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21.
Goran Krstić 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2017,67(3):261-266
This notebook paper provides a brief overview of attribution estimates for some key lung cancer risk factors, focusing on indoor radon gas exposure in the U.S., UK, and Canada. Tobacco smoking represents the primary cause of lung cancer worldwide. Radon is regarded as the second leading lung cancer risk factor in the U.S. and Canada. It can be observed, however, that the reported estimates appear not to add up to the maximum cumulative attribution of 100%.
Implications: Limitations and uncertainties associated with published epidemiological studies and the observed lack of consistency in lung cancer attribution estimates for radon and other non-smoking lung cancer risk factors should be taken into consideration by policy makers in setting population health protection priorities. 相似文献
22.
Jokić Goran Blažić Tanja Đurović-Pejčev Rada Đorđević Tijana Đedović Suzana Vukša Marina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(22):18257-18262
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Strong-smelling plant extracts, such as essential oils, have a variety of feeding effects on mammals. Considering current concerns over long-term... 相似文献
23.
Distribution of natural radionuclides in surface soils in the vicinity of abandoned uranium mines in Serbia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Milan Momčilović Jovan Kovačević Milan Tanić Milan Đorđević Goran Bačić Snežana Dragović 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(2):1319-1329
The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in soils from the area affected by uranium mining at Stara Planina Mountain in Serbia were studied and compared with the results obtained from an area with no mining activities (background area). In the affected area, the activity concentrations ranged from 1.75 to 19.2 mg kg?1 for uranium and from 1.57 to 26.9 mg kg?1 for thorium which is several-fold higher than those in the background area. The Th/U, K/U, and K/Th activity ratios were also determined and compared with data from similar studies worldwide. External gamma dose rate in the air due to uranium, thorium, and potassium at 1 m above ground level in the area affected by uranium mining was found to be 91.3 nGy h?1, i.e., about two-fold higher than that in background area. The results of this preliminary study indicate the importance of radiological evaluation of the area and implementation of remedial measures in order to prevent further dispersion of radionuclides in the environment. 相似文献
24.
Goran Belojevic Gary W. Evans Katarina Paunovic Branko Jakovljevic 《Journal of environmental psychology》2012
The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between noise and school children's executive functioning (EF). The study included 311 children (146 boys and 165 girls) aged 7–11 years, who lived in the center of Belgrade. Teachers rated children's EF on a standard scale evaluating their ability to work independently in a focused manner to achieve an end goal as well as children's ability to follow directions carefully. Residential noise exposure was estimated in three daytime intervals, one evening interval and two nighttime intervals in the middle of the streets where children lived. School noise exposure was measured on three different school days in front of children's schools. Socioeconomic status (mother's highest level of education and family income) was used as a statistical control. There were no significant main effects of ambient noise levels on EF, however, a significant interaction indicated adverse noise impacts on boy's EF. We discuss possible reasons for male EF vulnerability to noise. 相似文献
25.
Dragović S Onjia A Dragović R Bacić G 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,130(1-3):245-253
Mosses and lichens have an important role in biomonitoring. The objective of this study is to develop a neural network model to classify these plants according to geographical origin. A three-layer feed-forward neural network was used. The activities of radionuclides ((226)Ra, (238)U, (235)U, (40)K, (232)Th, (134)Cs, (137)Cs and (7)Be) detected in plant samples by gamma-ray spectrometry were used as inputs for neural network. Five different training algorithms with different number of samples in training sets were tested and compared, in order to find the one with the minimum root mean square error. The best predictive power for the classification of plants from 12 regions was achieved using a network with 5 hidden layer nodes and 3,000 training epochs, using the online back-propagation randomized training algorithm. Implementation of this model to experimental data resulted in satisfactory classification of moss and lichen samples in terms of their geographical origin. The average classification rate obtained in this study was (90.7 +/- 4.8)%. 相似文献
26.
Damir Vili?i? Tina ?ilovi? Milivoj Kuzmi? Hrvoje Mihanovi? Sun?ica Bosak Igor Toma?i? Goran Oluji? 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,177(1-4):593-607
We present the first insight to the oceanography of the southeastern Adriatic Sea, where coastal water influenced by Albanian rivers comes into contact with the inflowing oligotrophic Eastern Adriatic Current (Ionian Surface Water and Levantine Intermediate Water). A distinct plankton distribution was observed on each side of the shelf break hydrographic boundary in May 2009, during gradual warming of the surface waters. The prochlorophytes accumulated along the nutricline above the shelf and continental slope. The phosphorus limited inshore waters were dominated by a small diatom Chaetoceros circinalis, dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, autotrophic picoplankton, and heterotrophic nanoplankton. The offshore surface layer was characterized by bigger nanoplankton (coccolithophorids, green flagellates). Low nutrient concentrations influence relatively low productivity not only above the Albanian shelf but also further to the north along the Montenegrine and Croatian coastal Adriatic Sea. 相似文献
27.
