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排序方式: 共有483条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
82.
Liumeng Pan Liping Lu Jingpeng Wang Cunwu Zheng Yujie Fu Siyuan Xiao Yating Jin Shulin Zhuang 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(4):673-678
The fungicide difenoconazole has been frequently detected in agricultural products, soils and surface waters, causing increasingly public concern due to toxicological properties. Although systemic triazole fungicides can inhibit the enzymatic activity of many CYP450 isozymes, how difenoconazole affects the human CYP3A4 still remains largely unknown. We thus investigated the effect of difenoconazole on normal mRNA expression and protein expression of human CYP3A4 by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot, respectively. Results show that the exposure to difenoconazole from 0.01 to 0.5 μM for 24 h down-regulates mRNA expression levels of human CYP3A4 in HepG2 cells. We also found that difenoconazole could inhibit the enzymatic activity of human CYP3A4 in a concentration-dependent mode. The IC50 of difenoconazole for inhibition of CYP3A4 activity is 0.41 µM, showing a stronger inhibitor in comparison with ketoconazole. Overall, our findings indicate the potential risk of difenoconazole for the disruption of human CYP3A4. 相似文献
83.
广州夏季办公室内细颗粒中多环芳烃污染特征研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大部分的都市办公人群每天在办公室至少度过8 h。而室外环境的渗透、办公室内吸烟、办公设备使用和中央通风系统均可能导致细颗粒物及多环芳烃(PAHs)在室内积聚而造成微环境污染。2015年5—6月,在广州市3种不同功能区(商住区、高新产业区、工业区)共选取了14间不同类型的办公室,对其室内外PM_(2.5)和多环芳烃进行同步监测。结果表明,(1)14间中有12间办公室内的PM_(2.5)浓度水平高于世界卫生组织(WHO)的推荐值25μg·m-3;(2)与国内外类似研究相比,办公室内外∑16PAHs及Ba P-eq的监测浓度水平均较低,并呈现一致规律:文印>室外>吸烟>多人>单人>无窗(无人),其中Ba P-eq低于欧盟规定的安全限值1 ng·m-3;(3)文印工作和吸烟行为与室内PM_(2.5)和PAHs浓度升高有密切关系,分别对5环和4环PAHs贡献明显;(4)其他无明显内源的办公室的细颗粒中PAHs污染在监测期间主要来源于室外贡献。 相似文献
84.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are recognized as a new class of widely-distributed and persistent contaminants for which effective treatment and remediation technologies are needed. In this study, two kinds of commercially available nanoscale Fe0 slurries (Nanofer N25 and N25S), a freeze-dried laboratory-synthesized Fe0 nanoparticle (nZVI), and their palladized forms were used to investigate the effect of particle properties and catalyst on PBDE debromination kinetics and pathways. Nanofers and their palladized forms were found to debrominate PBDEs effectively. The laboratory-synthesized Fe0 nanoparticles also debrominated PBDEs, but were slower due to deactivation by the freeze-drying and stabilization processes in the laboratory synthesis. An organic modifier, polyacrylic acid (PAA), bound on N25S slowed PBDE debromination by a factor of three to four compared to N25. The activity of palladized nZVI (nZVI/Pd) was optimized at 0.3 Pd/Fe wt% in our system. N25 could debrominate selected environmentally-abundant PBDEs, including BDE 209, 183, 153, 99, and 47, to end products di-BDEs, mono-BDEs and diphenyl ether (DE) in one week, while nZVI/Pd (0.3 Pd/Fe wt%) mainly resulted in DE as a final product. Step-wise major PBDE debromination pathways by unamended and palladized Fe0 are described and compared. Surface precursor complex formation is an important limiting factor for palladized Fe0 reduction as demonstrated by PBDE pathways where steric hindrance and rapid sequential debromination of adjacent bromines play an important role. 相似文献
85.
