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排序方式: 共有366条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
This study explored the removal of five veterinary pharmaceuticals (VPs) (sulfamethoxazole (SMETOX), trimethoprim (TMP),
ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), dexamethasone (DEXA) and febantel (FEBA)) from different water matrices (Milli-Q water, model water, tap
water and real pharmaceutical wastewater using four types of nanofiltration (NF) membranes (NF90, NF270, NF and HL) and two
reverse osmosis (RO) membranes (LFC-1 and XLE). All VPs were added to different water matrices at a concentration of 10 mg/L.
Rejections of VPs and water flux were measured. The rejection increased with increase of molecular weight. The highest rejections
were obtained with RO membranes (LFC-1, XLE) and tight NF (NF90) membrane. In general, the rejection of VPs was higher in
model water and tap water than in Milli-Q water, but the water flux was lower. This was mainly explained by ion adsorption inside the
membranes pores. Narrower pore size counteracted the effect of presence of low concentration of natural organic matter (NOM) in tap
water. The NOM was assumed to enhance the adsorption of VPs onto membrane surface, increased the size exclusion and electrostatic
repulsion also appeared during the transport. Investigated water matrices had influence on water flux decline due to their complexity. 相似文献
102.
Todorović B Milijasević-Marčić S Potočnik I Stepanović M Rekanović E Nikolić-Bujanović L Cekerevac M 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(3):175-179
In vitro antibacterial activity tests of seven biofungicides (Ekstrasol, Bisolbisan, Bisolbifit, Serenade, Sonata, Timorex, F-Stop) and two disinfectants (colloidal silver alone and in combination with hydrogen peroxide) against the Pseudomonas tolaasii strain (NS3B6) were carried out by the disc-diffusion, broth microdilution and broth macrodilution method. Biofungicides tested in this study did not exhibit any antimicrobial activity in neither one of the methods used. Disc diffusion method revealed high sensitivity of the tested P. tolaasii strain to Ecocute based on colloidal silver and hydrogen peroxide. Both microdilution and macrodilution methods identified the same MICs and MBCs of Ecocute (0.19 mg/L) for P. tolaasii strain. MICs and MBCs values of silver alone were much higher (10 mg/L) compared to silver in combination with hydrogen peroxide. 相似文献
103.
Jeran Z Mrak T Jaćimović R Batic F Kastelec D Mavsar R Simoncic P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,146(2):324-331
Two country-wide surveys using epiphytic lichens as biomonitors of atmospheric pollution carried out during 2000 and 2001 in Slovenia were compared with surveys in 1991 and 1992. In the first survey, epiphytic lichen cover was studied in more than 500 plots of the 4 x 4 km national grid carried out within the framework of forest decline inventories. In the second survey, the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., was collected on a 16 x 16 km bioindication grid and analysed for S, N, As, Br, Ce, Cd, Cr, K, La, Mo, Rb, Sb, Th, U and Zn contents. Only 'forested area' sampling points were included in the present study. Lichen cover was low, with about 70% of plots with less than 10% foliose lichen cover. No relationship was found between Hypogymnia trace element, N and S concentrations and foliose epiphytic lichen cover. 相似文献
104.
Dragana Vujović Vladan Vučković Mlađen Ćurić 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(5):3415-3426
An aqueous chemical module is created and included into a complex three-dimensional atmospheric cloud-resolving mesoscale model. In the chemical module, oxidation of S(IV) by ozone and hydrogen peroxide in cloud-water and rainwater, as important process of the sulfate production is included. To examine the impact of topography on the sulfate redistribution in a clean and a polluted environment, the complex topography of Serbia is included in the model. Numerical simulations of an isolated summer Cumulonimbus cloud shows that thunderstorms generate very strong vertical sulfate redistribution from the planetary boundary layer to the upper troposphere. This redistribution is sensitive to cloud dynamics, while cloud microphysics and precipitation determine wet removal of the chemical species. In simulations with realistic topography, the chemical species are transported over larger distances close to the surface, while in the upper atmosphere, there is no difference compared to the simulations without topography. The sensitivity tests of cloud chemistry to the physical processes are made. Omission of nucleation and impact scavenging of aerosols in the model simulations shows that 75.8 and 62.5 % of total sulfur mass deposited in the base experiment for the clean and the polluted environment, respectively, is the result of other processes. Exclusion of oxidation accounted for 19.2 and 37.7 % of total sulfur deposited for clean and polluted environment. Ignoring the ice phase almost not change mass of deposited sulfur: there is an increase of 2.9 and 1.5 % for clean and polluted atmosphere, respectively. Real topography conditions affect the sulfate redistribution in the sense of greater possibilities of transport. Numerical simulations without real topography give an artificial increase of deposited sulfur mass of about 25?30 %. 相似文献
105.
Goran Šinko Ivana Vinković Vrček Walter Goessler Gerd Leitinger Adriana Dijanošić Snežana Miljanić 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(2):1391-1400
Due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in a large number of commercial and medical products. Such proliferated AgNP production poses toxicological and environmental issues which need to be addressed. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of AgNPs on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), important enzymes in areas of neurobiology, toxicology and pharmacology. Three different AgNPs, prepared by the chemical reduction using trisodium citrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (Cl-AgNPs), and borohydride following stabilization with poly(vinyl alcohol), were purified and characterised with respect to their sizes, shapes and optical properties. Their inhibition potential on AChE and BChE was evaluated in vitro using an enzyme assay with o-nitrophenyl acetate or o-nitrophenyl butyrate as substrates, respectively. All three studied AgNPs were reversible inhibitors of ChEs. Among tested nanoparticles, Cl-AgNP was found to be the most potent inhibitor of both AChE and BChE. Although the detailed mechanism by which the AgNPs inhibit esterase activities remains unknown, structural perturbation of the enzyme may be the common mode of ChE inhibition by AgNPs. 相似文献
106.
