Eutrophication development and its key regulating factors in a water-supply reservoir in North China

Yanghe Reservoir is an important source of drinking water for Qinhuangdao City,North China;however,in recent decades this water source has been eutrophic with recurrent summer cyanobacterial blooms.The trophic grade of the system in summer was mesotrophiceutrophic in 1990 and became hypertrophic in 2011.The nutrient availability is extremely high during the entire year,and the water temperature should be the primary driver of the summer blooms.In May-October of 2010 and 2011,abrupt variations were observed in the Secchi depth(SD) and chlorophyll a(Chl-a),and both the correlated analysis of Chl-a-SD and trophic status indices(TSI) deviation(TSI Chl-a-TSI SD) showed that algal cell density dominated light attenuation.During the algal bloom outbreak,the microcystin concentration was found to vary between 0.35-2.12 μg/L in 2010 and 0.11-1.86 μg/L in 2011.The maximum microcystin content was more than two times the safety limit required for drinking water.Inflow discharges were most concentrated in the summer,with periods of lower residence time and the largest water level fluctuation over the entire year.When a high availability of nutrients promoted a high Chl-a concentration in the whole system,it appeared that the instability caused by the decrease in residence time could not produce effective changes in the cyanobacterial abundance.The results indicated that nutrient enrichment in the aquatic systems of Yanghe Reservoir is the most serious problem and that the status would not been modified effectively by increasing hydrological fluctuations(e.g.,decreasing the residence time).Therefore,decreasing the nutrient concentrations is the only route to improve the water quality of this reservoir.     

新疆奎屯市“十二五”城市声环境监测点位优化布设方案

随着城市建设步伐的加快,人口数量增多,城市基础设施的完善,建成区的扩大和功能区类型的改变,"十二五"城市声环境监测点位的调整、优化是必然趋势。本文结合新疆奎屯市"十二五"城市声环境监测点位优化布设的实际工作情况,对城市声环境监测点位优化布点原则、方法等进行了阐述。以"十一五"声环境监测点位布设现状为基础,结合功能区环境噪声的普查数据,对优化选点监测数据进行分析,选出具有空间分布适当,可以保证设备安全,方便操作,并且数据具有较好的代表性的测点。     

阳澄湖蓝藻综合监测监控模式研究

以昆山为例,从监测点集成范围的选择、数据采集模式研究、数据传输模式研究、数据集成标准研究、数据应用展示样机等方面,对阳澄湖蓝藻综合监测监控模式进行研究,应用3G、物联网、云推送等新技术;制定《昆山市环境质量自动监测数据集成标准模式》和《昆山市环境质量自动监控通讯传输技术规范》;探索一条湖泊蓝藻综合监测监控的新思路和新模式。     

基于层次分析法（AHP）的环境绩效审计评价体系构建研究——以丽水市为例

文章构建了环境绩效审计综合评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定指标体系的权重,对于提高环境绩效审计工作质量和效率具有重要意义。丽水市生态资金绩效审计的实证研究结果表明,指标体系评价结果能客观反映市县行政区实际,指明影响环境管理绩效的消极因素,能有效提高财政经费使用效益,充分发挥审计服务科学发展的作用。     

非潮汐淹水对白骨壤膜脂过氧化系统的影响

通过室内模拟非潮汐淹水,探索不同淹水水位条件下,红树植物白骨壤(A.marina(Forsk.)Vierh).超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)随时间的变化情况。结果表明,经历第二个淹水周期后,较第一个周期各梯度,白骨壤超氧化物歧化酶活性(SOD)从高到低排序不变,过氧化氢酶活性(CAT)、丙二醛的量(MDA)也表现出相同的规律。本研究结论为红树植物在人工非潮汐生境下,红树林造林的关键技术之一——淹水水位的控制提供了数据参考。     

建设项目环境影响评价中面临的政策性制约因素及对策研究

本文系统地分析了建设项目环境影响评价中面临的政策性制约因素,提出相应的解决方案与对策,包括建设项目筛选优化、编制规划环评、落实主要污染物总量控制指标、项目选址(线)努力避开环境敏感区,等等,从而有序、高效推进建设项目环评审批工作.     

西南山地铅锌矿区耕地土壤和谷类产品重金属含量及健康风险评价

对西南山地某铅锌矿区耕地土壤（旱地和水田）和主要谷物类产品（小麦、玉米和稻米）进行取样调查,分别测定并分析了土壤和谷物中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr、Cd、As等重金属的含量.同时,通过Nemero综合污染指数评价了矿区耕地土壤的污染状况,并利用MMSOILS风险评价模型评价了食用当地谷物类产品对成人和儿童造成的重金属健康风...     

水蚯蚓对硝化细菌活性影响的试验研究

采用SBR反应器富集培养富含硝化细菌的活性污泥,利用填料挂载的方法向SBR反应器投加水蚯蚓,考察了水蚯蚓对SBR反应器硝化效率及硝化细菌活性的影响.结果表明,SBR反应器挂载水蚯蚓后,SBR系统的硝化速率降低了16.65%,NO2--N氧化率减少量约为24%.通过对SBR系统单一周期各形态氮素浓度变化规律进行考察,发现...     

焦化废水处理工程调试运行研究

针对焦化废水处理调试运行存在的问题,以实际运行中的焦化废水处理工程为例,介绍了其调试运行过程.指出焦化废水调试及稳定运行的控制要点,并提出调试运行过程中可能出现的问题及解决措施,为同类废水的调试和运行提供参考.     

Potential particulate pollution derived from UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide

UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was carried out in a static White cell chamber with UV irradiation. The combination of in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), wide-range particle spectrometer (WPS) technique, filter sampling and ion chromatographic (IC) analysis was used to monitor the gaseous and potential particulate products. During 240 min of UV irradiation, the degradation e ciency of DMS attained 20.9%, and partially oxidized sulfur-containing gaseous products, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were identified by in situ FT-IR and GC-MS analysis, respectively. Accompanying with the oxidation of DMS, suspended particles were directly detected to be formed by WPS techniques. These particles were measured mainly in the size range of accumulation mode, and increased their count median diameter throughout the whole removal process. IC analysis of the filter samples revealed that methanesulfonic acid (MSA), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and other unidentified chemicals accounted for the major non-refractory compositions of these particles. Based on products analysis and possible intermediates formed, the degradation pathways of DMS were proposed as the combination of the O(1D)- and the OH- initiated oxidation mechanisms. A plausible formation mechanism of the suspended particles was also analyzed. It is concluded that UV-induced degradation of odorous DMS is potentially a source of particulate pollutants in the atmosphere.