Competitive sorption between 17α-ethinyl estradiol and bisphenol A/4-n-nonylphenol by soils

The sorption of 17α-ethinyl estradiol(EE2),bisphenol A(BPA),and 4-n-nonylphenol(NP) in single systems and the sorption of EE2 with different initial aqueous concentrations of BPA or NP were examined using three soils.Results showed that all sorption isotherms were nonlinear and fit the Freundlich model.The degree of nonlinearity was in the order BPA(0.537-0.686) > EE2(0.705-0.858) > NP(0.875-0.0.951) in single systems.The isotherm linearity index of EE2 sorption calculated by the Freundlich model for Loam,Silt Loam and Silt increased from 0.758,0.705 and 0.858,to 0.889,0.910 and 0.969,respectively,when BPA concentration increased from 0 to 1000 μg/L,but the effect of NP was comparably minimal.Additionally,EE2 significantly suppressed the sorption of BPA,but insignificantly suppressed that of NP.These findings can be attributed to the difference of sorption affinity of EE2,NP and BPA on the hard carbon(e.g.,black carbon) of soil organic matter that dominated the sorption in the low equilibrium aqueous concentration range of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs).Competitive sorption among EDCs presents new challenges for predicting the transport and fate of EDCs under the influence of co-solutes.     

Adsorption of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole from aqueous solution by organo-bentonite

The adsorption behavior of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite was investigated.Natural bentonite from Gaozhou in Guangdong Province,China was collected.Organo-bentonite was prepared by intercalation of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide into the natural bentonite.The physicochemical properties of the prepared organo-bentonite were characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that montmorillonite is the main component of the natural bentonite.The basal spacing of the natural bentonite is 1.47 nm,which increased to 1.98 nm on intercalation with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide.Moreover,both the surface area and pore volume increased with intercalation.Clear CH2 stretching(3000-2800 cm-1) and scissoring(1480-1450 cm-1) modes of the intercalated surfactants were observed for organobentonite.Compared with the pseudo first-order kinetic model,the pseudo second-order kinetic model is more suitable to describe the adsorption kinetics of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite.The adsorption capacity of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite increased with increasing initial concentration of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole,but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage.The adsorption isotherm of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite fits well with the Langmuir model.The maximum adsorption capacity of organo-bentonite for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was 33.61 mg/g,indicating that organo-bentonite is a promising adsorbent for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.     

Critical velocity in phosphorus exchange processes across the sediment-water interface

Sediments are ultimate sinks of nutrients in lakes that record the pollution history evolutionary processes, and anthropogenic activities of a lake. However, sediments are considered as inner sources of environmental factor changes such as the variation in hydrodynamic conditions because of the nutrients they release. How does this process happen？ This study investigates a typical nutrient phosphorus （P） exchange among sediment, suspended particle matter （SPM）, and water. Compared with numerical and experimental studies, this study confirms that the critical velocity that occurs at a lower flow rate state exists in the range of 7 to 15 crn/sec. Critical velocity below the critical flow rate promotes the migration of particulate phosphorus （PP） to the SPM. On the other hand, critical velocity above the critical flow rate promotes the release of PP in water.     

大气颗粒物中有机酸污染特征的分级研究

利用大流量分级采样器,于2012年1-7月对北京市海淀区大气可吸入颗粒物进行分级采集,并对膜溶剂提取、衍生化后利用GC-MS对不同粒径中21种一元酸和7种二元酸测定分析。结果表明,PM10、PM2.5、PM1中一元酸质量浓度的平均值分别为721.83 ng/m3、487.51ng/m3、349.28 ng/m3,二元酸质量浓度的平均值分别为215.31 ng/m3、157.09 ng/m3、112.39 ng/m3,一元酸和二元酸均易富集在以PM1为代表的第五级颗粒物中。C11-C24在一元酸中表现出明显的偶数碳优势,而二元酸没有奇偶优势。在不同粒径的颗粒物中,测定的21种一元酸中棕榈酸(C1)6的分布是最大的,硬脂酸(C1)8其次;二元酸中壬二酸的质量浓度是最大值。通过有机酸的来源分析,一元酸的主要来自一次人为源,其中,一、二月燃煤的燃烧对颗粒物中一元酸贡献明显,但在其他月份的贡献明显减少;光化学反应是大气颗粒物中二元酸的重要来源。     

电子垃圾的处理技术

本文着重探讨电子垃圾资源化的先进工艺——人工拆解、粉碎／分选、电析、精炼回收贵金属,从不能直接再利用的电子垃圾中,低成本、低污染、高效率地回收金属、塑料、玻璃等原料投入再生产符合循环经济理念。     

餐饮废弃物的危害及环境管理对策

介绍了餐饮废弃物的特点,处理不当污染环境,探讨餐饮废弃物无害化处理方式,并提出了针对餐饮业废弃物的环境管理对策。     

我国江苏如东岸基绿潮藻分布特征

总结了2010年江苏如东沿岸岸基绿潮藻分布调查结果。结果发现,如东紫菜养殖筏架、沿岸堤坝、养殖池塘和入海河道中均有大量绿潮藻分布;通过对江苏如东沿岸采集的15个绿潮藻样品进行ITS、5S rDNA间隔序列分析和形态观察,共鉴定出6种绿潮藻:浒苔(Ulva prolifera)、缘管浒苔(U.linza)、扁浒苔(U.compressa)、曲浒苔(U.flexuosa)、条浒苔(U.clathra-ta)和肠浒苔(U.intestinalis)。紫菜养殖筏架上未发现U.clathrata,其他5种绿潮藻均有生长。U.prolifera分布最广,河道、堤坝、池塘和紫菜筏架上均有分布,并在如东沿岸两个岸基位点发现了与2008年青岛大规模漂浮浒苔优势种序列一致的绿潮藻。紫菜养殖筏架、沿岸堤坝、养殖池塘和入海河道绿潮藻生物量(湿重)约为3.95×106kg、9.6×105kg、3.75×103kg和0.15×103kg。本论文为阐释绿潮发生机制及溯源提供了一定依据。     

国家相关政策法规对石化企业建设项目环保管理的影响分析

分析了近期国家陆续出台的各项政策对中国石化建设项目管理的影响,并提出了对策建议.     

保护层分析应用规则研究

为了确保保护层分析(LOPA)结果的客观性和可靠性,对LOPA的应用规则进行了探讨.按照LOPA应用的基本程序,对场景筛选、确定初始事件、独立保护层评估、场景频率计算、风险决策及后续跟踪等的相关规则进行了阐述.企业在应用LOPA时,应严格按照这些规则进行.     

环境保护规划评估考核技术方法与实践研究

环境保护规划评估与考核是及时掌握规划实施进展、督促各方实施规划以及保障规划顺利实施的重要手段和措施。在探讨总结国内外公共部门规划政策实施绩效评估与考核工作的进展与经验基础上,分析归纳规划实施绩效的一般评估与考核方法,并结合《国家环境保护“十一五”规划》中期评估与终期考核具体实践,对未来环境保护规划的评估与考核工作提出了4条建议：（1）进一步加强评估考核的体制建设;（2）提高定性评估技术水平;（3）研讨评估技术的实际应用;（4）工程设施领域的评估内容应从重建设转向重运营。