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71.
Eiko Obuchi Masaki Suyama Katsuyuki Nakano 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2001,3(2):88-92
The catalytic decomposition of mixed plastics consisting of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been
investigated over titania/silica catalysts at 698 K. The yield of oil produced was about 70%, and the large amounts of C18+ hydrocarbons this contained was from the aromatics in PET. Gas was also produced, including C3–C5 hydrocarbons. The carbon-number fractions in the oil was influenced by the PET/(PP + PET) ratios and the catalyst weight.
The titania/silica catalysts could be used repeatedly, and after they had been fouled, could be regenerated. From the Fourier
Transform Infrared (FT–IR) spectroscopic data of adsorbed pyridine on the catalyst surface, most of the acid sites of the
titania/silica catalysts were found to be Lewis sites where the hydride abstracted from PP pyrolysates react with PET pyrolysates
to form oil and gas.
Received: July 19, 2000 / Accepted: October 20, 2000 相似文献
72.
Haruna Nagayoshi Kensaku Kakimoto Yoshimasa Konishi Keiji Kajimura Takeshi Nakano 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16420-16426
2,2′,3,5′,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95) and 2,2′,3,4,4′,5′,6-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB 183) possess axial chirality and form the aS and aR enantiomers. The enantiomers of these congeners have been reported to accumulate in the human body enantioselectively via unknown mechanisms. In this study, we determined the cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase responsible for the enantioselective oxidization of PCB 95 and PCB 183, using a recombinant human CYP monooxygenase. We evaluated 13 CYP monooxygenases, namely CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP4F2, and aromatase (CYP19), and revealed that CYP2A6 preferably oxidizes aS-PCB 95 enantioselectively; however, it did not oxidize PCB 183. The enantiomer composition was elevated from 0.5 (racemate) to 0.54. In addition, following incubation with CYP2A6, the enantiomer fraction (EF) of PCB 95 demonstrated a time-dependent increase. 相似文献
73.
The primary targets of our project are to drastically improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency and to develop new energy storage and delivery technologies. Our approach to obtain an efficiency over 40% starts from the improvement of III-V multi-junction solar cells by introducing a novel material for each cell realizing an ideal combination of bandgaps and lattice-matching. Further improvement incorporates quantum structures such as stacked quantum wells and quantum dots, which allow higher degree of freedom in the design of the bandgap and the lattice strain. Highly controlled arrangement of either quantum dots or quantum wells permits the coupling of the wavefunctions, and thus forms intermediate bands in the bandgap of a host material, which allows multiple photon absorption theoretically leading to a conversion efficiency exceeding 50%. In addition to such improvements, microfabrication technology for the integrated high-efficiency cells and the development of novel material systems that realizes high efficiency and low cost at the same time are investigated. 相似文献
74.
Katsunori Anezaki Takeshi Nakano 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(2):998-1009
The concentration levels and congener profiles of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pentachlorobenzene (PeCBz), and hexachlorobenzene (HxCBz) were assessed in commercially available organic pigments. Among the azo-type pigments tested, PCB-11, which is synthesized from 3,3′-dichlorobendizine, and PCB-52, which is synthesized from 2,2′,5,5′-tetrachlorobendizine, were the major congeners detected. It is speculated that these were byproducts of chlorobendizine, which has a very similar structure. The total PCB concentrations in this type of pigment ranged from 0.0070 to 740 mg/kg. Among the phthalocyanine-type pigments, highly chlorinated PCBs, mainly composed of PCB-209, PeCBz, and HxCBz were detected. Their concentration levels ranged from 0.011 to 2.5 mg/kg, 0.0035 to 8.4 mg/kg, and 0.027 to 75 mg/kg, respectively. It is suggested that PeCBz and HxCBz were formed as byproducts and converted into PCBs at the time of synthesizing the phthalocyanine green. For the polycyclic-type pigments that were assessed, a distinctive PCB congener profile was detected that suggested an impact of their raw materials and the organic solvent used in the pigment synthesis. PCB pollution from PCB-11, PCB-52, and PCB-209 pigments is of particular concern; therefore, the monthly variations in atmospheric concentrations of these pollutants were measured in an urban area (Sapporo city) and an industrial area (Muroran city). The study detected a certain level of PCB-11, which is not included in PCB technical mixtures, and revealed continuing PCB pollution originating from pigments in the ambient air. 相似文献
75.
水中汞监测存在的问题与解决办法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用中日合作 (JICA)项目资金 ,对测定地表水中汞存在的主要问题 ,如水样的保存和处理 ,水样的消解 ,测汞的冷原子吸收法和原子荧光法等进行了研究。通过对 33个环境监测站的样品考核 ,发现测定结果与标准值相比 ,偏高的数据达 75 %以上。提出了用 1%H2 SO4 和 0 1%K2 Cr2 O7保存水样最好 ;高锰酸钾 -过硫酸钾消解法适用于消解含有机物、悬浮物和组成复杂的废水样 ,高锰酸钾 -硫酸消解法适用于消解被有机物轻度污染的废水 ,溴酸钾 -溴化钾消解法适用于消解地表水和含较少有机物的生活污水及工业废水。研究表明 :尤以硫酸 -高锰酸钾 -过硫酸钾消解体系消解地表水和废水效果良好。对冷原子吸收法和原子荧光法中影响汞测定的因素 ,如空白值高、干扰物的消除、载气种类和流量、反应瓶体积和气液比以及反应时间等提出了详尽的解决方法 相似文献
76.
Nakano Katsuyuki Shoki Kosai Yamasue Eiji Takaoka Masaki 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(5):2668-2680
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Appropriate management of waste containing mercury is important. However, reducing greenhouse gases (GHGs) associated with this process is equally... 相似文献