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61.
Malacarne Ingra Tais De Souza Daniel Vitor Rosario Barbara Dos Anjos Viana Milena De Barros Pereira Camilo Dias Seabra Estadella Debora dos Santos Jean Nunes Ribeiro Daniel Araki 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(12):14285-14292
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Crack-cocaine is a cocaine by-product widely consumed by general population in developing countries. The drug is low cost and is associated with more... 相似文献
62.
Heitor Evangelista Juan Maldonado Elaine A. dos Santos Ricardo H.M. Godoi Carlos A.E. Garcia Virginia M.T. Garcia Erling Jonhson Kenya Dias da Cunha Carlos Barros Leite René Van Grieken Katleen Van Meel Yaroslava Makarovska Diego M. Gaiero 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(5):703-712
Iron (Fe) and other trace elements such as Zn, Mn, Ni and Cu are known as key-factors in marine biogeochemical cycles. It is believed that ocean primary productivity blooms in iron deficient regions can be triggered by iron in aeolian dust. Up to now, scarce aerosol elemental composition, based on measurements over sea at the Western South Atlantic (WSA), exist. An association between the Patagonian semi-desert dust/Fe and chlorophyll-a variability at the Argentinean continental shelf is essentially inferred from models. We present here experimental data of Fe enriched aerosols over the WSA between latitudes 22°S–62°S, during 4 oceanographic campaigns between 2002 and 2005. These data allowed inferring the atmospheric Fe flux onto different latitudinal bands which varied from 30.4 to 1688 nmolFe m?2 day?1 (October 29th–November 15th, 2003); 5.83–1586 nmolFe m?2 day?1 (February 15th–March 6th, 2004) and 4.73–586 nmolFe m?2 day?1(October 21st–November 5th, 2005). 相似文献
63.
Mércia?de Oliveira?Cardoso Elvira?M.?R.?PedrosaEmail author Mário?M.?Rolim ênio?F.?F.?e?Silva Patrícia?A.?de?Barros 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(6):3529-3544
Nematodes present high potential as a biological indicator of soil quality. In this work, it was evaluated relations between
soil physical properties and nematode community under sugarcane cropping and remaining of Atlantic Forest areas in Northeastern
Pernambuco, Brazil. Soil samples were collected from September to November 2009 along two 200-m transects in both remaining
of Atlantic Forest and sugarcane field at deeps of 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 cm. For soil characterization, it
was carried out analysis of soil size, water content, total porosity, bulk density, and particle density. The level of soil
mechanical resistance was evaluated through a digital penetrometer. Nematodes were extracted per 300 cm3 of soil through centrifugal flotation in sucrose being quantified, classified according trophic habit, and identified in
level of genus or family. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation at 5% of probability. Geostatistical analysis showed
that the penetration resistance, water content, total porosity, and bulk density on both forest and cultivated area exhibited
spatial dependence at the sampled scale, and their experimental semivariograms were fitted to spherical and exponential models.
In forest area, the ectoparasites and free-living nematodes exhibited spherical model. In sugarcane field, the soil nematodes
exhibited pure nugget effect. Pratylenchus sp. and Helicotylenchus sp. were prevalent in sugarcane field, but in forest, there was prevalence of Dorylaimidae and Rhabditidae. Total amount
of nematode did not differ between environments; however, community trophic structure in forest presented prevalence of free-living
nematodes: omnivores followed by bacterial-feeding soil nematodes, while plant-feeding nematodes were prevalent in sugarcane
field. The nematode diversity was higher in the remaining of Atlantic Forest. However, the soil mechanical resistance was
higher under sugarcane cropping, affecting more directly the free-living nematodes; especially Dorylaimidae which was the
most sensible to changes in soil physical properties. 相似文献
64.
Lucio Leonardo Barbara Paci MazzilliSandra Regina Damatto Mitiko SaikiSonia Maria Barros de Oliveira 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(10):906-910
This paper examines the viability of using Canoparmelia texana lichen species as a bioindicator of air pollution by radionuclides and rare earth elements (REEs) in the vicinity of a tin and lead industry. The lichen and soil samples were analyzed for uranium, thorium and REEs by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The radionuclides 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb were determined either by Gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) (soils) or by radiochemical separation followed by gross alpha and beta counting using a gas flow proportional counter (lichens). The lichens samples concentrate radionuclides (on the average 25-fold higher than the background for this species) and REEs (on the average 10-fold higher), therefore they can be used as a fingerprint of contamination by the operation of the tin industry. 相似文献
65.
