation
along the EAC. We propose that common dolphins along the EAC may be adapted to three water masses recently characterised in
this region. 相似文献
53.
The future of payments for environmental services 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ferraro PJ 《Conservation biology》2011,25(6):1134-1138
54.
Ghisi Nde C Ramsdorf WA Ferraro MV de Almeida MI Ribeiro CA Cestari MM 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,180(1-4):589-599
Diverse genetic biomarkers have been used to evaluate the effects of pollution by mutagenic agents such as metals and pesticides, as well as a large variety of chemical substances derived from human activities. This work researched the effects that an exposure of 60 days to the insecticide Fipronil (concentrations of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.23 μg/L) can cause in the fish Rhamdia quelen using Comet assay with gills, histopathological analysis of gills and the Piscine Micronucleus test and Nuclear Morphological Alterations. The results for the Comet assay and for gills histopathological injuries showed no difference between the control group and the contaminated groups. In the Piscine Micronucleus test, the smallest concentration of Fipronil (0.05 μg/L) was similar as the control group, while concentrations of 0.10 and 0.23 μg/L caused more damage to the DNA. These results suggested that only the highest concentrations of Fipronil tested cause damage in erythrocytes, but none of these concentrations was sufficient to alter the DNA in the gill cells. R. quelen may be a less sensitive bioindicator than other fish that have been tested. On the other hand, the concentrations used may not have been sufficient to detect alterations in the DNA of R. quelen with the chosen tests. Works like this take on great importance given the enormous quantity of substances that are thrown daily into the environment in an uncontrolled way, without evaluation of the consequences. The application of these tests with other concentrations, tissues and exposure times is suggested for future works. 相似文献
55.
The development of an analytical framework relating agricultural conditions and ecosystem services (ES) provision could be very useful for developing land-use systems which sustain natural resources for future use. According to this, a conceptual network was developed, based on literature review and expert knowledge, about the functional relationships between agricultural management and ES provision in the Pampa region (Argentina). We selected eight ES to develop this conceptual network: (1) carbon (C) balance, (2) nitrogen (N) balance, (3) groundwater contamination control, (4) soil water balance, (5) soil structural maintenance, (6) N2O emission control, (7) regulation of biotic adversities, and (8) biodiversity maintenance. This conceptual network revealed a high degree of interdependence among ES provided by Pampean agroecosystems, finding two trade-offs, and two synergies among them. Then, we analyzed the conceptual network structure, and found that both environmental and management variables influenced ES provision. Finally, we selected four ES to parameterize and quantify along 10 growing seasons (2000/2001–2009/2010) through a probabilistic methodology called Bayesian Networks. Only N balance was negatively impacted by agricultural management; while C balance, groundwater contamination control, and N2O emission control were not. Outcomes of our work emphasize the idea that qualitative and quantitative methodologies should be implemented together to assess ES provision in Pampean agroecosystems, as well as in other agricultural systems. 相似文献
56.
Pereira Diogo Rocha Luciana S. Gil María V. Otero Marta Silva Nuno J. O. Esteves Valdemar I. Calisto Vânia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(15):18314-18327
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The main goal of this work was to produce an easily recoverable waste-based magnetic activated carbon (MAC) for an efficient removal of the... 相似文献
57.
58.
Steven P. Ferraro Richard C. Swartz Faith A. Cole Waldemar A. Deben 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1994,29(2):127-153
The optimum macrobenthic sampling protocol [sampling unit, sieve mesh size, and sample size (n)] was determined for detecting ecologically important pollution impacts in the Southern California Bight, U.S.A. Cost, in laboratory processing time, was determined for samples obtained using fourteen sampling units (0.005–0.1 m2 surface area) and two sieve mesh sizes (1.0 and 0.5 mm). Statistical power analyses for t-tests of means were performed to estimate the minimum sample size (n
min) needed to reliably (=0.05, 1–0.95) reject the null hypothesis of no difference between a reference and both a stimulated and a degraded station on twelve measures of community structure. The optimum sampling protocol for detecting impacts was determined as that with the lowest total cost ×n
min on most measures.Five replicate, 0.02 m2×5 cm deep, 1.0 mm mesh samples per station could reliably distinguish reference from impacted conditions on nine or ten measures of community structure at less than one quarter of the cost of the standard sampling protocol of 5 replicate, 0.1 m2, 1.0 mm mesh samples per station. About 5 replicate, small (<0.1 m2), 1.0 mm mesh samples per station may often be optimal for detecting important structural changes in macrobenthic communities with naturally high species richness and abundance. 相似文献
59.
A More Cost-Effective Emap Benthic Macrofaunal Sampling Protocol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Benthic macrofaunal sampling protocols in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Program (EMAP) are to collect 30 to 50 random benthic macrofauna [defined as animals retained on a 0.5 mm (East and Gulf Coasts,
USA) or a 1.0 mm mesh sieve (West Coast, USA)] samples per reporting unit using a 0.044 m2 (East and Gulf Coasts) or 0.1 m2 (West Coast) grab. Benthic macrofaunal community conditions in the reporting unit are characterized by cumulative distribution
functions (CDFs) on end points of interest, such as number of species (S), abundance (A), and Shannon--Wiener diversity (H′). An EMAP and a companion field study were conducted concurrently in Tillamook Bay (Oregon, USA) to compare the cost effectiveness
of benthic macrofauna samples collected using the EMAP West Coast (0.1 m2 × ≥7 cm deep, 1.0 mm mesh), a 0.01 m2 × 5 cm deep, 1.0 mm mesh, and a 0.01 m2 × 5 cm deep, 0.5 mm mesh sampling protocol. Cost was estimated in relative laboratory sample-processing time. Sampling protocols
were judged equally effective for EMAP purposes if, after linear transformation to adjust for scale changes in end point distributions,
their S, A, and H′ CDFs were not significantly different. The 0.01 m2 × 5 cm deep, 1.0 mm mesh sampling protocol was the most cost effective. 相似文献
60.
Ferraro Aniello Garofalo Antonio Marchesano Katia 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2023,30(1):81-101
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - The study analyses the economic and environmental performance of the 353 municipalities in the region of Campania in waste disposal and collection... 相似文献