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排序方式: 共有122条查询结果,搜索用时 796 毫秒
51.
52.
Organochlorine concentrations in franciscana dolphins, Pontoporia blainvillei, from Brazilian waters
Lailson-Brito J Dorneles PR Azevedo-Silva CE Azevedo Ade F Vidal LG Marigo J Bertozzi C Zanelatto RC Bisi TL Malm O Torres JP 《Chemosphere》2011,84(7):882-887
Blubber samples were collected from ten franciscana dolphins either incidentally captured in fishing operations or stranded on São Paulo (SP) and Paraná (PR) states littoral, Southeastern and Southern Brazilian coast, respectively. Determination of PCB, DDT and HCB concentrations were performed by capillary gas chromatograph coupled to electron capture detector (ECD). ΣDDT, ΣPCB and HCB concentrations ranged from 264 ng g−1 to 5811 ng g−1 lipid, from 909 ng g−1 to 5849 ng g−1 lipid and from 10 ng g−1 to 61 ng g−1 lipid, respectively. Regarding DDTs, the distribution of the mean percentages decreased in the following order: p,p′-DDE > p,p′-DDD > p,p′-DDT. The ΣDDT/ΣPCB ratio varied between 0.27 and 0.42 in Northern and Central SP coast, while in Southern SP and PR coast the values were 1.6 and 1.9, respectively. Dissimilarities in ΣDDT/ΣPCB ratios point to different sources of organochlorine compounds to franciscana dolphins in the study area. Considering the endocrine disruptive action of organochlorine compounds, the concentrations found in franciscana dolphins from Brazilian waters may represent an additional obstacle to the conservation of this endangered cetacean species. 相似文献
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54.
Kjetil Sagerup Vladimir Savinov Tatiana Savinova Vadim Kuklin Derek C.G. Muir Geir W. Gabrielsen 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(8-9):2282-2290
The prediction of a higher parasite infection as a consequence of an impaired immune system with increasing persistent organic pollution (POP) and heavy metal levels were investigated in adult glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) from Svalbard. The levels of chlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), toxaphenes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in liver. Cupper, cadmium, lead, mercury, selenium and zinc were measured in kidney samples. An elevated ratio of PCB-118 was found, suggesting that local contamination from the settlement was detectable in the glaucous gull. Eight cestodes, four nematodes, two acanthocephalan and three trematode helminth species were found in the intestine. A positive correlation was found between cestode intensities and selenium levels and between acanthocephalan intensities and mercury levels. No correlation was found between parasite intensities and POP concentrations. It is concluded that the contaminant levels found in glaucous gulls do not cause immune suppression severe enough to affect parasite intensity. 相似文献
55.
Tatiana V. Komarova Michael E. Bartkow Steve Carter 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(3):731-736
Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were deployed in water using four different methods: a typical SPMD cage with and without a mesh cover, a bowl chamber and without any protection. In addition to routinely used performance reference compounds (PRCs), perdeuterated dibenz[a,h]anthracene was added. Due to its high sampler to water partition coefficient no measurable clearance due to diffusion was expected during the deployment period, hence any observed loss could be attributed to photodegradation. The loss of PRCs was measured and SPMD-based water concentrations determined. Results showed that a typical SPMD deployment cage covered with mesh provided the best protection from photodegradation. Samplers which had undergone the highest photodegradation underestimated PAH water concentrations by up to a factor of 5 compared to the most protected SPMDs. This study demonstrates that the potential for photodegradation needs to be addressed when samplers are deployed in water of low turbidity. 相似文献
56.
