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61.
利用拉曼光谱技术采集不同铅离子暴露时间(0.5,1.5,3,6,12,24h)、暴露浓度(0.05,0.1,0.5,1,5mg/L)下HepG2细胞的光谱数据,欲探究在不同铅暴露条件下肝细胞的分子变化及其相关机制.研究结果发现,在不同条件下各组细胞的光谱形态基本相同,但部分特征峰的吸光度强度存在差异.经多元统计分析发现,除6h外,同一暴露时间下不同暴露浓度细胞的光谱数据在LD1上均存在离散趋势,并在暴露24h时最明显.细胞内蛋白质、脂质、核酸、类胡萝卜素、碳水化合物等生物分子的特征峰表现出明显差异,但不同类型生物分子发生显著变化的时间并不相同.由此可见铅暴露可损伤肝细胞蛋白质、脂质、核酸、类胡萝卜素的结构并影响其正常功能,这种毒性效应呈剂量-效应关系,且随暴露时间的增加而增加.本研究说明拉曼光谱可以实现铅对肝细胞生物分子变化的相关检测,这不仅为之后的细胞毒理研究提供了新的思路,同时也为环境污染物的安全评价提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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To understand how trust in supervisor translates into individual job performance, we hypothesize that trust in supervisor facilitates positive psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety, and availability, which in turn predict individual job performance. We assert that each of the three mediating paths in our model represents a distinct mechanism by which trust in supervisor contributes to individual job performance. We test our hypotheses with 206 supervisor–subordinate dyads and find that trust in supervisor contributes to job performance through psychological availability and psychological safety but not psychological meaningfulness. By examining three different psychological mechanisms within the same frame, we provide a test that compares and contrasts the uniqueness of the three pathways. Our findings suggest practical ways for managers to build trust with subordinates and guidance for the design of productive work conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
64.
Peizi Li Genhua Dai Lu Li 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):52-63
Research on micropore mufflers was started in the middle of the 1970s. In this article we have summarized and systematized what has been done in the past 20 years. Some expressions, derivations, and calculation curves have been formally modified to make them easier to understand and apply. Some new considerations have been added. The main purpose of this article is to introduce the fundamentals, theories, and calculations that are useful for the design of a micropore muffler. Therefore, we have not included any experiments. Direct and indirect experimental proofs can be found in the given relevant references. Micropore mufflers are grouped into two classes, simple micropore mufflers and expansion micropore mufflers. The latter have additional noise reduction due to flow expansion. Noise reduction and flow are two important aspects that have been discussed in detail. 相似文献
65.
Weidong Li Shiqi Li Jacon Chen 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):21-32
Different from walking, ladder climbing requires four-limb coordination and more energy exertion for below-knee amputees (BKAs). We hypothesized that functional deficiency of a disabled limb shall be compensated by the other three intact limbs, showing an asymmetry pattern among limbs. Hand and foot forces of six below-knee amputees and six able-bodied people were collected. Hand, foot and hand/foot sum force variances between groups (non-BKA, intact side and prosthetic side) were carefully examined. Our hypothesis was validated that there is asymmetry between prosthetic and intact side. Results further showed that the ipsilateral hand of the prosthetic leg is stronger than the hand on the intact side, compensating weakness of the prosthetic leg. Effects of ladder rung separations and ladder slant on asymmetric force distribution of BKAs were evaluated, indicating that rung separation has a more significant interactive effect on hand/foot force of BKAs than ladder slant. 相似文献
66.
Yukun Wang Shuifen Zhan Yan Liu Yan Li 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(4):584-588
Objectives. The aim of this article is to reduce the risk of occupational hazards and improve safety conditions by enhancing hazard knowledge and identification as well as improving safety behavior for freight port enterprises. Methods. In the article, occupational hazards to health and their prevention measures of freight port enterprises have been summarized through a lot of occupational health evaluation work, experience and understanding. Results. Workers of freight port enterprises confront an equally wide variety of chemical, physical and psychological hazards in production technology, production environment and the course of labor. Such health hazards have been identified, the risks evaluated, the dangers to health notified and effective prevention measures which should be put in place to ensure the health of the port workers summarized. Discussion. There is still a long way to go for the freight port enterprises to prevent and control the occupational hazards. Except for occupational hazards and their prevention measures, other factors that influence the health of port workers should also be paid attention to, such as age, work history, gender, contraindication and even the occurrence and development rules of occupational hazards in current production conditions. 相似文献
67.
Miao Tian Heekwang Koo Qinwen Xu Jun Li 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):118-126
Effects of work boots and load carriage (6.4?kg and 12.8?kg) on gait pattern were investigated. The protective work boots were examined by comparison with running shoes through human performance tests with 15 male participants. The loads were carried symmetrically and asymmetrically on the shoulder and hand. Statistical data analysis showed a prolonged stance phase and decreased double support for work boots. A significantly increased ground reaction force was found in work boot conditions as the weight of loads increases. This study demonstrates that inflexible and heavy work boots restrict foot movement and require greater torque at the ankle to propel the body forward, which may increase physical strain and the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Development of improved fixation methods for work boots, increased use of flexible protective layers and further study of anthropometry of human foot morphology for improved safety and work efficiency of industry workers are suggested. 相似文献
68.
Li Gang Li Chang Huang De-zheng Yuan Chun-miao 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(1):91-95
The temperature at which coal dust glows is normally much lower than the auto-ignition temperature (AIT) of methane/air mixtures, and thus a better understanding is needed regarding methane/air ignition in a heated environment in the presence of coal particles. A horizontal tube apparatus was used to test the effect of brown coal and two kinds of bituminous and anthracite on methane/air combustibility. For the four coal samples tested, the presence of coal particles significantly reduced the minimum temperature for ignition of methane/air mixtures in a heated environment. No. 1 bituminous coal with 12 mm diameter decreased the ignition temperature value from 595 to 500 °C. It is thought that pre-ignition of low-AIT volatiles emitted from the heated coal particles ignited the methane/air mixtures. Volatiles, sulfur content, and large porosity of piled coal particles all enhanced ignition of methane/air mixtures in a hot environment, while water content and small particle size reduced ignition. For anthracite, no ignition occurred when temperatures of the heated environment were lower than the AIT of methane (595 °C), except for the 12-mm-diameter sample. Anthracite did not readily ignite methane/air mixtures and the ignition mechanism was somewhat similar to that of a burning cigarette. 相似文献
69.
Lei Ma Liang Cheng Manchun Li 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(6):1183-1192
This paper presents a novel quantitative risk analysis process for urban natural gas pipeline networks using geographical information systems (GIS). The process incorporates an assessment of failure rates of integrated pipeline networks, a quantitative analysis model of accident consequences, and assessments of individual and societal risks. Firstly, the failure rates of the pipeline network are calculated using empirical formulas influenced by parameters such as external interference, corrosion, construction defects, and ground movements. Secondly, the impacts of accidents due to gas leakage, diffusion, fires, and explosions are analyzed by calculating the area influenced by poisoning, burns, and deaths. Lastly, based on the previous analyses, individual risks and social risks are calculated. The application of GIS technology helps strengthen the quantitative risk analysis (QRA) model and allows construction of a QRA system for urban gas pipeline networks that can aid pipeline management staff in demarcating high risk areas requiring more frequent inspections. 相似文献
70.