全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11823篇 |
免费 | 465篇 |
国内免费 | 3147篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 669篇 |
废物处理 | 716篇 |
环保管理 | 916篇 |
综合类 | 5146篇 |
基础理论 | 2210篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 4278篇 |
评价与监测 | 595篇 |
社会与环境 | 539篇 |
灾害及防治 | 364篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 13篇 |
2023年 | 175篇 |
2022年 | 504篇 |
2021年 | 410篇 |
2020年 | 307篇 |
2019年 | 326篇 |
2018年 | 394篇 |
2017年 | 426篇 |
2016年 | 470篇 |
2015年 | 502篇 |
2014年 | 724篇 |
2013年 | 1127篇 |
2012年 | 802篇 |
2011年 | 897篇 |
2010年 | 708篇 |
2009年 | 655篇 |
2008年 | 773篇 |
2007年 | 660篇 |
2006年 | 620篇 |
2005年 | 456篇 |
2004年 | 404篇 |
2003年 | 445篇 |
2002年 | 410篇 |
2001年 | 449篇 |
2000年 | 407篇 |
1999年 | 352篇 |
1998年 | 265篇 |
1997年 | 265篇 |
1996年 | 221篇 |
1995年 | 191篇 |
1994年 | 158篇 |
1993年 | 158篇 |
1992年 | 135篇 |
1991年 | 115篇 |
1990年 | 60篇 |
1989年 | 65篇 |
1988年 | 44篇 |
1987年 | 33篇 |
1986年 | 32篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 24篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 30篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1975年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
分别采用苦土、纯氧化镁为沉淀剂对模拟高浓度氮磷废水(N/P=0.8)进行了脱氮除磷研究,比较了沉淀剂投加量、pH对2种沉淀剂处理氮磷废水的影响,对沉淀产物进行XRD分析,并进行了经济效益比较。结果表明,pH是影响2种沉淀剂处理氮磷废水的主要因素,随着pH的增加,脱氮除磷效果提高,在平衡pH为9~10之间时氮磷处理效果最佳,pH继续增加,由于磷酸镁沉淀的形成使得氨氮去除率降低。此外,处理相同的废水,苦土的最佳投加量要大于纯氧化镁,但是经济效益比较结果表明,以苦土为沉淀剂处理氮磷废水可大大降低处理成本。 相似文献
992.
将一株产絮酵母菌(编号B-02号)发酵后的废菌体制成生物吸附剂,研究该生物吸附剂对废水中Cd2+的生物吸附特性。结果表明:(1)pH值对Cd2+会产生较大的影响,偏酸性(pH=4~6)条件利于吸附;该吸附剂对Cd2+吸附速率较快,8~10 min就可达到吸附平衡;(2)吸附剂的吸附动力学符合二级动力学模型,吸附Cd2+的实验数据对Langmuir等温式的拟合情况良好,吸附剂吸附Cd2+的最大吸附量为70.752 mg/g。用0.5 mol/L HNO3对吸附Cd2+的酵母菌进行解吸,解吸率可达89.7%。 相似文献
993.
不同质量浓度苦草对铜绿微囊藻生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用苦草(Vallisneria spiralis Linn.)和铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)共生培养的实验方法,通过追踪测定铜绿微囊藻的生物量、叶绿素a含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,研究了不同质量浓度苦草对铜绿微囊藻生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响。结果表明,质量浓度大于10 g/L时,苦草对铜绿微囊藻有明显的抑制作用,表现为苦草质量浓度为10、20和40 g/L时,第15天对铜绿微囊藻的抑制率分别为63.3%、94.7%和99.8%,培养过程中,铜绿微囊藻的叶绿素a含量逐渐减少,而SOD、POD活性及MDA含量呈现先增加后逐渐降低的趋势,表明苦草释放的化感物质在经过一定时间积累后能够明显抑制铜绿微囊藻SOD和POD的活性,引起细胞的氧化损伤,促进叶绿素的分解,从而导致藻类死亡,这是苦草抑制铜绿微囊藻生长的原因之一。 相似文献
994.
