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31.
Chelli–Cheheb Razika Arzarello Marta Arnaud Julie Berto Claudio Cáceres Isabel Caracausi Sandro Colopi Francesco Daffara Sara Canini Guido Montanari Huguet Rosa Karambatsou Theodora Sala Benedetto Zambaldi Maurizio Berruti Gabriele L. F. 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2020,107(4):1-13
The Science of Nature - Female-only colour polymorphism is rare in birds, but occurs in brood parasitic cuckoos (Cuculidae). Obligate brood parasites leave incubation and parental care to other... 相似文献
32.
Rita Berto Maria Rosa Baroni Alessandra Zainaghi Sandro Bettella 《Journal of environmental psychology》2010,30(4):494-500
According to attention restoration theory attentional fatigue can be renewed in environments where fascinating stimuli are present as they evoke effortless attention and allow directed attention to rest and be restored. The present study hypothesizes that performing an attention-orienting task in a state of attentional fatigue costs less in a high fascination than in a low fascination condition. In the former attentional shifts are expected to be facilitated because one can function in the involuntary mode. The high fascination condition is also expected to facilitate attention in the coding process and therefore to affect the likelihood of stimulus material to be remembered. To this end 31 subjects were mentally fatigued by performing a sustained attention test. Then they performed an ad hoc attention-orienting task inspired by Posner's paradigm and applied to 40 photographs of environments already assessed for their fascination value. Finally they performed an incidental memory task. As expected, only in the high fascination condition did participants show a significant benefit (reaction time reduction) in shifting attention between trials. The role of fascination on recall is less clear since it interacts with the naturalness of the scene. 相似文献
33.
The presence of biphenyl was investigated in sediments and water in Paranagua Bay. Chemicals compounds like biphenyl can cause several effects on the ecosystems such as bioaccumulation. Biphenyl and similar compounds are subject to bioaccumulation, which in turn may harm the local ecosystem. The bioaccumulation in the local trophic chain was evaluated using a mathematical model based on toxicokinetic properties of the compound in the organisms. The results showed that even in water, the concentration of biphenyl was high, 0.82 ng/L. Also, in the fishes, the concentrations calculated by the model were higher than the maximum than the maximum allowed for human consumption. 相似文献
34.
Andrea Massari Marta Beggio Sandro Hreglich Riccardo Marin Stefano Zuin 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(10):1897-1907
In order to assess the potential impacts posed by products containing engineered nanoparticles, it is essential to generate more data about the release of these particles from products’ life cycle. Although first studies were performed to investigate the release of nanoparticles from use phase, very few data are available on the potential release from recycling or disposal of nano-enhanced products.In this work, we investigated the behavior of TiO2 nanoparticles from incineration of solid paint waste containing these particles. Solid paint debris with and without TiO2 nanoparticles were treated in a lab scale incineration plant at 950 °C (combustion temperature) and in oxidizing atmosphere. The obtained ashes were also vitrified with additives and the release of Ti was finally evaluated by leaching test. From our incineration lab-scale experiment, we did not observe a release of TiO2 nanoparticles into the atmosphere, and Ti was attached to the surface of obtained solid residues (i.e. ashes). The characterization of ashes showed that TiO2 nanoparticles reacted during the incineration to give calcium titanate. Finally, a very low release of Ti was measured, less 1 mg/kg, during the leaching test of ashes vitrified with glass cullet and feldspathic inert. Our work suggests that TiO2 nanoparticles added in paints may undergo to physicochemical transformation during the incineration, and that Ti found in ashes may be strongly immobilized in glass matrix. Since this conclusion is based on lab-scale experiment, further research is required to identify which nanoparticles will be emitted to the environment from a real-word-incineration system of household hazardous waste. 相似文献
35.