为了研究厌氧折流板反应器在常温下的启动情况,在22.5~30.2℃条件下,对不加填料的5隔室厌氧折流板反应器和加填料的4隔室复合式厌氧折流板反应器同步进行了启动实验。实验用水为高浓度淀粉废水,两反应器采用相同的启动策略,即梯度增加进水COD浓度与降低水力停留时间相结合的方式。两反应器有效容积均为47.8 L,启动初始负荷为0.6 kg COD/(m3.d),逐渐增加到10 kg COD/(m3.d)。实验表明,经过6个阶段87 d的运行,反应器启动完成,并成功培养出颗粒污泥,两反应器对COD的去除率都能达到85%以上。在启动过程中两反应器对COD的去除效率相近。 相似文献
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87.
为了解2种新分离微藻的净化和资源化潜力,研究比较了其生长、氮磷去除和营养特性。结果表明,栅藻和月牙藻的最大生物量(干重)分别为0.78g/L和0.53g/L;最大生物量(干重)增长速率分别为0.05g/(L·d)和0.03g/(L·d)。培养至第23天,栅藻和月牙藻对TN的去除率分别为85.1%和72.5%;对TP的去除率为82.6%和79.7%,但栅藻较月牙藻更易释放较多的No2--N进入藻液。稳定期时,栅藻、月牙藻的粗蛋白质含量和粗蛋白产量(干重)分别为31.8%、19.2%和0.24g/L、0.09g/L;粗脂含量和粗脂产量(干重)分别为7.81%、9.26%和0.06g/L、0.05g/L。综上,与月牙藻相比,栅藻具有明显的生长、氮磷去除和营养优势,在进行水产养殖废水的净化和资源化利用上可作为优选藻种。 相似文献
88.
Highly efficient conversion of sugarcane bagasse pretreated with liquid hot water into ethanol at high solid loading 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wen Wang Xinshu Zhuang Qiang Yu Jingliang Xu Wei Qi 《International Journal of Green Energy》2016,13(3):298-304
Liquid hot water (LHW), an environmental-friendly physico-chemical treatment, was applied to pretreat the sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Tween80, a non-ionic surfactant, was used to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated SCB. It found that 0.125 mL Tween80 /g dry matter could make the maximum increase (33.2%) of the glycan conversion of the LHW-pretreated SCB. A self-designed laboratory facility with a plate-and-frame impeller was applied to conduct batch hydrolysis, fed-batch hydrolysis, and the process of high-temperature (50°C) fed-batch hydrolysis following low-temperature (30°C) simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) which was adopted to overcome the incompatible optimum temperature of saccharification and fermentation in the SSF process. After hydrolyzing LHW-pretreated SCB for 120 h with commercial cellulase, the total sugar concentration and glycan conversion obtained from fed-batch hydrolysis were 91.6 g/L and 68.3%, respectively, which were 9.7 g/L and 7.3% higher than those obtained from batch hydrolysis. With Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y2034 fermenting under the non-sterile condition, the ethanol production and theoretical yield obtained from the process of SSF after fed-batch hydrolysis were 55.4 g/L and 88.3% for 72h, respectively, which were 15.5 g/L and 24.7% higher than those from separate fed-batch hydrolysis and fermentation. The result of this work was superior to the reported results obtained from the LHW-pretreated SCB. 相似文献
89.
Dongqi Wang Yanling He Jidong Liang Pei Liu Pengyu Zhuang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(2):1041-1053
To study the status and source of aluminum (Al) contamination, a total of 21 sampling sites along six rivers near Xi’an City (Shaanxi province, China) were investigated during 2008–2010. The results indicated that the average concentration of total Al (Alt) in the six rivers increased by 1.6 times from 2008 to 2010. The spatial distribution of Alt concentrations in the rivers near Xi’an City was significantly different, ranged from 367 μg/L (Bahe River) to 1,978 μg/L (Taiping River). The Alt concentration was highest near an industrial area for pulp and paper-making (2,773 μg/L), where the Al level greatly exceeded the water quality criteria of both the USA (Criterion Continuous Concentration, 87 μg/L) and Canada (100 μg/L). The average concentration of inorganic monometric aluminum (Alim) was 72 μg/L which would pose threats to fishes and other aquatic lives in the rivers. The concentrations of exchangeable Al (Alex) in the sediment of the Taiping River sampled were relatively high, making it to be an alternative explanation of increasing Al concentrations in the rivers near Xi’an City. Furthermore, an increasing Al level has been detected in the upstream watershed near Xi’an City in recent years, which might indicate another notable pollution source of Al. 相似文献
90.