Benzene is a carcinogenic and genotoxic pollutant which mainly affects the people health through the inhalation. Nevertheless,
this pollutant is not frequently measured by air-quality networks. To solve this problem, some models have been published
to estimate benzene concentrations in the atmosphere. However, the lack of measures makes difficult the application of complex
models in order to get a detailed spatio-temporal analysis, namely in urban areas. In this work was developed a simple semi-empirical
model to predict benzene concentrations based on the ratio of benzene and carbon monoxide concentrations in order to predict
the concentrations of this pollutant in large areas and periods with lack of benzene measurements but with higher impact in
the human health. The model was applied to an urban area, the Metropolitan Area of Oporto, for a period of 12 years (1995–2006).
Monthly correlations between benzene and carbon monoxide concentrations at Custóias air-quality station are significant (p = 0.01) and higher in winter (r
s > 0.7) than in summer (0.3 > r
s
> 0.7). Estimate of the monthly ratio of the concentration of these two pollutants range between 199 and 305. The methodology
validation shows good results (r
s
= 0.81) which allow, assuming the availability of carbon monoxide data, the use of this tool for areas with low benzene recorded
data. The application of this methodology in the study area shows an annual average trend decrease of benzene concentrations
during the study period, which may be linked to a general trend decrease of benzene emissions in European urban areas, including
the study domain. 相似文献
66.
C. Borrego O. Tchepel A. Monteiro N. Barros A. Miranda 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2002,2(5-6):487-499
The main objective of this work is to analyse how uncertainties in emission data of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC), originated from road traffic, influence the model prediction of ozone (O3) concentration fields. Different methods to estimate emissions were applied and results were compared in order to obtain their variability. Based on these data, different emission scenarios were compiled for each pollutant considering the minimum and the maximum values of the estimated emission range. These scenarios were used as input to the MAR-IV mesoscale modelling system. Simulations have been performed for a summer day in the Northern Region of Portugal. The different approaches to estimate NOx and VOC traffic emissions show a significant variability of absolute values and of their spatial distribution. Comparison of modelling results obtained from the two scenarios presents a dissimilarity of 37% for ozone concentration fields as a response of the system to a variation in the input emission data of 63% for NOx and 59% for VOC. Far beyond all difficulties and approximations, the developed methodology to build up an emission data base shows to be consistent and an useful tool in order to turn applicable an air quality model. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the model to input data should be considered when it is used as a decision support tool. 相似文献
67.
Tatyana Karpova Sergei Preis Juha Kallas Adélia Luciana Barros Torres 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2007,5(4):219-224
The potential of the photocatalytic oxidation to selectively oxidise steroid estrogens, β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol,
in the presence of saccharose and ethanol as co-pollutants was clearly demonstrated. The alkaline media conditions remained
the most beneficial for the PCO regardless the presence of co-pollutants under consideration. Saccharose appeared to be the
more powerful competitor than ethanol. The influence of the co-pollutants is explained by their competition for the adsorption
sites and also scavenging of the OH-radicals. 相似文献
68.
M. Martins E.S. Santos C. Pires R.J. Barros M.C. Costa 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010,18(3):248-253
The ability of two active bioremediation systems, based on the activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria, for the production of irrigation water from acid mine drainage (AMD), was compared. System I consisted of a packed bed reactor containing calcite tailing followed by an anaerobic packed bed bioreactor. System II consisted of a settler, fed with AMD and treated water recycle, and a sulphidogenic anaerobic packed bed bioreactor, fed with clarified settler effluent. Although efficient in terms of pH neutralisation and metals removal, system I did not allow continuous production of suitable irrigation water, since the concentration of sulphate in the effluent frequently exceeds the maximum recommended value by local legislation. On the other hand, in system II very high sulphate reduction (>99.0%) was achieved during the whole experiment, being the values in the effluent much lower than legislated limits for irrigation water. System II, not requiring the addition of any neutralising agent, can also be advantageous from an economical perspective. 相似文献
69.
70.
In this work we have used fuzzy rule-based systems to elaborate a predator–prey type of model to study the interaction between aphids (preys) and ladybugs (predators) in citriculture, where the aphids are considered as transmitter agents of the Citrus Sudden Death (CSD). Simulations were performed and a graph was drawn to show the prey population, the potentiality of the predators, and a phase-plane. From this phase-plane, a classic model of the Holling–Tanner type is fitted and its parameters were found. Finally, we have studied the stability of the critical points of the Holling–Tanner model. 相似文献