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11.
Maria das Graças Alonso de Oliveira Jean Nunes dos Santos Patrícia Ramos Cury Victor Hugo Pereira da Silva Nara Rejane Cruz Oliveira Ricardo da Costa Padovani Adriana Marcassa Tucci Daniel Araki Ribeiro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(8):5760-5764
The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate genomic damage (micronucleus) and cellular death (pyknosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis) in exfoliated oral mucosa cells from crack cocaine users by micronucleus test. A total of 30 crack cocaine users and 30 health controls (non-exposed individuals) were included in this setting. Individuals had epithelial cells from cheek mechanically exfoliated, placed in fixative, and dropped in clean slides, which were checked for the above nuclear phenotypes. The results pointed out significant statistical differences (p?<?0.05) of micronucleated oral mucosa cells from crack cocaine users. Exposure to crack cocaine caused an increase of other nuclear alterations closely related to cytotoxicity such as karyolysis in oral cells as well. In summary, these data indicate that crack cocaine is able to induce chromosomal breakage and cellular death in oral mucosa cells of users. 相似文献
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Joe Shaw Elizabeth Scotchman Ben Paternoster Maureen Ramos Sarah Nesbitt Sophie Sheppard Tristan Snowsill Lyn S. Chitty Natalie Chandler 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(4):477-488
Objectives
To develop a flexible droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) workflow to perform non-invasive prenatal diagnosis via relative mutation dosage (RMD) for maternal pathogenic variants with a range of inheritance patterns, and to compare the accuracy of multiple analytical approaches.Methods
Cell free DNA (cfDNA) was tested from 124 archived maternal plasma samples: 88 cases for sickle cell disease and 36 for rare Mendelian conditions. Three analytical methods were compared: sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT), Bayesian and z-score analyses.Results
The SPRT, Bayesian and z-score analyses performed similarly well with correct prediction rates of 96%, 97% and 98%, respectively. However, there were high rates of inconclusive results for each cohort, particularly for z-score analysis which was 31% overall. Two samples were incorrectly classified by all three analytical methods; a false negative result predicted for a fetus affected with sickle cell disease and a false positive result predicting the presence of an X-linked IDS variant in an unaffected fetus.Conclusions
ddPCR can be applied to RMD for diverse conditions and inheritance patterns, but all methods carry a small risk of erroneous results. Further evaluation is required both to reduce the rate of inconclusive results and explore discordant results in more detail. 相似文献14.
Joanna Burger Jessica Sanchez J. Whitfield Gibbons Jeanine Ondrof Robert Ramos Michael J. McMahon Karen F. Gaines Christine Lord Marie Fulmer Michael Gochfeld 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1999,57(2):195-211
Although considerable attention is devoted to environmental monitoring and assessment with respect to both pollutants and the status of particular plant or animal populations, less attention is devoted to assessing people's attitudes about the relative importance of ecological resources. In this paper we examine the attitudes and perceptions about ecological resources of people living around the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS), in South Carolina. Our overall hypothesis is that people who are directly affected by the possible outcomes and consequences of a particular hazard (i.e., those people employed at SRS) will undervalue the risks and overvalue the potential benefits from future land uses that favor continued site activity, compared to people who live near but are not employed at SRS. We interviewed 286 people attending the Aiken Trials horse show on 14 March 1997. There were few gender differences, although men hunted and fished more than women, women ranked three environmental concerns as more severe than did men, and women were more concerned about the effect of SRS on property values. Maintenance of SRS as a National Environmental Research Park ranked first as a future land use; nuclear production ranked second, followed by hunting and hiking. Only residential development ranked very low as a future land use. There were many differences as a function of employment history at SRS: 1) people who work at SRS think that the federal government should spend funds to clean up all nuclear facilities, and they think less money should be spent on other environmental problems than did non-employees, 2) people who work at SRS ranked continued current uses of SRS higher than did people who never worked at SRS, and 3) people who work at SRS are less concerned about the storage of nuclear material or accidents at the site than are people who never worked at the site. 相似文献
15.
Transportation system has contributed significantly to the development of human civilization; on the other hand it has an
enormous impact on the ambient air quality in several ways. In this paper the air and noise pollution at selected sites along
three sections of National Highway was monitored. Pakistan National Highway Authority has started a Highway Improvement
program for rehabilitations and maintenance of National highways to improve the traffic flows, and would ultimately improve
the air quality along highways. The ambient air quality and noise level was monitored at nine different locations along these
sections of highways to quantify the air pollution. The duration of monitoring at individual location was 72 h. The most of
the sampling points were near the urban or village population, schools or hospitals, in order to quantify the air pollution
at most affected locations along these roads. A database consisting of information regarding the source of emission, local
metrology and air quality may be created to assess the profile of air quality in the area. 相似文献
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M. García-Talavera J.L.M. MatarranzR. Salas L. Ramos 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(1):1-7
Radioactive and chemical risks coexist in NORM industries although they are usually addressed separately by regulations. The European Union (EU) has developed extensive legislation concerning both matters, which has been diversely reflected in national policies. We consider the case of the Spanish phosphate industry and analyse to which extent regulatory mandates have reduced the historical and ongoing radiological impact on the environment of phosphate facilities. Although no specific radiological constraints on effluent monitoring and release or on waste disposal have yet been imposed on NORM industries in Spain, other environmental regulations have achieved a substantial reduction on the phosphate industry impact. Nevertheless, a more efficient control could be established by eliminating the current conceptual and practical separation of chemical and radioactive risks in NORM industries. We highlight research needs to accomplish so and propose shorter-term measures that require active cooperation among the regulatory bodies involved. 相似文献
19.
Ventura-Lima J Ramos PB Fattorini D Regoli F Ferraz L de Carvalho LM Monserrat JM 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(8):1270-1278
Introduction
This study aimed to analyze antioxidant responses and oxidative damage induced by two inorganic forms of arsenic (As; AsIII and AsV) in an estuarine polychaete species, Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae). The capacity of arsenic biotransformation was also evaluated through the methylation process considering the activity of a key enzyme involved in the metabolization process. 相似文献20.
Adriana Melo Jousilene de Sales Tavares Marianny de Assis Costa Renato Santana de Aguiar Gustavo Malinger Fabiana de Oliveira Melo Mariana Balbino da-Silva Bruno Luiz Fonseca Schamber-Reis Gabriela Gama Amilcar Tanuri Leila Chimelli Patricia Oliveira-Szejnfeld Melania M. Ramos de Amorim 《黑龙江环境通报》2020,40(13):1732-1740