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51.
José Antônio Baptista Neto Thomas Ferreira da Costa Campos Carala Danielle Perreira de Andrade Susanna Eleonora Sichel Estefan Monteiro da Fonseca Akihisa Motoki 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2014,36(6):1199-1203
This work reports on the widespread occurrence of tar balls on a pebble beach of Sueste Bay on Fernando de Noronha Island, a Brazilian national marine park and a preserve in the South Equatorial Atlantic. Environmental regulations preclude regular visitors to the Sueste Bay beach, and the bay is a pristine area without any possible or potential sources of petroleum in the coastal zone. In this work, these tar balls were observed for the first time as they occurred as envelopes around beach pebbles. They are black in color, very hard, have a shell and coral fragment armor, and range in average size from 2 to 6 cm. The shape of the majority of the tar balls is spherical, but some can also be flattened ellipsoids. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon analyses of the collected samples revealed the characteristics of a strongly weathered material, where only the most persistent compounds were detected: chrysene, benzo(b,k)fluoranthene, dibenzo(a,h)antracene and benzo(a)pyrene. 相似文献
52.
de Oliveira Ana Carolina Salgado Ferreira Laura Fonseca de Oliveira Begali Danielly Ugucioni Julio Cesar de Sena Neto Alfredo Rodrigues Yoshida Maria Irene Borges Soraia Vilela 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2021,29(8):2546-2556
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Researches for the development of materials with less environmental impact have been more common. Pectin is a natural polysaccharide, presenting in plants... 相似文献
53.
Arakaki LN Augusto Filha VL Espínola JG da Fonseca MG de Oliveira SF Arakaki T Airoldi C 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2003,5(2):366-370
Silica gel surface has been modified in two reaction steps: (i) the silylating agent 3-mercaptopropyltrimetoxysilane was firstly immobilized to give a surface Sil-SH and (ii) this precursor incorporated an ethylene sulfide molecule to obtain the surface denoted Sil-SSH. This material was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, solid state 13C and 29Si NMR, and surface area measurement. These materials were employed as adsorbents for divalent heavy cations from aqueous solutions at room temperature and the isotherms were adjusted to a modified Langmuir equation. The maxima number of moles adsorbed were 1.0, 1.5, 1.6, 2.2, 2.4 and 3.3 mmol g(-1) for Co, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, and Hg, respectively. 相似文献
54.
R David Holbrook Matthew J Higgins Sudhir N Murthy Anabela D Fonseca Edwin J Fleischer Glen T Daigger Thomas J Grizzard Nancy G Love John T Novak 《Water environment research》2004,76(7):2699-2702
The effect of aluminum sulfate (alum) addition on membrane performance was investigated, with a particular focus on membrane fouling. During initial operation, alum was added and the performance monitored. After terminating alum addition, the transmembrane pressure (TMP), which is indicative of membrane resistance to flow or fouling, increased. Accompanying the increase in TMP was an increase in the organic nonsettleable fraction (colloidal + dissolved) content of the mixed liquor and deterioration of permeate quality and floc strength. Permeate polysaccharide concentrations increased significantly, suggesting a preferential binding of solution polysaccharides by alum. Upon reinitiating alum addition, the TMP only partially recovered, indicating some irreversible fouling, while mixed liquor nonsettleable organic material, permeate quality, and floc strength returned to initial levels. These results suggest that direct alum addition to membrane bioreactors can improve membrane performance by reducing the organic fouling material and improving floc structure and strength. It appears that bulk liquid polysaccharides may contribute to irreversible membrane fouling, and this fraction can be efficiently controlled through the alum addition. 相似文献
55.
M. C. Alvim Ferraz M. C. Faria Ferraz J. M. Ferraz P. I. Fonseca 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1988,11(2):183-192
This area has a rate of patients with obstructive chronic lung disease that is the highest in Portugal and the second in Europe. Levels of pollution observed in 1985/86 and 1986/87 allowed evaluating the effects of concentrations lower than those that usually cause acute episodes. It was observed that even low levels of strong acidity can be related with lung diseases, when observed simultaneously with appreciable levels of black smoke; climatic factors have a synergetic effect. 相似文献
56.
