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101.
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103.
用小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和木屑作为吸油材料对0#柴油进行吸附研究,比较3种农业废弃物在纯油、油水样中的吸附性能及漂浮性能,并采用正交实验对影响3种农业废弃物除油率的因素条件进行了优化.结果表明:(1)小麦秸秆、木屑和玉米秸秆对柴油的吸附速率都很快,无论是在纯油中,还是在油水样中,5 min即可达到吸附饱和状态.在纯油中,小麦秸秆饱和吸油量最大,为8.54 g/g;木屑次之,为8.20 g/g;玉米秸秆饱和吸油量最小,为7.03 g/g.在油水样中,小麦秸秆饱和吸油量最大,为8.54 g/g;木屑次之,为8.08 g/g;玉米秸秆饱和吸油量最小,为7.02 g/g.(2)振荡使得小麦秸秆、木屑和玉米秸秆漂浮性能都出现明显下降,它们的漂浮率依次为小麦秸秆>木屑>玉米秸秆.(3)在振荡频率为0 r/min、投加量为0.9g、油膜厚度为0.55 mm的条件下,玉米秸秆和木屑粒径为830~1 700 μm、小麦秸秆粒径为500~830 μm时,除油效果最佳. 相似文献
104.
山地城市暴雨径流污染特性及控制对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解山城重庆的暴雨径流污染特性,充实国内仍然薄弱的基础资料,对4种用地类型的4场暴雨进行了监测,测试指标包括TSS、COD、TP、TN和NH3-N。结果表明,对于坡度2.5%的交通干道和坡度30%的校园人行道,从污染物浓度降幅的角度考虑初期径流的控制量应分别为2~3 mm和1.8 mm。随降雨时间的延长,路面污染物浓度迅速降低,坡度越大,降低速率越快。对于平均浓度,校园屋顶和草坪的各污染物浓度均达到地表水环境质量Ⅴ类标准(总氮和氨氮除外)。交通干道和校园人行道的总磷平均浓度也满足地表水环境质量Ⅴ类标准,但2种下垫面的COD、TN和氨氮平均浓度分别超出地表水环境质量Ⅴ类标准的2~8倍、1.9~3.1倍和1.9~4.3倍。对于交通干道,场次降雨径流的总氮、总磷和氨氮平均浓度与初期浓度的比值和污染物浓度20 min降幅接近(分别为0.5~0.53和50%~55%)接近,而COD和TSS平均浓度与初期浓度的比值和污染物浓度20 min降幅相近(分别为0.35~0.37和78%~84%)。对于校园人行道,污染物浓度20 min降幅均达到90%以上(90%~96%),场次降雨径流的总氮、总磷、氨氮、COD和TSS的平均浓度与初期浓度的比值接近(0.3~0.4)。研究结果为山地城市暴雨径流的污染控制提供了参考。 相似文献
105.
污泥转移SBR工艺处理低浓度生活污水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
污泥转移SBR工艺是一种通过内部污泥回流实现污泥在不同SBR隔室间转移,从而增加污泥利用效率,提高系统除污效能的新工艺。以设计规模为240 m3/d、处理低浓度生活污水的工艺系统为对象,研究了新工艺在不同泥转移量(污泥回流比)下的除污性能,并与系统以传统SBR方式运行的情况进行了对比。结果表明,新工艺可以有效提高SBR反应器的容积利用率;采用30%的污泥回流比进行污泥转移,新工艺的处理能力比传统SBR工艺提高近1/2,除磷效率从46%提升至85%。出水各项水质指标均能达到国家排放标准的要求。 相似文献
106.
Occurrence, sources, and inventory of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in soils from Chongming Island, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) is a concern due to their large usage combining with physico-chemical properties and toxicity to wildlife and human. However, very limited data were reported on HBCDs in soils, especially from rural area. In this study, 22 soil samples were collected from Chongming Island at estuary of the Yangtze River Delta, to investigate the level, diasteroisomer profile, potential sources, and mass inventory of HBCDs. The total concentrations ranged from not detected to 93.8 pg g−1 dry weight (dw) with a mean of 23.3 pg g−1 dw, which was at the low end of the global levels. The wide distribution of HBCDs in soils suggested that the local emissions of HBCD-containing materials and/or the inputs via atmospheric transport from other regions were two possible sources. Variation of HBCDs levels was observed in different types of soils. Woodland, tideland and road soils contained slightly higher HBCDs than those of farmland and grassland. Overall, γ-HBCD was the dominant diasteroisomer in soils, followed by α-HBCD and β-HBCD. Significant but weak correlations were only found between α-HBCD and β-HBCD versus TOC content in soils. Currently, the mass inventory of HBCDs in soils of Chongming Island was 5.3 kg. Based on these data, we gave perspective on human intake of HBCDs via soil ingestion by age. Local resident’s intakes ranged from 15.5 to 97.8 fg kg body weight−1 d−1, in which children are exposed more than adults. 相似文献
107.
Pan X Tang J Chen Y Li J Zhang G 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(12):3515-3521
PCN congeners were analyzed in marine and riverine sediments of the Laizhou Bay area, North China. Concentrations of PCNs ranged from 0.12 to 5.1 ng g−1 dry weight (dw) with a mean value of 1.1 ng g−1 dw. The levels of PCNs varied largely, with industrial group approximately ten folds higher than those of the rural in riverine sediment. A strong impact by direct discharge from local factories was suggested. Similar compositional profiles were found within groups. High resemblance of compositional profiles between industrial samples and Halowax 1014 was observed. It was indicated that PCNs in riverine sediments were mainly from release of industrial usage, with additional contributions from industrial thermal process at certain sites. In marine sediments, it was suggested that PCNs along the coast of Laizhou Bay were mainly controlled by riverine input. While in the central bay, PCN distributions were possibly impacted by combined multiple factors. 相似文献
108.
区域环境容量评价与分析是区域合理开发和布局的重要依据。在ARCGIS技术的支持下,首先对长株潭城市群核心区大气、水和土壤环境容量分别进行评价与分析,形成等级图,然后,进行各因素空间叠加,经综合分析与评价,将核心区划分为5个区域:优良区、合理区、饱和区、超饱和区、过度饱和区,并且还提出了相应的建议与对策。其主旨是为促进该区域空间科学开发与布局、生态环境的合理保护,对规范长株潭城市群“两型社会”建设理性发展具有非常重要的意义,并提供参考依据 相似文献
109.
Adsorption of arsenic(V) by iron-oxide-coated diatomite (IOCD) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yi-Fong Pan Cary T. Chiou Tsair-Fuh Lin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(8):1401-1410
Purposes and aims
Economically efficient methods for removing arsenic from the drinking water supply are urgently needed in many parts of the world. Iron oxides are known to have a strong affinity for arsenic in water. However, they are commonly present in the forms of fine powder or floc, which limits their utility in water treatment. In this study, a novel granular adsorbent, iron-oxide-coated diatomite (IOCD), was developed and examined for its adsorption of arsenic from water. 相似文献110.
Xu Bentuo Wu Minghong Pan Chenyuan Sun Yan Yuan Debao Tang Liang Xu Gang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(16):14409-14416
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Hydroxylated polyhalodiphenyl ethers (HO-PXDEs) have attracted considerable scientific interest as examples of emerging aquatic pollutants. However, a... 相似文献