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11.
Joanna P. Y. Chan Pei Rong Lau Ai Jie Tham Daiqin Li 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2008,62(5):639-646
In experiments that comprised of three phases (fight, choice, and mating) under “seen” and “unseen” conditions, we examined
the effects of the outcomes of male–male contests and female eavesdropping on female mate choice and male mating success in
the fighting spider, Thiania bhamoensis (Salticidae). The results revealed female eavesdropping on agonistic interactions. Females that had watched an aggressive
interaction showed no distinctive preference for the winner over the loser, but they preferred the loser when they had not
observed a fight. Winners, however, achieved a greater mating success than did losers during the mating phase. Gaining access
to females was based on the insistence of the winners in courtship in terms of the number of quivers, rather than on the fighting
behavior of the males. Hence, the outcome of male–male contests may not be an important determinant of a male’s mating success
in T. bhamoensis. Instead, courtship display plays an important role in determining the success of male mating in this species. This study
also suggests that female mate preference may not be a good indicator of eventual female mate choice and male mating success.
Thus, a causal relationship between female mate preference and male mating success cannot be inferred.
Joanna P. Y. Chan, Pei Rong Lau, and Ai Jie Tham contributed equally. 相似文献
12.
Albert T. Yeung K.Y. Mok L.G. Tham P.K.K. Lee Gordon Pei 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2006,47(4):375-393
The generation rate of construction and demolition (C&D) materials in Hong Kong has well exceeded the demand rate. An innovative solution has been developed by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government to use the inert portion of C&D materials, denoted as public fill, for seawall foundation construction. A field-scale pilot test has been conducted to evaluate the constructability and engineering performance of the foundation so as to establish the viability of the solution. Details of the pilot test and results of the performance evaluation are presented in this paper. More importantly, the viability of an innovation solution to achieve effective allocation of sand fill resources, and conservation and recycling of inert C&D materials has been established. 相似文献
13.
Suzanne Christine Aboudi Mana Ng Tham Fatt Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(29):22799-22807
The field of arsenic pollution research has grown rapidly in recent years. Arsenic constitutes a broad range of elements from the Earth’s crust and is released into the environment from both anthropogenic and natural sources due to its relative mobility under different redox conditions. The toxicity of arsenic is described in its inorganic form, as inorganic arsenic compounds can leach into different environments. Sampling was carried out in the Bestari Jaya catchment while using a land use map to locate the site, and experiments were conducted via sequential extraction and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy to quantify proportions of arsenic in the sediment samples. The results show that metals in sediments of nonresidual fractions, which are more likely to be likely released into aquatic environments, are more plentiful than the residual sediment fractions. These findings support the mobility of heavy metals and especially arsenic through sediment layers, which can facilitate remediation in environments heavily polluted with heavy metals. 相似文献
14.
M.O. Fadeyi C.J. Weschler K.W. Tham 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(22-23):3538-3547
This study examined the impact of recirculation rates (7 and 14 h?1), ventilation rates (1 and 2 h?1), and filtration on secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) generated by ozone of outdoor origin reacting with limonene of indoor origin. Experiments were conducted within a recirculating air handling system that serviced an unoccupied, 236 m3 environmental chamber configured to simulate an office; either no filter, a new filter or a used filter was located downstream of where outdoor air mixed with return air. For otherwise comparable conditions, the SOA number and mass concentrations at a recirculation rate of 14 h?1 were significantly smaller than at a recirculation rate of 7 h?1. This was due primarily to lower ozone concentrations, resulting from increased surface removal, at the higher recirculation rate. Increased ventilation increased outdoor-to-indoor transport of ozone, but this was more than offset by the increased dilution of SOA derived from ozone-initiated chemistry. The presence of a particle filter (new or used) strikingly lowered SOA number and mass concentrations compared with conditions when no filter was present. Even though the particle filter in this study had only 35% single-pass removal efficiency for 100 nm particles, filtration efficiency was greatly amplified by recirculation. SOA particle levels were reduced to an even greater extent when an activated carbon filter was in the system, due to ozone removal by the carbon filter. These findings improve our understanding of the influence of commonly employed energy saving procedures on occupant exposures to ozone and ozone-derived SOA. 相似文献
15.
Empirical assessment of debris flow risk on a regional scale in Yunnan province,southwestern China 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Adopting the definition suggested by the United Nations, a risk model for regional debris flow assessment is presented. Risk
is defined as the product of hazard and vulnerability, both of which are necessary for evaluation. A Multiple-Factor Composite
Assessment Model is developed for quantifying regional debris flow hazard by taking into account eight variables that contribute
to debris flow magnitude and its frequency of occurrence. Vulnerability is a measure of the potential total losses. On a regional
scale, it can be measured by the fixed asset, gross domestic product, land resources, population density, as well as the age,
education, and wealth of the inhabitants. A nonlinear power-function assessment model that accounts for these indexes is developed.
As a case study, the model is applied to compute the hazard, vulnerability and risk for each prefecture of the Yunnan province
in southwestern China. 相似文献
16.
Thang Nguyen Quoc Huy Bui The Khanh Dang Nguyen Nha Vy Ngo Thi Tuong Phuong Tran Ha Sy Do Trung Tham Le Thi Phuong Nguyen Thi Kim 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(39):54960-54971
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aimed to evaluate the health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), inorganic arsenic (As), and nitrate exposure through the consumption of... 相似文献
17.
W.?L.?Tham B.?T.?Poh Z.?A.?Mohd Ishak W.?S.?ChowEmail author 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2015,23(2):242-250
Poly(lactic acid)/halloysite nanoclay composites (PLA/HNC) containing maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS-g-MAH) were produced using melt compounding followed by compression molding. The effects of hygrothermal aging on the thermal properties and functional groups changes of the HNC reinforced PLA (with and without SEBS-g-MAH) at three different temperatures (i.e., 30, 40 and 50 °C) were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The diffusion coefficient (D) of PLA was decreased by the incorporation of HNC and SEBS-g-MAH. The activation energy of water diffusion (E a ) of PLA/HNC/SEBS-g-MAH nanocomposites was higher than that of pure PLA. The glass transition temperature (T g ), cold-crystallization temperature (T cc ) and melting temperature (T m ) of the PLA sample were shifted to lower temperature and the effect was more pronounced at 50 °C. The carbonyl index values of all PLA samples increased after immersed in 40 and 50 °C, which is due to the formation of higher amount of carboxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. 相似文献