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81.
Mili Weng Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang Shuguang Chen 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,163(1-4):573-581
Concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, propionaldehyde, i-pentanal, and butyraldehyde in residential indoor air in Hangzhou were determined. The mean concentration of the total carbonyl compounds in summer was 222.6 μg/m3, higher than that in winter (68.5 μg/m3). The concentration of a specific carbonyl in indoor air was higher than the outdoor air measurement, indicating the release of carbonyls from the indoor sources. Formaldehyde and acetone were the most abundant carbonyls detected in summer and winter, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated that carbonyl concentrations in residential indoor air depended on the age of decoration and furniture, as well as their concentrations in outdoor air. In addition, a primary estimation showed that the health risks of carbonyls in summer were higher than those in winter. 相似文献
82.
83.
This paper developed an approach by the synthesis of remote sensing, landscape metrics, and statistical methods to examine the effects of landscape pattern, land surface temperature, and socioeconomic conditions on the spread of West Nile virus (WNV) caused by mosquitoes and animal hosts in Chicago, USA. Land use/land cover and land surface temperature images were derived from Terra’s Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer imagery. An analytical procedure using landscape metrics was developed, applying configuration analysis of landscape patterns in the study area. The positive reports of mosquitoes and animal hosts for WNV in fall, 2001–2006, were collected from the Cook County Public Health Department. Forty-nine municipalities were found to have WNV-positive records in mosquitoes and animal hosts in fall 2004. Socioeconomic data were obtained from the 2000 US Census. Statistical analysis was applied to WNV data in fall 2004 to identify the relationship between potential predictors and WNV spread. As a result, landscape factors, such as landscape aggregation index and the urban areas and areas of grass and water, showed strong correlations with the WNV-positive records. Socioeconomic conditions, such as the population over 65 years old, also showed a strong correlation with WNV-positive records. Thermal conditions of water showed a less but still considerable correlation to WNV-positive records. This research offers an opportunity to explore the effects of landscape pattern, land surface temperature, and socioeconomic conditions on the spread of WNV caused by mosquitoes and animal hosts. Results can contribute to public health and environmental management in the study area. 相似文献
84.
Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in fish samples from rivers and estuaries in Taiwan 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used extensively over the past two decades as flame retardants in many types of polymers, and have been found to be a class of contaminants of concern. Measurements of PBDEs in various environmental matrices from Sweden, Holland, Japan, North America, and elsewhere have been reported. We report data of PBDEs in fish samples taken from six rivers and three estuaries in Taiwan. Seven PBDE congeners were observed in all sixty samples. BDE-47 was found to be the dominant congener in all waters, and BDE-154 contributed more than BDE-99 and BDE-100. Nonetheless, BDE-154 and BDE-183 were the predominant congeners in some species studied. These results are somewhat different from those from other countries, where the pattern is typically BDE-47 > 99 >100 >154, 153, and is postulated to be due to the extensive use of octa-BDE rather than penta-BDE in Taiwan. The average concentration distribution across all samples of the sum of PBDE congeners ranged from 30.6 ng/g lipid to 281 ng/g lipid. The concentrations of PBDEs in fishes reported here are higher than those reported from European countries, but lower than those from the United States. 相似文献
85.
整地施肥试验结果表明,全垦、带垦和穴垦三种整地方式以及施肥对尾叶按造林成活率和保存率均无明显的影响,成活率在95%-98.8%之间,保存率在92.1%-97.7%之间.整地能改变土壤性状,如土壤孔隙度全垦为57.88%。穴垦为49.42%;对林木生长有促进作用,但作用效果很快减少,如造林3年后的林木材积全垦、带垦分别为穴垦的136.4%和120.0%,5年后却分别下降到116.5%和108.3%.施肥可提高土壤养分,促进林木生长.造林5年后的调查结果,穴垦施肥林地的土壤有机质、速效N分别为15.447g/kg和49.230mg/kg,林木年均树高生长为1.25m;不施肥处理的有机质、速效N分别为10.388g/kg和35.715mg/kg,林木年平均生长量为0.35m;林木材积施肥处理的为不施肥的9.8倍.整地施肥还可提高林木叶片的养分含量. 相似文献
86.
IntroductionIodineisakeyelementcomposingthyroxin ,whichplaysanimportantroleinthegrowthofthehumanbody.Thyroxinpromotesproteinsynthesis,regulatesenergyconversion ,preservesthecompositionofcentralnervoussystem ,andmaintainsnormalmetabolism .Therefore ,oncethe… 相似文献
87.
IntroductionCopper,leadandzinchavesimilar geochemical propertiesandundergrowthcloselyinenvironmentalnaturalbodiesbecausetheycommonlyhavethestrongeraffinitywithsulphur.PeoplehaveknownthatCuandZnareessentialelementsandPbisdeleteriousforhumanbody .Peoplear… 相似文献
88.
IntroductionThevolatileorganiccompounds (VOCs)isoneofthefivemajorprimarygasouspollutants(particulates,SOx ,NOx ,VOCs,CO) ,inwhich 31VOCspollutantsincludingbenzene,acroleinandaliphatic ,aromatichalogenatedhydrocarbonsarelistedinall 1 2 9prioritypollutantsbytheEnv… 相似文献
89.
重金属在牡蛎(Crassostrea virginica)中的生物积累及其影响因素的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
牡蛎软体、贝壳和沉积物中Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Pb和Zn等重金属元素被同步分析研究.研究结果表明,重金属在牡蛎中的生物积累是牡蛎自身的新陈代谢、重金属元素的地球化学性质和环境诸因素综合影响的结果,其中牡蛎的生理作用对重金属在软体中的积累所产生的影响尤为重要,而贝壳中重金属的积累对来自环境的影响更为敏感. 相似文献
90.
沉积物粒度对重金属吸附的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道了渭河沉积物对重金属的吸附特性.结果表明,渭河沉积物吸附重金属的粒度效应决定于不同粒度沉积物的物质构成和颗粒表面特性,该效应是由沉积物对重金属的吸附速率的差别来体现的.不同粒度所决定的颗粒比表面积的差异不是影响重金属吸附粒度效应的主要因素. 相似文献