Influence of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar application on nitrate leaching in calcaric dark red soil 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Application of biochar has been suggested to improve water- and fertilizer-retaining capacity of agricultural soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of bagasse charcoal (sugarcane [ L.] bagasse-derived biochar) on nitrate (NO) leaching from Shimajiri Maji soil, which has low water- and fertilizer-retaining capacity. The nitrate adsorption properties of bagasse charcoal formed at five pyrolysis temperatures (400-800° C) were investigated to select the most suitable bagasse charcoal for NO adsorption. Nitrate was able to adsorb onto the bagasse charcoal formed at pyrolysis temperatures of 700 to 800° C. Nitrate adsorption by bagasse charcoal (formed at 800° C) that passed through a 2-mm sieve was in a state of nonequilibrium even at 20 h after the addition of 20 mg N L KNO solution. Measurements suggested that the saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of bagasse charcoal (800° C)-amended soils are affected by changes in soil tortuosity and porosity and the presence of meso- and micropores in the bagasse charcoal, which did not contribute to soil water transfer. In NO leaching studies using bagasse charcoal (800° C)-amended soils with different charcoal contents (0-10% [w/w]), the maximum concentration of NO in effluents from bagasse charcoal-amended soil columns was approximately 5% less than that from a nonamended soil column because of NO adsorption by bagasse charcoal (800° C). We conclude that application of bagasse charcoal (800°C) to the soil will increase the residence time of NO in the root zone of crops and provide greater opportunity for crops to absorb NO. 相似文献
995.
聚合物驱采出水中聚丙烯酰胺的微生物联合降解作用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对2株细菌的培养降解实验研究聚丙烯酰胺(hydrolyzed polyacrylamide,HPAM)降解菌对水环境下聚丙烯酰胺的降解作用,讨论协同降解机理。2株降解聚丙烯酰胺的菌株假单胞菌CJ419、枯草芽孢杆菌FA16在初始30℃废水样品上培养,定期测量细菌生物量和HPAM降解率。培养30 d后CJ419和FA16对聚合物的降解率最大值分别达到30.4%和25%,而以1∶1比例的混合菌降解率最大值达到80.3%。对2株菌胞外各组分研究表明:混合菌降解HPAM的机理主要由胞外降解酶系水解聚合物侧链基团导致HPAM降解为小分子物质,同时生长过程中降解菌还会释放非蛋白还原性物质引发氧化反应共同参与HPAM降解。 相似文献
996.
Roy Mauldin Edward Kosciuch Fred Eisele Greg Huey David Tanner Steve Sjostedt Don Blake Gao Chen Jim Crawford Douglas Davis 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(4):572-581
Measurements of OH, H2SO4, and MSA at South Pole (SP) Antarctica were recorded as a part of the 2003 Antarctic Chemistry Investigation (ANTCI 2003). The time period 22 November, 2003–2 January, 2004 provided a unique opportunity to observe atmospheric chemistry at SP under both natural conditions as well as those uniquely defined by a solar eclipse event. Results under natural solar conditions generally confirmed those reported previously in the year 2000. In both years the major chemical driver leading to large scale fluctuations in OH was shifts in the concentration levels of NO. Like in 2000, however, the 2003 observational data were systematically lower than model predictions. This can be interpreted as indicating that the model mechanism is still missing a significant HOx sink reaction(s); or, alternatively, that the OH calibration source may have problems. Still a final possibility could involve the integrity of the OH sampling scheme which involved a fixed building site. As expected, during the peak in the solar eclipse both NO and OH showed large decreases in their respective concentrations. Interestingly, the observational OH profile could only be approximated by the model mechanism upon adding an additional HOx radical source in the form of snow emissions of CH2O and/or H2O2. This would lead one to think that either CH2O and/or H2O2 snow emissions represent a significant HOx radical source under summertime conditions at SP. Observations of H2SO4 and MSA revealed both species to be present at very low concentrations (e.g., 5 × 105 and 1 × 105 molec cm?3, respectively), but similar to those reported in 2000. The first measurements of SO2 at SP demonstrated a close coupling with the oxidation product H2SO4. The observed low concentrations of MSA appear to be counter to the most recent thinking by glacio-chemists who have suggested that the plateau's lower atmosphere should have elevated levels of MSA. We speculate here that the absence of MSA may reflect efficient atmospheric removal mechanisms for this species involving either dynamical and/or chemical processes. 相似文献
997.