Adamović Vladimir M. Antanasijević Davor Z. Ristić Mirjana Đ. Perić-Grujić Aleksandra A. Pocajt Viktor V. 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(3):1736-1750
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This paper presents a development of general regression neural network (a form of artificial neural network) models for the prediction of annual... 相似文献
107.
Biljana Mirković Milan Stević Jovana Hrustić Milica Mihajlović Goran Delibašić 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(12):845-850
Field isolates of Didymella applanata, the causal agent of spur blight of raspberry, were evaluated in vitro for their sensitivity to mancozeb, chlorothalonil, captan, fluopyram, boscalid and difenoconazole. A total of 10 isolates, collected during 2013 at five localities in the major raspberry growing region in Serbia, and characterized as copper hydroxide, dithianon, and tebuconazole (sensitive), pyraclostrobin (sensitive or highly resistant) and fluazinam (sensitive or moderately resistant), were used in this study. The EC50 values for the isolates ranged from 1.33 to 2.88 mg L?1 for mancozeb, from 3.18 to 6.65 mg L?1 for chlorothalonil, from 15.75 to 24.69 mg L?1 for captan and from 1.80 to 8.20 mg L?1 for fluopyram. The narrowest range of EC50 values was recorded for difenoconazole (0.23–0.49 mg L?1), whereas the widest range was obtained for boscalid (4.49–49.25 mg L?1). The calculated resistance factors showed that all D. applanata isolates were sensitive to mancozeb, chlorothalonil, captan, and difenoconazole. Four isolates were moderately resistant to boscalid, while three of them were also moderately resistant to fluopyram. This finding of moderately resistant isolates to these SDHI fungicides indicates a possible cross-resistance which should be clarified in further investigations. 相似文献
108.
Z. M. Grahovac S. S. Mitić E. T. Pecev A. N. Pavlović 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):783-789
In the present study, a new sensitive and simple kinetic-spectrophotometric method for the determination of the insecticide diflubenzuron [1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,6-diflubenzoil)urea] is proposed. The method is based on the inhibited effect of diflubenzuron on the oxidation of sulphanilic acid (SA) by hydrogen peroxide in phosphate buffer in presence Cu(II) ion. Diflubenzuron was determined with linear calibration graph in the interval from 0.31 to 3.1 μg mL?1 and from 3.1 to 31.0 μg mL?1. The optimized conditions yielded a theoretical detection limit of 0.18 μg mL?1corresponding to 0.036 mg Kg?1mushroom sample based on the 3Sb criterion. The RSD is 5.03–1.83 % and 2.81–0.71 % for the concentration interval of diflubenzuron 0.31–3.1 μg mL?1and 3.1–31.0 μg mL?1, respectively. The reaction was followed spectrophotometrically at 370 nm. The kinetic parameters of the reaction are reported, and the rate equations are suggested. The developed procedure was successfully applied to the rapid determination of diflubenzuron in spiked mushroom samples of different mushroom species. The HPLC method was used like a comparative method to verify results. 相似文献
109.
Biljana Todorović Svetlana Milijasević-Marčić Ivana Potočnik Miloš Stepanović Emil Rekanović Ljiljana Nikolić-Bujanović 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):175-179
In vitro antibacterial activity tests of seven biofungicides (Ekstrasol, Bisolbisan, Bisolbifit, Serenade, Sonata, Timorex, F-Stop) and two disinfectants (colloidal silver alone and in combination with hydrogen peroxide) against the Pseudomonas tolaasii strain (NS3B6) were carried out by the disc-diffusion, broth microdilution and broth macrodilution method. Biofungicides tested in this study did not exhibit any antimicrobial activity in neither one of the methods used. Disc diffusion method revealed high sensitivity of the tested P. tolaasii strain to Ecocute based on colloidal silver and hydrogen peroxide. Both microdilution and macrodilution methods identified the same MICs and MBCs of Ecocute (0.19 mg/L) for P. tolaasii strain. MICs and MBCs values of silver alone were much higher (10 mg/L) compared to silver in combination with hydrogen peroxide. 相似文献
110.
Stoimir Kolarević Jelena Knežević-Vukčević Momir Paunović Margareta Kračun Božica Vasiljević Jelena Tomović Branka Vuković-Gačić Zoran Gačić 《Chemosphere》2013
This study was undertaken to investigate the potential of the freshwater mussel Sinanodonta woodiana for detection of genotoxic pollution of the environment. Study was performed at two sites in the Velika Morava River, from May 2010 to February 2011. The alkaline comet assay on haemocytes was used, and the olive tail moment (OTM) was chosen as a measure of DNA damage. The specimens held on acclimation under controlled laboratory conditions for 10 d were used as a control. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of phosphates and increased concentrations of zinc, copper and nickel at both sites during the entire sampling period. The values of OTM in mussels collected from the environment, significantly correlated with the concentration of zinc (r = 0.6248), temperature (r = 0.7006) and dissolved oxygen (r = 0.7738). Seasonal variations in genotoxic response were observed, with the highest OTM values obtained during summer months. Preliminary results of the in vitro study indicated the effect of water temperature on genotoxic response to zinc and cadmium in S. woodiana suggesting that the presence of genotoxic pollutants during months with lower temperature could be under-estimated. Obtained results indicate that S. woodiana could be a valuable tool for active biomonitoring of aquatic environments and emphasizes the importance of seasonal genotoxic monitoring with this organism. 相似文献