Fernando Llavador Colomer Enrique Mantilla Iglesias Tatiana Gómez Pérez Andreu Campos-Candel Caterina Coll Lozano 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):863-872
A monitoring program based on an indirect method was conducted to assess the approximation of the olfactory impact in several wastewater treatment plants (in the present work, only one is shown). The method uses H2S passive sampling using Palmes-type diffusion tubes impregnated with silver nitrate and fluorometric analysis employing fluorescein mercuric acetate. The analytical procedure was validated in the exposure chamber. Exposure periods of at least 4 days are recommended. The quantification limit of the procedure is 0.61 ppb for a 5-day sampling, which allows the H2S immission (ground concentration) level to be measured within its low odor threshold, from 0.5 to 300 ppb. Experimental results suggest an exposure time greater than 4 days, while recovery efficiency of the procedure, 93.0 ± 1.8%, seems not to depend on the amount of H2S collected by the samplers within their application range. The repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation, is lower than 7%, which is within the limits normally accepted for this type of sampler. Statistical comparison showed that this procedure and the reference method provide analogous accuracy. The proposed procedure was applied in two experimental campaigns, one intensive and the other extensive, and concentrations within the H2S low odor threshold were quantified at each sampling point. From these results, it can be concluded that the procedure shows good potential for monitoring the olfactory impact around facilities where H2S emissions are dominant.
Implications: Passive samplers are very attractive tools to experimentally tackle a number of air pollution problems, especially those related to odor impact. Their small size and cost permit a denser sampling design and thus a more detailed spatial characterization than other techniques. On the other hand, the large inherent variability in passive sampler measures requires an uncertainty analysis of the chemical species and analytical procedures used. 相似文献
57.
Simulation of the influence of industrial wastewater on a municipal sewage treatment plant—a case study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ákos Rédey Viola Somogyi József Ányos Endre Domokos Péter Thury Tatiana Yuzhakova 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(2):192-198
Purpose
Industrial wastewater flow caused operational difficulties in the wastewater treatment plant in Debrecen, Hungary. Bioaugmentation was successfully applied to maintain effluent quality in the periods when wastewater of high starch content was accepted, but, at the end of 2008, the nitrification capacity of the plant decreased considerably due to improperly pre-treated pharmaceutical wastewater. 相似文献58.
Tatiana Wuytack Kris Verheyen Karen Wuyts Fatemeh Kardel Sandy Adriaenssens Roeland Samson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,171(1-4):197-204
In this study, we assess the potential of white willow (Salix alba L.) as bioindicator for monitoring of air quality. Therefore, shoot biomass, specific leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal pore surface, and stomatal resistance were assessed from leaves of stem cuttings. The stem cuttings were introduced in two regions in Belgium with a relatively high and a relatively low level of air pollution, i.e., Antwerp city and Zoersel, respectively. In each of these regions, nine sampling points were selected. At each sampling point, three stem cuttings of white willow were planted in potting soil. Shoot biomass and specific leaf area were not significantly different between Antwerp city and Zoersel. Microclimatic differences between the sampling points may have been more important to plant growth than differences in air quality. However, stomatal pore surface and stomatal resistance of white willow were significantly different between Zoersel and Antwerp city. Stomatal pore surface was 20% lower in Antwerp city due to a significant reduction in both stomatal length (?11%) and stomatal width (?14%). Stomatal resistance at the adaxial leaf surface was 17% higher in Antwerp city because of the reduction in stomatal pore surface. Based on these results, we conclude that stomatal characteristics of white willow are potentially useful indicators for air quality. 相似文献
59.
Zamulina Inna V. Gorovtsov Andrey V. Minkina Tatiana M. Mandzhieva Saglara S. Burachevskaya Marina V. Bauer Tatiana V. 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2022,44(2):387-398
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Organic matter (OM) and enzymes activity can act as indicators of the time and level of soil contamination with heavy metal. The goal of this study is... 相似文献
60.
Konstantinova Elizaveta Minkina Tatiana Konstantinov Alexandr Sushkova Svetlana Antonenko Elena Kurasova Alina Loiko Sergey 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2022,44(2):409-432
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - This study investigated levels and sources of pollution and potential health risks associated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and polycyclic aromatic... 相似文献