喹啉和吡啶共存条件下的MFC产电特性研究

喹啉和吡啶往往共存于实际废水中,本文通过构双极室MFC,以铁氰化钾为电子受体,对喹啉和吡啶在MFC中的降解以及产电性进行研究.结果表明,MFC的最大输出电压随着葡萄糖浓度的降低而降低,当喹啉和吡啶初始浓度均为500mg·L-1,葡萄糖浓度分别为1000、500、100mg·L-1时,最高输出电压逐渐降低,分别为606、537、354mV;最大体积功率密度为18.4、14.4和6.3W.m-3.当以等浓度500mg·L-1的喹啉和吡啶作混合燃料时,MFC的内阻超过1250Ω,最大体积功率密度为2.9W.m-3.周期结束时,COD的去除率达79%以上,喹啉和吡啶均可以完全去除,喹啉的降解速率明显高于吡啶.MFC可以利用喹啉和吡啶作为混合燃料,这为含喹啉和吡啶共存类实际废水的MFC处理提供了理论依据.     

基于矢量空间数据的陵水海滨风景名胜规划区生态敏感性评价

以陵水海滨风景名胜规划区为研究区域,通过调查主要生态敏感问题,选取基本农田、生态保护林、自然保护区、河流水库、道路等主要评价指标,建立评价指标体系,并在此基础上,以Are／info为平台,以矢量数据为数据环境,创建了生态敏感性评价模型。结果显示,20．28％和29．37％的规划区处于较敏感区和敏感区,8．85％旅游设施用地和9．54％旅游服务用地处于敏感区。最后提出了在旅游开发过程中,保护生态敏感目标的合理性建议。     

氨基修饰增强的Fe/Cu-MOF对罗丹明B的光催化降解性能及相关机理

利用溶剂热合成法合成了氨基修饰的Fe/Cu-MOF-NH2,分别采用XRD、SEM、N2吸附-脱附、UV-vis、EA等检测方法进行了表征分析,并将其用于RhB的光催化降解,考察了 RhB的初始质量浓度、催化剂质量浓度和pH对光催化降解的影响.结果表明,氨基的引入显著提升了催化剂的可见光响应性能;在合成Fe/Cu-MO...     

FT-ICR mass spectrometry for molecular characterization of water-insoluble organic compounds in winter atmospheric fine particulate matters

Water-insoluble organic compounds（WIOCs） are an important fraction of atmospheric fine particulate matters(PM_2.5), which could affect the climate system and threaten human health potentially. In this study, molecular characterization of WIOCs in PM_2.5 were investigated by 15 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry（FT-ICR MS） with atmospheric pressure photoionization（APPI） source in positive ion mode. A total of 2573 and1875 molecular formulas were iden...     

电气石和沸石对土壤-小麦幼苗系统中重金属行为的影响

为探明电气石对重金属污染土壤的修复能力,本文采用盆栽方法研究了电气石对小麦幼苗的生长及对重金属积累的影响,并与常用改良剂沸石进行修复效果的比较.结果表明,添加电气石和沸石均能有效提高小麦幼苗的株高、干重和叶绿素含量,其中干重最大能提高1.56倍;电气石和沸石处理均能有效降低小麦幼苗对Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn的积累,总体体现为电气石修复效果优于沸石,添加电气石组Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn最大分别降低37.93%、41.45%、16.35%和20.65%.因此,新型材料电气石可用于重金属污染土壤的修复.     

Comparison of membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of down-flow and up-flow biological activated carbon effluents

The UF membrane fouling by down- and up-flow BAC effluents were compared. Up-flow BAC effluent fouled the membrane faster than down-flow BAC effluent. The combined effects dominated irreversible fouling. The extent of fouling exacerbated by inorganic particles was higher. The TMP, permeate flux, and normalized membrane flux during 21 days of UF of DBAC and UBAC effluents. Fouling during ultrafiltration of down- and up-flow biological activated carbon effluents was investigated to determine the roles of polysaccharides, proteins, and inorganic particles in ultrafiltration membrane fouling. During ultrafiltration of down- flow biological activated carbon effluent, the trans-membrane pressure was≤26 kPa and the permeate flux was steady at 46.7 L?m⁻²?h⁻¹. However, during ultrafiltration of up-flow biological activated carbon effluent, the highest trans-membrane pressure was almost 40 kPa and the permeate flux continuously decreased to 30 L?m⁻²?h⁻¹. At the end of the filtration period, the normalized membrane fluxes were 0.88 and 0.62 for down- and up-flow biological activated carbon effluents, respectively. The membrane removed the turbidity and polysaccharides content by 47.4% and 30.2% in down- flow biological activated effluent and 82.5% and 22.4% in up-flow biological activated carbon effluent, respectively, but retained few proteins. The retention of polysaccharides was higher on the membrane that filtered the down- flow biological activated effluent compared with that on the membrane that filtered the up-flow biological activated carbon effluent. The polysaccharides on the membranes fouled by up-flow biological activated carbon and down- flow biological activated effluents were spread continuously and clustered, respectively. These demonstrated that the up-flow biological activated carbon effluent fouled the membrane faster. Membrane fouling was associated with a portion of the polysaccharides (not the proteins) and inorganic particles in the feed water. When there was little difference in the polysaccharide concentrations between the feed waters, the fouling extent was exacerbated more by inorganic particles than by polysaccharides.     

·OH溶液氧化降解土壤中多溴联苯醚的研究

研究了·OH溶液降解土壤中的多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的可行性,分析了降解机理和影响降解效果的因素.发现羟基对PBDEs有很强的降解能力.当初始质量浓度为3mg/kg时,降解率达到97.54％;降解率随着·OH溶液投加量的增加而增加,当投加量为4 mL/g时,降解率达到96.38％,再增加投加量,降解率增加不明显;温度对降解率的影响很大,在20℃降解率为96.5％,而达到40℃时,降解率只有89.57％;·OH能迅速与污染物发生反应,当反应进行1min后,降解率就达到95.6％,再增加反应时间,降解率增加的很小;采用GC-MS对BDE15的降解产物进行定性分析,发现降解过程中,BDE15被大量降解,并最终被降解为CO2和H2O.     

仪征市荧光灯厂周围环境中汞污染调查

仪征市荧光灯厂排出的汞，对周围环境中的土壤、植物产生了明显污染，尤以土壤耕作层、植物叶片污染最明显。     

一种新型复合球填料在低浓度污再生回用中的应用研究

新型复合球填料为沸石与悬浮球填料的有机组合体，密度约为0．92～0．97g／cm^3，比表面积为711～1185m^2/m^2，表面粗糙，物化性能稳定。在曝气量为20：1，停留时间为6h时，装有新型复合球填料的反应柱挂膜容易，成膜时间短，膜不易脱落，且生物相丰富。膜成熟时对生活污水中的氨氮和COD都有很好的去除效果，出水氨氮浓度≤2mg／L，去除率≥93％；出水COD浓度≤22mg／L，去除率≥80％。新型复合球反应柱在稳定状态处理低浓度的二级出水时，出水氨氮浓度≤2mg／L，去除率89％，出水COD浓度为10～36mg／L，去除率为48％～81％。出水水质符合GB50335-2002标准。