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排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
21.
Assessing Surface Water Quality and Its Relation with Urban Land Cover Changes in the Lake Calumet Area, Greater Chicago 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Urban land use and land cover change significantly affect spatial and temporal patterns of runoff, which in turn impacts surface
water quality. With the exponential growth in urban areas over the past three decades, changes in land use and land cover
to cater for the growth of cities has been a conspicuous spectacle in urban spaces. The main goal of this study was to assess
the impacts of land cover change on runoff and surface water quality using a partial area hydrology framework. The study employed
ArcHydro GIS extension and a modified version of Long-Term Hydrologic and Nonpoint Source Pollution model (L-THIA-NPS) in
estimating runoff and nonpoint source pollutant concentration around Lake Calumet between 1992 and 2001. Data employed include
National Land Cover Data set, rainfall data, digital elevation model (DEM), Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) data, and The
United States Environmental Protection Agency’s STORET (storage and retrieval) water quality data. The model was able to predict
surface water quality reasonably well over the study period. Sensitivity analysis facilitated a manual calibration of the
model. Model validation was executed by comparing simulated results following calibration and observed water quality data
for the study area. The study demonstrates that the level of concentration of nonpoint source pollutants in surface water
within an urban watershed heavily depends on the spatiotemporal variations in areas that contribute towards runoff compared
to the spatial extent of change in major land use/land cover. 相似文献
22.
A series of WO3/CeO2 (WOx/CeO2) catalysts were synthesized by wet impregnation of ammonium metatungstate on a CeO2 support. The resulting solid acid catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in-situ FT-IR) of ammonia adsorption, NH3-TPD, H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), NH3/NO oxidation and activity measurements for NOx reduction by NH3 (NH3-SCR). The results show that polytungstate (WOx) species are the main species of tungsten oxide on the surface of ceria. The addition of tungsten oxide enhances the Brönsted acidity of ceria catalysts remarkably and decreases the amount of surface oxygen on ceria, with strong interaction between CeO2 and WOx. As a result, the N2 selectivity of NH3 oxidation and NH3-SCR at high temperatures (> 300℃) is enhanced. Therefore, a wide working temperature window in which NOx conversion exceeds 80% (NOx conversion > 80%) from 200 to 450℃, is achieved over 10 wt.% WOx/CeO2 catalyst. A tentative model of the NH3-SCR reaction route on WOx/CeO2 catalysts is presented. 相似文献
23.
分析了我国钢铁企业环保工作现状,指出了节能环保工作中存在的主要问题,提出了“十五”后期节能环保工作的主要目标和对策。 相似文献
24.
单甲脒在水生生物中的积累和释放 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文朱生环境中对单甲脒在鱼和藻类中的积累释放及鱼体中的BCF值进行了研究,结果表明,鱼体在3,5,6d的BCF值分别为3.53,4.73及5.29,鱼体中单米积累为内脏〉锶〉肌肉,饲养7d达积累最高量;藻类在6h后达积累最高量;单甲脒在水藻和鱼(内脏)的富集比分别为1:3及1:12。 相似文献
25.
Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi Seyed Mohammad Reza Fatemi Mohammad Hassan Shahhosseiny Ove Hoegh-Guldberg William Kok Weng Loh 《Marine Biology》2007,153(1):25-34
Scleractinian coral species harbour communities of photosynthetic taxa of the genus Symbiodinium. As many as eight genetic clades (A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H) of Symbiodinium have been discovered using molecular biology. These clades may differ from each other in their physiology, and thus influence
the ecological distribution and resilience of their host corals to environmental stresses. Corals of the Persian Gulf are
normally subject to extreme environmental conditions including high salinity and seasonal variation in temperature. This study
is the first to use molecular techniques to identify the Symbiodinium of the Iranian coral reefs to the level of phylogenetic clades. Samples of eight coral species were collected at two different
depths from the eastern part of Kish Island in the northern Persian Gulf, and Larak Island in the Strait of Hormuz. Partial
28S nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA of Symbiodinium (D1/D2 domains) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products were analyzed using single stranded conformational
polymorphism and phylogenetic analyses of the LSU DNA sequences from a subset of the samples. The results showed that Symbiodinium populations were generally uniform among and within the populations of eight coral species studied, and there are at least
two clades of Symbiodinium from Kish and Larak islands. Clade D was detected from eight of the coral species while clade C was found in two of species
only (one species hosted two clades simultaneously). The dominance of clade D might be explained by high temperatures or the
extreme temperature variation, typical of the Persian Gulf.
Publication of this article was held up owing to technical problems. The publisher apologizes sincerely for this lengthy delay. 相似文献
26.
Chenghang Zheng Zhongyang Zhao Yishan Guo Haitao Zhao Weiguo Weng Weihang Zhu 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2020,70(7):708-720
ABSTRACT
Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been considered as the main particulate matter (PM) removal facility in the energy industry. This paper presents a real-time optimization method for a one-chamber industrial ESP in an ultra-low emission power plant with an intelligent optimization system (IOS). The IOS seeks to optimize the energy consumption of ESP subject to the outlet concentration requirement in real-time. A coordination control logic is designed to regulate the optimized operation set points with varying operation conditions. The operation optimized by the IOS is compared with the operations under PID (proportion-integral-derivative) and manual control. The results show that the IOS improves the emission compliance rate from 95% of manual control to 100% and the medium concentration is tuned to be 46.6% closer to the emission target. Furthermore, a good balance between emission and energy consumption is achieved, with 35.50% energy conservation for the same emission upper limit of 30 mg/m3. These results prove that the IOS significantly contributes to the efficient operation and economic PM removal by ESP for the energy industry. 相似文献
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观察8周中等强度游泳运动对2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二恶英(2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin,2,3,7,8-TCDD)急性暴露大鼠肝脏氧化应激的影响。以8周龄雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠为研究对象,将大鼠随机分为玉米油静养组(NC组)、玉米油运动组(EC组)、TCDD静养组(NT)和TCDD运动组(ET组)。将TCDD溶于玉米油中,NT和ET组大鼠按照10μg·kg-1(以单位体重计)腹腔注射TCDD,NC和EC组大鼠注射等量玉米油。正式实验开始后,EC和ET组大鼠进行运动(尾部负重5%游泳30min),每周运动5 d,共8周,NC和NT组大鼠不进行任何运动干预。8周后,称重并宰杀大鼠,收集血清和肝组织样本,待测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)的活性;肝组织丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性。将数据进行多因素方差分析,结果表明,染毒可升高大鼠血清AST的活性,增加肝脏MDA的含量,降低肝脏SOD、CAT和GSH-Px的活性;运动可降低大鼠肝脏GSH-Px的活性;染毒后运动可减少肝脏MDA的含量,升高肝脏SOD、CAT和GSH-Px的活性。研究表明,TCDD急性暴露可导致大鼠肝细胞功能受损,导致大鼠肝脏发生氧化应激。8周有氧运动改善TCDD急性暴露诱导的肝细胞损伤,改善肝脏氧化应激,这可能是运动改善TCDD肝毒性的机制之一。 相似文献