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21.
Rhizosphere characteristics of indigenously growing nickel hyperaccumulator and excluder plants on serpentine soil 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Wenzel WW Bunkowski M Puschenreiter M Horak O 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,123(1):131-138
The role of rhizosphere processes in metal hyperaccumulation is largely unexplored and a matter of debate, related field data are virtually not available. We conducted a field survey of rhizosphere characteristics beneath the Ni hyperaccumulator Thlaspi goesingense Hálácsy and the metal-excluder species Silene vulgaris L. and Rumex acetosella L. growing natively on the same serpentine site. Relative to bulk soil and to the rhizosphere of the excluder species, we found significantly increased DOC and Ni concentrations in water extracts of T. goesingense rhizosphere, whereas exchangeable Ni was depleted due to excessive uptake of Ni. Chemical speciation analysis using the MINTEQA2 software package revealed that enhanced Ni solubility in Thlaspi rhizosphere is driven by the formation of Ni-organic complexes. Moreover, ligand-induced dissolution of Ni-bearing minerals is likely to contribute to enhanced Ni solubility. Increased Mg and Ca concentrations and pH in Thlaspi rhizosphere are consistent with ligand-induced dissolution of orthosilicates such as forsterite (Mg(2)SiO(4). Our field data reinforce the hypothesis that exudation of organic ligands may contribute to enhanced solubility and replenishment of metals in the rhizosphere of hyperaccumulating species. 相似文献
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Kilian Weigand Kurt Weigand Mathias Schemmerer Martina Müller Juergen J. Wenzel 《Food and environmental virology》2018,10(2):167-175
In the last few years it has been realized that the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in most industrialized countries and that it is a zoonotic disease. Potential reservoirs for HEV have been identified to be wild boars and deers, but HEV has also been found in domestic pigs and other animals. Due to the probable spread of the virus via contaminated food or contact to infected animals, HEV antibodies are present in more than 16% of the German adult population and rates are increasing with age. We collected blood from 104 wild boars in southern Germany and the border region of Alsace. We found an anti-HEV seroprevalence of 11.5% in our cohort, using ELISA. Furthermore, we observed active infection in 3.85% of the animals by positive HEV PCR in the sera of the boars. In our cohort, no regional differences of seroprevalence or active infection were seen. Sequencing revealed rather close homology of some detected HEV sequences to genotypes isolated from patients in Germany. Hence wild boars are a potential source of HEV infection in Middle Europe and the rate of infectious animals is quite high. 相似文献
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L. Wei?flog K. Wienhold D. Martinetz K. -D. Wenzel H. -I. Spie? 《Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung》1990,2(3):126-128
Untersuchungen anMyriophyllum verticillatum, Potamogeton natans undNymphaea alba in Seen unterschiedlicher Trophiestufen best?tigen, da? in humin- und fulvo-s?urereichen Seen auch bei erh?htem Schwermetallangebot
bei einer Reihe von metallen niedrigere Biokonzentrationsfaktoren als in huminstoffarmen Seen zu verzeichnen sind. 相似文献
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Werner Brack Rolf Altenburger Falk Dorusch Andreas Hubert Monika Möder Peter Morgenstern Susanne Moschütz Sibylle Mothes Kristin Schirmer Rainer Wennrich Klaus -Dieter Wenzel Gerrit Schüürmann 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2002,14(4):213-220
In August 2002, highly contaminated areas in the region of Bitterfeld, e.g. the floodplain of the creek Spittelwasser, as well as the adjacent regions of Jeßnitz and Raguhn, were submerged by the river Mulde. An input of mobilized contaminated sediments in residential areas was the matter of concern. The objective of the present study was to estimate the pollutants load on the basis of chemical and biological data and identify the sources of pollutants. Deposited sludge and flood water samples were assessed on the basis of biological and chemical analyses and in comparison with administrative reference values. The pollution of the investigated sites was rather heterogeneous. At several sites, tolerance limits of the German Klärschlammverordnung or the Bundesbodenschutzverordnung were clearly exceeded, e.g. for Pb, As and HCH. Organic extracts exhibited significant effects in several biotests. This may be relevant with respect to direct particle uptake via ingestion or respiration. Pollution patterns for heavy metals as well as for organic pollutants differed significantly from the pattern found in the Spittelwasser flood plain before the inundation, which is in contrast to the initial hypothesis of a possible transport of contaminated Spittelwasser sediments into residential areas. Interestingly, a correlation of chemical load and the overall biological effect could be shown. From the viewpoint of the precautionary principle, the identification of the compounds exerting toxic effects and of the respective pollutant sources would be desirable. 相似文献