排序方式: 共有61条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Mekou Youssoufa Bele Olufunso Somorin Denis Jean Sonwa Johnson Ndi Nkem Bruno Locatelli 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2011,16(3):369-385
Nowadays, adaptation has become a key focus of the scientific and policy-making communities and is a major area of discussion in the multilateral climate change process. As climate change is projected to hit the poorest the hardest, it is especially important for developing countries to pay particular attention to the management of natural resources and agricultural activities. In most of these countries such as Cameroon, forest can play important role in achieving broader climate change adaptation goals. However, forest generally receives very little attention in national development programme and strategies such as policy dialogues on climate change and poverty reduction strategies. Using a qualitative approach to data collection through content analysis of relevant Cameroon policy documents, the integration of climate change adaptation was explored and the level of attention given to forests for adaptation analysed. Results indicate that, with the exception of the First National Communication to UNFCCC that focused mostly on mitigation and related issues, current policy documents in Cameroon are void of tangible reference to climate change, and hence failing in drawing the relevance of forest in sheltering populations from the many projected impacts of climate change. Policies related to forest rely on a generalized concept of sustainable forest management and do not identify the specific changes that need to be incorporated into management strategies and policies towards achieving adaptation. The strategies and recommendations made in those documents only serve to improve understanding of Cameroon natural resources and add resilience to the natural systems in coping with anthropogenic stresses. The paper draws attention to the need to address the constraints of lack of awareness and poor flow of information on the potentials of forests for climate change adaptation. It highlights the need for integrating forest for adaptation into national development programmes and strategies, and recommends a review of the existing environmental legislations and their implications on poverty reduction strategy and adaptation to climate change. 相似文献
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Renato Baciocchi Ennio Carnevale Giulia Costa Renato Gavasci Lidia Lombardi Tommaso Olivieri Laura Zanchi Daniela Zingaretti 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(12):2694-2705
This work analyzes the performance of an innovative biogas upgrading method, Alkali absorption with Regeneration (AwR) that employs industrial residues and allows to permanently store the separated CO2. This process consists in a first stage in which CO2 is removed from the biogas by means of chemical absorption with KOH or NaOH solutions followed by a second stage in which the spent absorption solution is contacted with waste incineration Air Pollution Control (APC) residues. The latter reaction leads to the regeneration of the alkali reagent in the solution and to the precipitation of calcium carbonate and hence allows to reuse the regenerated solution in the absorption process and to permanently store the separated CO2 in solid form. In addition, the final solid product is characterized by an improved environmental behavior compared to the untreated residues. In this paper the results obtained by AwR tests carried out in purposely designed demonstrative units installed in a landfill site are presented and discussed with the aim of verifying the feasibility of this process at pilot-scale and of identifying the conditions that allow to achieve all of the goals targeted by the proposed treatment. Specifically, the CO2 removal efficiency achieved in the absorption stage, the yield of alkali regeneration and CO2 uptake resulting for the regeneration stage, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid product are analyzed as a function of the type and concentration of the alkali reagent employed for the absorption reaction. 相似文献
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Arsenic(III), selenium(IV), copper(II), lead(II), cadmium(II),zinc(II) have been determined in sea water, sediments, algae andclams by differential pulse cathodic (DPCSV) and anodic (DPASV)stripping voltammetry. The voltammetric measurements are carriedout using a conventional three-electrode cell and the ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer pH 9.2 as supporting electrolyte.The analytical procedure has been verified by the analysisof the standard reference materials (Estuarine SedimentBCR-CRM 277, Ulva Lactuca BCR-CRM 279 and Mussel Tissue BCR-CRM278). The precision and the accuracy are less than 5%. Thisprocedure is utilized for the monitoring of heavy metals inthe Po river mouth area (Italy). 相似文献
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Laura Benegas Francisco Jiménez Bruno Locatelli Jorge Faustino Max Campos 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2009,14(2):169-183
The current study shows the process and the results of a methodology proposed to contribute with the issue of how to evaluate
the adaptation to climate variability and future climate change. The proposed methodology consists of a standard to evaluate
farmer’s adaptation to climate variability, mainly due to drought in watersheds in Central America; and was created with contributions
from experts and professionals around this region. The phases for this process were: (1) literature review about the topic,
(2) development of a preliminary standard, (3) expert interviews for the evaluation of this preliminary standard, (4) construction
of a standard to evaluate the issue of adaptation to climate variability emphasizing drought through contributions from experts
and their preliminary evaluations, (5) applicability test of this standard for the evaluation of climate variability under
real conditions and (6) application of this standard through a case study in the Aguas Calientes river sub-watershed in Nicaragua,
which permanently undergoes drought problems and climate variability. This standard has five main principles that go from
the general, considering regional and national policies and institutionalism, to the specifics at the level of watersheds.
In addition to those principles, the standard contains ten criteria, 26 indicators and 51 verifiers distributed among the
main five principles. In the process for testing this standard in the Aguas Calientes river watershed in Nicaragua, the score
for the general applicability to this standard was middle-level (score of 3 in a scale of 1 to 5), although, for the main
principles of this standard, the score was four (high). 相似文献
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Aromatic sulfonates (R-SO(3)(-)) can be used as sulfur sources by sulfate-starved bacteria in laboratory cultures and the corresponding phenols are excreted from the cells. The present study was conducted to demonstrate whether such desulfonation reactions also occur in sulfate-leached agricultural soil, where desulfonation of organic sulfur compounds may have agronomic importance as a S source for plants. Xenobiotic linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) were added to nominal concentrations of 0, 10 and 100 mgkg(-1) dry weight in a sandy soil that was depleted in sulfate by leaching the soil with water (sulfate depletion, approximately 75%). The soil was incubated at 20 degrees C in duplicate 3-dm(3) mesocosms for 8 weeks. Primary degradation of LAS was rapid with half-lives of 1-4 days. Sulfophenylcarboxylates were identified and quantified as intermediates, whereas linear alkylphenols (the expected primary desulfonation products) were not detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with both fluorescence and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Thus, LAS was used by the bacteria as a source of energy and carbon, rather than as a source of sulfur. Measurements of soil pH, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis and arylsulfatase activity showed that stable microbial conditions prevailed in the soil mesocosms. FDA hydrolysis (a measure of total microbial activity) was transiently inhibited at the highest LAS concentrations. Arylsulfatase activity (i.e., hydrolysis of aromatic sulfate esters) was not significantly affected by the soil incubation, although arylsulfatases may be upregulated in sulfate-starved bacteria. However, an increased production of arylsulfatase may be difficult to detect due to the background of extracellular arylsulfatases stabilised in the soil. Therefore, the present data does not exclude a regulatory response to sulfate depletion by the soil microorganisms. However, the importance of desulfonation reactions in natural environments still needs to be demonstrated. 相似文献
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Suciu NA Ferrari T Ferrari F Trevisan M Capri E 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(8):1374-1383