Popin Gustavo V. Santos Arthur K. B. Oliveira Thiago de P. de Camargo Plínio B. Cerri Carlos E. P. Siqueira-Neto Marcos 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2020,25(4):559-577
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - Global warming can intensify the soil organic matter (SOM) turnover, damaging soil health. Crop residues left on the soil are important to... 相似文献
57.
Trait-mediated effects on flowers: artificial spiders deceive pollinators and decrease plant fitness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Although predators can affect foraging behaviors of floral visitors, rarely is it known if these top-down effects of predators may cascade to plant fitness through trait-mediated interactions. In this study we manipulated artificial crab spiders on flowers of Rubus rosifolius to test the effects of predation risk on flower-visiting insects and strength of trait-mediated indirect effects to plant fitness. In addition, we tested which predator traits (e.g., forelimbs, abdomen) are recognized and avoided by pollinators. Total visitation rate was higher for control flowers than for flowers with an artificial crab spider. In addition, flowers with a sphere (simulating a spider abdomen) were more frequently visited than those with forelimbs or the entire spider model. Furthermore, the presence of artificial spiders decreased individual seed set by 42% and fruit biomass by 50%. Our findings indicate that pollinators, mostly bees, recognize and avoid flowers with predation risk; forelimbs seem to be the predator trait recognized and avoided by hymenopterans. Additionally, predator avoidance by pollinators resulted in pollen limitation, thereby affecting some components of plant fitness (fruit biomass and seed number). Because most pollinator species that recognized predation risk visited many other plant species, trait-mediated indirect effects of spiders cascading down to plant fitness may be a common phenomenon in the Atlantic rainforest ecosystem. 相似文献
58.
Maria Virginia Petry Vanda Simone da Silva Fonseca Lucas Krüger-Garcia Roberta da Cruz Piuco Jaqueline Brummelhaus 《Marine Biology》2008,154(4):613-621
The coastline of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) is used annually as a migratory route by a number of seabird species.
Thirteen surveys were carried out between July 1997 and July 1998 to obtain information on the diet of Puffinus gravis, Puffinus griseus, and Puffinus puffinus along the coast of Rio Grande do Sul. Sampling efforts focused on dead beach-cast specimens. One hundred twenty-one stomach
content analyses were performed on P. gravis from a total of 238 specimens; 17 stomach content analyses were performed on P. griseus from a total of 54 specimens; and 25 stomach content analyses were performed on 25 P. puffinus from a total of 61 dead specimens. Cephalopods were the main prey found in the stomachs of the three species and were present
in 96% of the P. gravis stomachs. The following cephalopods were observed: Ommastrephidae, Gonatus antarcticus, Gonatus sp., Lycoteuthis lorigera, Lycoteuthis sp., Histioteuthis sp., Cycloteuthis sp., Loligo plei, Loligo sanpaulensis, Sepiidae, and Argonauta nodosa. The latter was the most abundant species in the three species of Puffinus. The following fish were identified from otoliths: Porichthys porosissimus, Ctenosciaena gracilicirrhus, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Cynoscion guatucupa, and Trichiurus lepturus. There was also a high incidence of synthetic materials such as plastic, polyethylene and rubber. 相似文献
59.
Alvar Carranza Omar Defeo Juan Carlos Castilla Thiago Fernando L. V. B. Rangel 《Marine Biology》2009,156(9):1917-1928
We tested to what extent mean sea surface temperature, geometric constraints in range size frequency distributions (the mid-domain
effect) and geographical coastline distance to the equator are related to species richness of coastal Mytilidae and Ostreidae
in the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of South America (excluding islands). The location and magnitude of the peaks in species
richness, as well as the shape of the pattern, varied between oceans. Results were not biased by spatial autocorrelation,
although strong multicollinearity among predictor variables was detected. However, these regional-extent regression models
suggest differences in the causal factors that explain richness gradients of studied bivalves in South American coasts, most
likely related to historical events such as the Southeastern Pacific Pleistocene mass extinction of bivalves. Our results
reinforced the conclusion that there is no single best explanatory cause for the latitudinal gradient in species richness
and showed that the correlative approach is not useful when predictor variables are strongly correlated. 相似文献
60.
Removal of hexavalent chromium of contaminated soil by coupling electrokinetic remediation and permeable reactive biobarriers 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Fonseca B Pazos M Tavares T Sanromán MA 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(5):1800-1808