Triclosan is used as an antibacterial agent in household items and personal care products. Since this compound is found in maternal milk of humans and bodies of wild animals, there is growing concern among some consumer groups and scientific community that triclosan is adverse for humans and wild animals. In order to estimate adverse actions of triclosan, the effects of triclosan on intracellular Zn2+ concentration and cellular thiol content were studied in rat thymocytes by the use of flow cytometer with appropriate fluorescent probes. Triclosan at 1-3 μM (sublethal concentrations) increased the intensity of FluoZin-3 fluorescence (intracellular Zn2+ concentration) and decreased the intensity of 5-chloromethylfluorescein (5-CMF) fluorescence (cellular thiol content). Negative correlation (r = −0.985) between triclosan-induced changes in FluoZin-3 and 5-CMF fluorescences was found. Removal of external Zn2+ did not significantly affect the triclosan-induced augmentation of FluoZin-3 fluorescence, suggesting an intracellular Zn2+ release by triclosan. These actions of triclosan were similar to those of H2O2 and triclosan significantly potentiated the cytotoxicity of H2O2. Therefore, the results may suggest that triclosan at sublethal concentrations induces oxidative stress that decreases cellular thiol content, resulting in an increase in intracellular Zn2+ concentration by Zn2+ release from intracellular store(s). Since recent studies show many physiological roles of intracellular Zn2+ in cellular functions, the triclosan-induced disturbance of cellular Zn2+ homeostasis may induce adverse actions on the cells. 相似文献
998.
999.
Comparative assessments of VOC emission rates and associated health risks from wastewater treatment processes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WB Yang WH Chen CS Yuan JC Yang QL Zhao 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(9):2464-2474
With the growing concern regarding emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the relationship between the VOC emission rates and the associated public health risks has been rarely discussed. The objective of this study was to examine and compare the VOC emission rates and cancer and non-cancer risks by inhalation intake, using a municipal WWTP in China as an example, with respect to the effects of treatment technologies, VOC species, and seasonal variation. Given the treatment technology considered, the emission rates of VOCs in this study were estimated by means of mass balance or calculated on the molecular level. From the viewpoints of both emission rates and cancer and non-cancer risks, sedimentation was the treatment technology with the highest health risks to the workers. Slightly lower VOC emission rates and health risks than those for sedimentation were observed in anaerobic treatment. Although the aeration significantly enhanced the VOC emission rates in the aerobic treatment process, the associated health risks were limited due to the low VOC concentrations in the gas phase, which were likely attributed to the strong mixing and dilution with fresh air by aeration. Amongst the VOCs investigated, benzene was the VOC with both a relatively high emission rate and health risk, while trichloroethylene possessed a high emission rate but the lowest health risk. Without strong interfacial aeration and turbulence between the water and atmosphere, the effects of treatment technology and seasonal variation on the health risks might be connected to the VOC emission rates, while the effect of VOC species depended considerably on the respective cancer slope factors and reference concentrations; the employment of aeration provided a different conclusion in which the emission rates were enhanced without a significant increase in the related cancer risks. These findings can provide insight into future health risk management and reduction strategies for workers in WWTPs. 相似文献
1000.