Gerd Sparovek Alberto Barretto Goran Berndes Sergio Martins Rodrigo Maule 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2009,14(3):285-298
Governments are promoting biofuels and the resulting changes in land use and crop reallocation to biofuels production have
raised concerns about impacts on environment and food security. The promotion of biofuels has also been questioned based on
suggested marginal contribution to greenhouse gas emissions reduction, partly due to induced land use change causing greenhouse
gas emissions. This study reports how the expansion of sugarcane in Brazil during 1996–2006 affected indicators for environment,
land use and economy. The results indicate that sugarcane expansion did not in general contribute to direct deforestation
in the traditional agricultural region where most of the expansion took place. The amount of forests on farmland in this area
is below the minimum stated in law and the situation did not change over the studied period. Sugarcane expansion resulted
in a significant reduction of pastures and cattle heads and higher economic growth than in neighboring areas. It could not
be established to what extent the discontinuation of cattle production induced expansion of pastures in other areas, possibly
leading to indirect deforestation. However, the results indicate that a possible migration of the cattle production reached
further than the neighboring of expansion regions. Occurring at much smaller rates, expansion of sugarcane in regions such
as the Amazon and the Northeast region was related to direct deforestation and competition with food crops, and appear not
to have induced economic growth. These regions are not expected to experience substantial increases of sugarcane in the near
future, but mitigating measures are warranted. 相似文献
28.
Dolenec T Serafimovski T Tasev G Dobnikar M Dolenec M Rogan N 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2007,29(1):21-32
The objective of this study was to assess the bulk chemical composition as well as the extent and severity of heavy metal
contamination in the paddy soil of Kočani Field (eastern Macedonia). The results revealed that the paddy soil of the western
part of Kočani Field is severely contaminated with Pb, Zn, As and Cd in the vicinity of the Zletovska River due to irrigation
with riverine water that is severely affected by acid mine and tailing effluents from the Pb–Zn mine in Zletovo. The detected
total concentrations of these metals are far above the threshold values considered to be phytotoxically excessive for surface
soil. The paddy soil in the vicinity of the Zletovska River was also found to exhibit elevated levels of Ba, Th, U, V, W,
Mo, Cu, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Hg and Tl, with concentrations above their generally accepted median concentration values obtained
during this study. A correlation matrix revealed that the Mn and Fe oxides/hydroxides are the most important carrier phase
for several trace elements, with the exception of rare earth elements (REEs). These also represent a major sink for the observed
heavy metal pollution of the soil. REEs are mostly associated with two phases: light (L)REEs are bound to K-Al, while heavy
(H)REEs are bound to Mg-bearing minerals. Although there is no direct evidence of a health risk, the paddy soil in the vicinity
of Zletovska River needs further investigation and an assessment should be made of its suitability for agricultural use, particularly
in view of the highly elevated concentrations of Pb, Zn, As and Cd. 相似文献
29.
Dejan Dimkić Milan Dimkić Andjelko Soro Dusan Pavlović Goran Jevtić Vladimir Lukić Dragan Svrkota 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(25):20149-20159
Water scarcity, especially in the hydrologically critical part of the year, is a problem often present in many cities and regions, particularly in arid and sub-arid areas. Climate change and human water demand compound the problem. This paper discusses a climate change adaptation measure—the possibility of karst spring overexploitation, where there is a siphon-shaped cavity inside the mountain. The pilot area is near the city of Ni?, where a decreasing precipitation trend has already been observed and is expected to continue in the future. The paper also presents some basic information related to the pilot area and undertaken investigations. The project, successfully implemented in 2004, has provided the city of Ni? with an additional amount of 200 l/s of spring water during the most critical part of the year. 相似文献
30.
Gajski G Ravlic S Capuder Z Garaj-Vrhovac V 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2007,42(6):607-613
Wide distribution, stability and long persistence in the environment of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), probably the best-known and most useful insecticide in the world, imposes the need for further examination of the effect of this chemical on human health and especially on the human genome. In this study, peripheral blood human lymphocytes from a healthy donor were exposed to 0.025 mg/L concentration of p,p'-DDT at different time periods (1, 2, 24 and 48 h). For the assessment of genotoxic effect, the new criteria for scoring micronucleus test and alkaline comet assay were used. Both methods showed that p,p'-DDT induces DNA damage in low concentration used in this research. Results of micronucleus test showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) genotoxic effect of p,p'-DDT on human lymphocytes compared with corresponding control and a different exposure time. A comet assay also showed increased DNA damage caused in p,p'-DDT-exposed human lymphocytes than in corresponding control cells for the tail length. Results obtained by measuring the level of DNA migration and incidence of micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) indicate the sensitivity of these tests and their application in detection of primary genome damage after long-term exposure to establish the effect of p,p'-DDT on human genome. 相似文献