全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18164篇 |
免费 | 237篇 |
国内免费 | 392篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 515篇 |
废物处理 | 715篇 |
环保管理 | 1988篇 |
综合类 | 5850篇 |
基础理论 | 3706篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 4324篇 |
评价与监测 | 927篇 |
社会与环境 | 666篇 |
灾害及防治 | 100篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 182篇 |
2021年 | 145篇 |
2018年 | 251篇 |
2017年 | 235篇 |
2016年 | 327篇 |
2015年 | 270篇 |
2014年 | 395篇 |
2013年 | 1247篇 |
2012年 | 437篇 |
2011年 | 591篇 |
2010年 | 559篇 |
2009年 | 626篇 |
2008年 | 615篇 |
2007年 | 643篇 |
2006年 | 568篇 |
2005年 | 508篇 |
2004年 | 529篇 |
2003年 | 485篇 |
2002年 | 465篇 |
2001年 | 641篇 |
2000年 | 436篇 |
1999年 | 297篇 |
1998年 | 207篇 |
1997年 | 204篇 |
1996年 | 201篇 |
1995年 | 239篇 |
1994年 | 251篇 |
1993年 | 213篇 |
1992年 | 232篇 |
1991年 | 236篇 |
1990年 | 257篇 |
1989年 | 232篇 |
1988年 | 183篇 |
1987年 | 182篇 |
1986年 | 182篇 |
1985年 | 181篇 |
1984年 | 199篇 |
1983年 | 188篇 |
1982年 | 197篇 |
1981年 | 208篇 |
1980年 | 170篇 |
1979年 | 181篇 |
1978年 | 150篇 |
1974年 | 147篇 |
1973年 | 146篇 |
1968年 | 156篇 |
1967年 | 184篇 |
1966年 | 154篇 |
1965年 | 148篇 |
1964年 | 151篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
31.
Galia Yaari Georgio Tachiev Timothy R. Dean Doris Betancourt Stephanie Long 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2007,17(2):109-126
The survival of aqueous suspensions of Penicillium chrysogenum, Stachybotrys chartarum, Aspergillus versicolor, and Cladosporium cladosporioides spores was evaluated using various combinations of hydrogen peroxide and Fe2+ as catalyst. Spore concentrations of 106–107 colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) were suspended in water and treated with initial hydrogen peroxide and iron concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 10 percent and 100 to 200 ppm, respectively. After four hours of reaction time, samples were plated on agar plates, and the viable fraction of spores was determined by the number of colonies formed. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations above 50,000 ppm resulted in greater than 6‐log10 reduction of viable spores for both catalyzed and noncatalyzed reactions. Iron had a strong catalytic effect when added to solutions with hydrogen peroxide concentration above 5,000 ppm and resulted in two to three orders of magnitude greater reduction compared to hydrogen peroxide alone. Additional samples taken after 24 hours of reaction time showed that the effect of the addition of 100 and 200 ppm of Fe2+ catalyst was mostly kinetic, and noncatalyzed hydrogen peroxide had sporicidal effects similar to catalyzed hydrogen peroxide. This study identified initial reagent concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and Fe2+ that accomplish a 6‐log10 reduction of viable mold spores within reaction times of 4 and 24 hours. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
32.
A. Migné D. Davoult N. Spilmont D. Menu G. Boucher J.-P. Gattuso H. Rybarczyk 《Marine Biology》2002,140(4):865-869
This paper describes a closed-chamber method for measuring CO2 fluxes in intertidal soft sediments during periods of emersion. The method relies on closed-circuit incubations of undisturbed sediment and measurement of CO2 exchanges using an infrared gas analyser. The method was assessed during field experiments, both in light and dark conditions, on an exposed sandy beach and in an estuary. The rates of gross community production measured under moderate irradiance (4.2 mg C m-2 h-1 on the exposed sandy beach and 35 mg C m-2 h-1 in the estuary) are in good agreement with rates reported in the literature. In conjunction with appropriate sampling strategies, this method can be useful for estimating and comparing production of intertidal areas or for assessing factors that influence production. 相似文献
33.
34.
35.
We examined the chemical antifouling properties of four sublittoral red algae, Chondrus crispus, Delesseria sanguinea, Osmundea ramosissima, and Polyides rotundus, which are all rarely fouled in the field. Two different approaches were used. Firstly, we tested the effects of lipophilic crude extracts on the settlement behaviour of cyprid larvae of the co-existing barnacle Balanus improvisus. Secondly, in a settlement preference experiment, we tested whether B. improvisus cyprid larvae settle on living algae when given a choice between natural algal surfaces and control surfaces. With this procedure, we were able to test both if the algae inhibit recruitment of cyprids, and if this inhibition is a result of chemistry. The settlement of B. improvisus larvae was strongly inhibited at concentrations estimated to be potentially ecologically relevant for all of the tested extracts. However, only C. crispus significantly inhibited settlement in the preference experiment, even though there was also a tendency for settlement inhibition on P. rotundus and O. ramosissima. In contrast, D. sanguinea seemed to stimulate settlement. This contradiction probably resulted from an extraction of metabolites that naturally occur only inside the alga. However, as this study shows, a combination of settlement assays with whole-cell extracts and preference tests of ecologically relevant fouling organisms on natural algal and control surfaces may be a useful procedure to avoid erroneous conclusions regarding natural antifouling roles of compounds based on settlement assays with only whole-cell extracts. Furthermore, this study also shows that production of inhibitory metabolites may explain the low degree of fouling, especially by B. improvisus, on C. crispus.Communicated by L. Hagerman, Helsingør 相似文献
36.
37.
S. H. Dinius 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(5):833-843
ABSTRACT: This paper describes the formulation of an Index of Water Quality to evaluate the level of pollution in fresh water. A Four-Round Delphi equation, using a panel of seven nationally recognized water scientists, was performed to ascertain the pollutants to be included in the index, the relationship between the quantity of these pollutants in the water and the resulting quality of the water, and the importance of each pollution variable to each water use as well as to overall pollution. A multiplicative index was used to bring the pollutants together into one system. 相似文献
38.
Living veligers of the Cassoidea have been observed to use a mantle appendage to form and resorb periostracum. Anatomical and histological examinations of a ranellid (Cymatium sp.) larva collected from the Red Sea in 1987 revealed the structure and location of the pallial appendage. The mantle edges of juvenile or adult species of the Cassoidea do not show a comparable specialization. It is demonstrated that cassoid larval conch characters are sufficient to prove the existence of a pallial appendage without anatomical confirmation. A mantle appendage is not known from teleplanic (long-living planktic) veligers of other gastropod superfamilies. In cases where the larval strategies of the latter are known they are totally different. Therefore it is suggested that the adaptation of cassoid larvae to pelagic life is unique among gastropods representing an autapomorphic character of the superfamily. 相似文献
39.
Global change, i.e. the mega-process radically transforming the relationship between nature and human civilization since
the end of World War II, is investigated from the point of view of systems analysis. It is argued that this unbridled process
should rather be domesticated by planetary control strategies transpiring from a new science called “geocybernetics”. The
formal aspects of geocybernetic theory are sketched and illustrated in a tutorial theatre world reflecting the overall environment
and development problematic. Within this setting a straightforward operationalization of the sweeping “sustainable development”
ideal through a set of concise paradigms can be achieved. Evidence is provided that geocybernetics is actually feasible on
the basis of earth system modelling and fuzzy-control techniques. 相似文献
40.