海洋环境中有机锡分析方法研究进展

本文综述了国内外近十年发展起来的海洋环境样品中有机锡 分析技术。对有机锡样品的采集，保存方法，分析预处理程序及最终检测方法作了系统概述。重点介绍了以色谱法为中心的对锡高灵敏，高选择性联用分析技术，从方法的检出限，线性范围等方面讨论了各方法的优缺点及适用范围。     

小分子有机碳源对滴滴涕污染沉积物生物修复作用的基础研究

考察了辽河沉积物p,p'-DDT在无外加碳源和外加乳酸钠或丙酸钠情况下的缺氧生的降解行为，降解过程中体系的pH变化，并测定了p,p'-DDT的主要缺氧降解产物及其浓度变化，结果表现，p,p'-DDT的缺氧脱氯行为符合准一级反应动力学，无外加碳源，DDT的缺氧脱氯降解有近一个月的滞后期，降解速率为k（无碳源）＝0.0082d^-1，而外加碳源物质，大大缩短了DDT缺氧脱氯降解的滞后，降解速率分别为k(乳酸钠）＝0.0917d^-1,k(丙酸钠）＝0.1023d^-1，而且，p,p'-DDT的缺氧还原脱氯行为主要发生在体系中pH上升的阶段，p-p'-DDT缺氧生物降解的主要产物是p,p'-DDD，并有少量的p,p'-DDE产生；p,p'-DDD主要发生在体系中pH上升的阶段，p,p'-DDT缺氧生物降解的主要产物是p,p'-DDD，并有少量的p,p'-DDE产生，p,p'-DDD在后期有降解。     

大连近海沉积物对γ－666的吸附研究

用化学逐级分离法将天然沉积物进行逐级分离。通过γ－６６６与各分级样品间的吸附实验获得了沉积物中各单组分对γ－６６６的吸附等温方程。以单组分吸附等温式为基础，建立了沉积物吸附γ－６６６的多组分吸附等温式。用该多组分吸附等温式获得了沉积物中各组分对γ－６６６的吸附规律、吸附能力及吸附贡献大小等信息。结果表明，多组分吸附等温式具有合理、客观、信息丰富、物理意义明确等特点。     

有机锡污染物在海洋沉积物中的迁移和转化

有机锡是普遍存在于港口海域中的毒性化合物，沉积物是其重要的栖息地。本文综述了有机锡在部分海域沉积物中的分布，介绍了可能存在的吸附和转化机理，以及影响及附和转化的因素。     

生物过滤法处理含氨废气研究

研究了生物过滤法处理含氨废气的技术，实验中考察了气体的停留时间、进气方式、进气中氨浓度等因素对氨法除率的影响，当进气中氨的浓度分别为１５．２、７５．９和１５．２０ｍｇ（ＮＨ３）／ｍ＾３时，生物过滤反应器对氨的去除均在９５％以上，反应时间是３２ｓ，处理后的气体中氨的浓度可以达到国家一级排放标准，对填料中各形态氮浓度的分析证明氨在反应器中的转化以硝化反应为主。     

Contribution of black carbon to nonlinearity of sorption and desorption of acetochlor on sediment

In order to investigate the contribution of various black carbon (BC) contents to nonlinearity of sorption and desorption isotherms for acetochlor on sediment, equilibrium sorption and desorption isotherms were determined to measure sorption and desorption of acetochlor in sediment amended with various amounts of BC. In this paper, two types of BC referred to as BC400 and BC500 were prepared at 400°C and 500°C, respectively. Higher preparation temperature facilitated the formation of micropores on BC to enhance its sorption capacity. Increase of the BC content obviously increased the sorption amount and reduced the desorption amount for acetochlor. When the BC500 contents in total organic carbon (TOC) increased from 0 to 60%, Freundlich sorption coefficient (K _f) increased from 4.07 to 35.74, and desorption hysteresis became gradually obvious.When the content of BC in TOC was lower than 23%, the sorption isotherm had a significant linear correlation (p = 50.05). In case of desorption, a significant nonlinear change could be observed when the content of BC was up to 13%. Increase of BC content in the sediment would result in shifting the sorption-desorption isotherms from linearity to nonlinearity, which indicated that contribution of BC to nonlinear adsorption fraction became gradually remarkable.     

Contribution of black carbon to nonlinearity of sorption and desorption of acetochlor on sediment

In order to investigate the contribution of various black carbon (BC) contents to nonlinearity of sorption and desorption isotherms for acetochlor on sediment, equilibrium sorption and desorption isotherms were determined to measure sorption and desorption of acetochlor in sediment amended with various amounts of BC. In this paper, two types of BC referred to as BC400 and BC500 were prepared at 400°C and 500°C, respectively. Higher preparation temperature facilitated the formation of micropores on BC to enhance its sorption capacity. Increase of the BC content obviously increased the sorption amount and reduced the desorption amount for acetochlor. When the BC500 contents in total organic carbon (TOC) increased from 0 to 60%, Freundlich sorption coefficient (K _f) increased from 4.07 to 35.74, and desorption hysteresis became gradually obvious.When the content of BC in TOC was lower than 23%, the sorption isotherm had a significant linear correlation (p = 50.05). In case of desorption, a significant nonlinear change could be observed when the content of BC was up to 13%. Increase of BC content in the sediment would result in shifting the sorption-desorption isotherms from linearity to nonlinearity, which indicated that contribution of BC to nonlinear adsorption fraction became gradually remarkable.     

The influence of COVID-19 on grid parity of China’s photovoltaic industry

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - With the more efficient involvement of both technology and policy factors in China’s whole industry-chain, the year 2020 is a key period for...     

TiO2/Al2O3复合分离膜的制备及其对染料的去除性能

以孔径为200 nm的Al2O3膜片作为载体,应用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了孔径为50～100 nm的TiO2/Al2O3复合分离膜.用XRD、SEM对TiO2膜的物相、TiO2/Al2O3复合分离膜的形貌等进行了分析和表征.根据XRD分析,用Scherrer公式计算复合分离膜中TiO2粒子的平均粒径为22 nm,其中锐钛矿相占86%,金红石相占14%.同时,应用TEM、EDX、UV-Vis扩散反射光谱对TiO2/Al2O3复合分离膜的微观结构、组成、性质等进行了进一步调查和研究通过应用可溶性染料酸性橙Ⅱ作为目标污染物,对TiO2/Al2O3复合分离膜的分离和光催化性能进行了调查和评价.实验结果表明,应用这种具有光催化能力的复合分离膜,持续处理1000 mL酸性橙Ⅱ溶液(100 mg·L-1)400 min,去除率可达80%以上,相对于单独的光催化技术(65%)或单独的膜分离技术(59%),染料的去除效率明显提高.     

部分PCDDF水溶解度的定量结构-性质关系

以量子化学PM3算法计算得到的12个量子化学参数作为分子结构描述符，运用偏最小二乘分析，首次建立23种PCDD/F水溶解度（logSw)的定量结构-性质关系模型。PCDD/F的Sw随着其分子量的增大而减少；随着其分子最低未占据轨道能（Eluno)的增大而增大，推测PCDD/F分子与水分子之间存在着电荷转移相互作用。