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71.
This paper presents daily, monthly and yearly variations of PAH mass concentrations measured in PM(10) particle fraction, collected at one measuring site in Zagreb air between 2001 and 2004, and seasonal differences in PAH mass concentrations in PM(10) samples collected from 21 March 2003 to 20 March 2004. Twenty-four hour samples were taken in the northern residential part of Zagreb using a low-volume (50 m(3)) sampler and glass or quartz filters. The analysis was performed using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and fluorescence detector with changeable excitation and emission wavelength. The annual average mass concentrations over the four-year measuring period for BaP ranged from 1.17 ng/m(3) in 2004 to 1.87 ng/m(3) in 2003 and were below the limit value (2 ng/m(3)) set by the Ordinance on Recommended and Limit Air Quality Values in Croatia. The highest concentrations of all PAHs measured in PM(10) samples collected from 21 March 2003 to 20 March 2004 were found in the winter and the lowest in the summer. Winter average of BaP was 2.94 ng/m(3) and summer average 0.12 ng/m(3). Autumn average was 2.76 ng/m(3) and was very similar to winter concentrations. Spring average of 0.58 ng/m(3) was higher than the summer average (0.12 ng/m(3)). Mass concentrations of all measured PAHs were much higher in the autumn than in the spring. Although annual averages for BaP did not exceed the limit value, autumn and winter BaP mass concentrations did, which calls for measures for reducing PAH emissions in the autumn and winter. 相似文献
72.
Exploitation of certain resources within a protected area on a sustainable basis could contribute to higher living standards
of rural people, particularly those in poor countries, and decrease conflicts between these populations and park authorities.
This article presents data from a case study of Kopaonik National Park (NP), Serbia, which is a park with natural resources,
most notably bilberries, which have always been relied on by local people. Vaccinium myrtillus traditionally has been collected for decades in Kopaonik NP and used by local people. However, little is known about the
socioeconomic and ecological relations that affect the collection and use of this species. The aim of the present study was
to understand how local people collect bilberries in Kopaonik NP and what their attitudes toward the park are. Household questionnaire
data were used to examine how local people collect bilberries and how to improve the relations between local people and NP
authorities. The survey questionnaire included 52 households from 7 local communities, and we applied a purposive sampling
strategy. In addition, expert interviews were conducted, and from these data we obtained a broader understanding of the relation
between local people and NP authorities. The results indicate that in Kopaonik NP, there is a conflict between pickers and
NP authorities. Sustainable management should be directed toward the protection of bilberries. Education of local people is
a key element in the sustainable collection and protection of natural resources. 相似文献
73.
Matijaković Mlinarić Nives Selmani Atiđa Brkić Antun Lovro Njegić Džakula Branka Kralj Damir Kontrec Jasminka 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(4):2235-2242
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Plastic pollution in water ecosystems is threatening the survival of wildlife. In particular, microplastics may be encapsulated into calcium carbonate, a crucial... 相似文献
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Marija Sarić-Krsmanović Jelena Gajić Umiljendić Ljiljana Radivojević Ljiljana Šantrić Ivana Potočnik Rada Đurović-Pejčev 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(4):247-251
The evaluation of the inhibition effect exerted by the essential oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum), sage (Salvia officinalis), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea) on seeds germination and early seedling growth of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) weed was examined in a laboratory bioassay. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized chemically by gas chromatography coupled with both mass spectrometry and flame ionization detector. The working solutions of essential oil emulsified with Tween 20 and dissolved in distilled water were prepared at three concentration levels (0.01%, 0.1% and 1%, vol/vol). The results obtained showed that increase of essential oil concentration leads to decrease of seed germination, shoot and radical length of velvetleaf. The obtained data revealed a highly significant effect (P?<?0.05) between control and 1% and 0.1% oil concentrations in all treatments. The essential oils of basil, thyme and lemon balm exhibited more powerful bio-herbicidal effect compared to sage and goldenrod essential oils on the germination and early seedling growth of velvetleaf weed. 相似文献
76.
Hadzisehović M Miljević N Sipka V Golobocanin D 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1992,77(1):23-30
An overview of environmental distribution of tritium in the Danube basin in Yugoslavia during the period 1976-1990 is presented. Temporal and regional variations of environmental tritium in the Danube along its flow (1425-847 km from the confluence) and its tributaries (the Sava, the Tisa, the Velika Morava and the Timok) at various locations, as well as in alluvial groundwaters, are given. In Belgrade, monthly values of tritium in rainfall ranged from 1.1 to 18.3 Bq litre(-1), with a maximum in the late spring and early summer months. The half-life for decline in concentration was estimated as 8.3+/-1.0 years. The total amount of tritium deposited in the first 6 months during 1976-90 was 35% larger than in the second 6 months for the same period. Seasonal variations were noticeable in rivers and groundwaters, but these were greatly attenuated and smoothed for the latter. Tritium content in the monthly composite samples from the river in the Belgrade region varied between 2.5 and 18.2 Bq litre(-1) for the Danube and from 1.5 to 16.8 Bq litre(-1) for the Sava. The yearly mean values along the Danube and its tributaries ranged from 2.4 to 15.9 Bq litre(-1) with individual measurements 1.0-30.2 Bq litre(-1). The half-lives were between 6.9+/-1.7 for the Velika Morava and 9.4+/-0.9 for the Danube. Groundwaters, particularly ones in the Ranney wells, followed changes of tritium content in the rivers with a time lag from a few days to a month. During the period of observation, tritium content decreased in alluvial waters with half-lives from 9.9+/-1.6 (Belgrade area) to 7.3+/-1.8 (the Velika Morava). 相似文献
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