Francesco Ferretti Andrea Sforzi Sandro Lovari 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(5):875-887
Interference is expected to occur at feeding areas between species with a similar diet, but few studies have tested this idea
for wild ungulates. We analysed interactions between fallow deer, European roe deer and wild boar, in three sites, in a Mediterranean
area. We expected that interference should be greater between deer than between them and wild boar. We documented the negative
effects of behavioural interference by fallow on foraging behaviour of roe deer, under field conditions. Deer species built
up 90% interference interactions, with fallow always dominant on roe, also through direct aggression. Although roe deer decreased
feeding and increased vigilance levels in proximity (<50 m) of either fallow deer or wild boar, they were displaced significantly
more often by the former than by the latter. Fallow deer were neither displaced nor alarmed by roe and rarely by wild boar.
No deer species displaced wild boar. Interference was significantly greater on solitary roe deer, especially females, in spring
and roe left the feeding ground most often in the smallest site (13 ha). Roe deer avoided areas where the local density of
fallow deer was the highest. During our 4-year-study, roe deer density decreased whereas fallow deer numbers increased. Behavioural
interference may explain how fallow deer outcompete roe deer through spatial exclusion from feeding sites and avoidance of
areas with high densities of the former. Fallow deer evolved in semi-arid, relatively poor habitats of Asia Minor: interspecific
defence of crucial resources could have developed as a beneficial tactic for its survival. 相似文献
36.
37.
Sandro Donnini Mancini Alex Rodrigues Nogueira Dennis Akira Kagohara Jonas Age Saide Schwartzman Tania de Mattos 《Waste management & research》2007,25(6):517-523
The urban solid waste of the city of Indaiatuba (pop. 175 000), located in the state of S?o Paulo, was characterized, focusing on the recycling potential. For this purpose, collected waste was subdivided into 27 items, classified by mass and volume. About 90% of this waste was found to be potentially recyclable and only 10% requiring landfilling. The compostable organic matter, in the form of food and garden waste, both with high moisture content (51 and 41%, respectively), represents 54% in mass and 21% in volume. The most common type of plastic in this waste is high density polyethylene, whose estimated disposal is about 5000kgday(-1). A socio-economic analysis of the waste generation indicates that low-income neighbourhoods discard relatively less packaging and more food waste, shoes and construction debris than middle and high income ones, which may be due to low purchasing power and schooling. Our findings indicate that more aluminium and uncoloured polyethylene terephthalate is discarded in the warmest months of the year, probably due to a greater consumption of canned and bottled drinks. 相似文献
38.
Mark T. Cullen MD Sandro Gabrielli Jacqueline J. Green Nicola Rizzo Maurice J. Mahoney Carolyn Salafia Luciano Bovicelli John C. Hobbins 《黑龙江环境通报》1990,10(10):643-651
Thirty cases of cervical cystic hygroma were diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy. Karyotype analysis was available in 29 (97 per cent). Fifteen (52 per cent) had a chromosomal abnormality. The ultrasound appearance was described as posterior cervical, lateral cervical, or cervical hygroma with hydrops. Of the 14 euploid embryos, six were electively aborted, two are undelivered, and six have been delivered as phenotypically normal infants. In cases in which the chromosomes were normal and the pregnancy continued, all lesions resolved by 18 weeks. 相似文献
39.
Tatjana Bakran-Petricioli Oleg Antonić Dragan Bukovec Donat Petricioli Ivica Janeković Josip Križan Vladimir Kušan Sandro Dujmović 《Ecological modelling》2006
Within the framework of the 3-year project “Mapping the habitats of the Republic of Croatia” the marine benthic habitats of the entire Croatian maritory were mapped. The supralittoral and the mediolittoral were mapped as a function of the coastal lithology and the presumed levels of human impact (both in scale of 1:100,000). The infralittoral was mapped on the basis of spatial modelling (using neural networks as a modelling tool, data about habitats collected by fieldwork as the independent variable for training and testing the model, and the digital bathymetrical model, the distance from coast, the second spectral channel of Landsat ETM+ satellite image and the sea bottom sea temperature, salinity and current magnitude, as dependent variables). The circalittoral and the bathyal were mapped by overlapping and reinterpretation of the existing spatial databases (bathymetry and lithology) within the framework of the raster-GIS. 相似文献
40.