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121.
Gargi Biswas Manjari Dutta Susmita Dutta Kalyan Adhikari 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(10):9418-9431
Low-cost water defluoridation technique is one of the most important issues throughout the world. In the present study, shale, a coal mine waste, is employed as novel and low-cost adsorbent to abate fluoride from simulated solution. Shale samples were collected from Mahabir colliery (MBS) and Sonepur Bazari colliery (SBS) of Raniganj coalfield in West Bengal, India, and used to remove fluoride. To increase the adsorption efficiency, shale samples were heat activated at a higher temperature and samples obtained at 550 °C are denoted as heat-activated Mahabir colliery shale (HAMBS550) and heat-activated Sonepur Bazari colliery shale (HASBS550), respectively. To prove the fluoride adsorption onto different shale samples and ascertain its mechanism, natural shale samples, heat-activated shale samples, and their fluoride-loaded forms were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction study, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of different parameters such as pH, adsorbent dose, size of particles, and initial concentration of fluoride was investigated during fluoride removal in a batch contactor. Lower pH shows better adsorption in batch study, but it is acidic in nature and not suitable for direct consumption. However, increase of pH of the solution from 3.2 to 6.8 and 7.2 during fluoride removal process with HAMBS550 and HASBS550, respectively, confirms the applicability of the treated water for domestic purposes. HAMBS550 and HASBS550 show maximum removal of 88.3 and 88.5 %, respectively, at initial fluoride concentration of 10 mg/L, pH 3, and adsorbent dose of 70 g/L. 相似文献
122.
This study addresses the effect of political transition and subsequent timber bans on forest loss in Myanmar, in the context of identified drivers. Cook’s Distance (CD) was applied to remotely sensed time-series forest loss dataset to measure the effect of the events. Forest loss derived fragmentation metrics were linked to drivers at a landscape scale. Results show that at the national level, the political transition in 2011 had maximum effect (CD 0.935) on forest loss while the timber bans decreased forest loss by 612.04 km2 and 213.15 km2 in 2015 and 2017 (CD 0.146 and 0.035), respectively. The effect of the events varied for different States/Regions. The dominant drivers of change shifted from plantations in 2011 to infrastructure development in 2015. This study demonstrates the effects of policy on forest loss at various scales and can inform decision-makers for forest conservation, planning and development of mitigation measures. 相似文献
123.
Interaction of plastic particles with heavy metals and the resulting toxicological impacts: a review
Maity Sukhendu Biswas Chayan Banerjee Sambuddha Guchhait Rajkumar Adhikari Madhuchhanda Chatterjee Ankit Pramanick Kousik 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(43):60291-60307
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Interactions of plastic particles with different organic/inorganic pollutants including heavy metals impact their ecotoxicological potential, and... 相似文献
124.
The objective of the study is to investigate seasonal and spatial variations of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm) and TSP (total suspended particulate matter) of
an Indian Metropolis with high pollution and population density from November 2003 to November 2004. Ambient concentration
measurements of PM10 and TSP were carried out at two monitoring sites of an urban region of Kolkata. Monitoring sites have been selected based
on the dominant activities of the area. Meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, temperature
and relative humidity were also collected simultaneously during the sampling period from Indian Meteorological Department,
Kolkata. The 24 h average concentrations of PM10 and TSP were found in the range 68.2–280.6 μg/m3 and 139.3–580.3 μg/m3 for residential (Kasba) area, while 62.4–401.2 μg/m3 and 125.7–732.1 μg/m3 for industrial (Cossipore) area, respectively. Winter concentrations of particulate pollutants were higher than other seasons,
irrespective of the monitoring sites. It indicates a longer residence time of particulates in the atmosphere during winter
due to low winds and low mixing height. Spread of air pollution sources and non-uniform mixing conditions in an urban area
often result in spatial variation of pollutant concentrations. The higher particulate pollution at industrial area may be
attributed due to resuspension of road dust, soil dust, automobile traffic and nearby industrial emissions. Particle size
analysis result shows that PM10 is about 52% of TSP at residential area and 54% at industrial area. 相似文献
125.
126.
Tai Gyu Lee Elizabeth Hedrick Pratim Biswas 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(11):1316-1323
Abstract The kinetics of Hg chlorination (with HCl) was studied using a flow reactor system with an online Hg analyzer, and speciation sampling using a set of impingers. Kinetic parameters, such as reaction order (α), overall rate constant (k′ ), and activation energy (E a), were estimated based on the simple overall reaction pathway. The reaction order with respect to C Hg, k′, and E a were found to be 1.55, 5.07 x 10-2exp(-1939.68/T) [(μg/m3)-0.55(s)-1], and 16.13 [kJ/mol], respectively. The effect of chlorine species (HCl, CH2Cl2) on the in situ Hg capture method previously de-veloped28 was also investigated. The efficiency of capture of Hg by this in situ method was higher than 98% in the presence of chlorine species. Furthermore, under certain conditions, the presence of chlorine enhanced the removal of elemental Hg by additional gas-phase oxidation. 相似文献
127.
Distribution of detoxifying genes polymorphism in Maharastrian population of central India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Saravana Devi S Vinayagamoorthy N Agrawal M Biswas A Biswas R Naoghare P Kumbhakar S Krishnamurthi K Hengstler JG Hermes M Chakrabarti T 《Chemosphere》2008,70(10):1835-1839
The present study is aimed at evaluating the genotype frequency of detoxifying genes such as GSTM1, GSTT1 and NQO1 in Maharastrian population of central India. The study revealed about 64.6% of GSTM1-positive and 35.4% GSTM1-null population. GSTT1-positive genotype was found to be 87.5% and GSTT1-null showed 12.5%. The NQO1 genotype of Maharastrian population showed 52.3% of C/C, 42.48% C/T and 5.18% T/T. The NQO1 of this population does not deviate from the expected Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotype frequencies GSTM1 and GSTT1 of the population when compared with other ethnic groups of Asia and Caucasians show distinct nature of Maharastrian population from other Asian and Caucasian population. 相似文献
128.
Begum BA Biswas SK Hopke PK 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2006,56(1):85-89
Vehicular air pollution is common in growing metropolitan areas throughout the world. Vehicular emissions of fine particles are particularly harmful because they occur near ground level, close to where people live and work. Two-stroke engines represented an important contribution to the motor vehicle emissions where they constitute approximately half of the total vehicle fleet in Dhaka city. Two-stroke engines have lower fuel efficiency than four-stroke engines, and they emit as much of an order of magnitude and more particulate matter (PM) than four-stroke engines of similar size. To eliminate their impact on air quality, the government of Bangladesh promulgated an order banning all two-stroke engines from the roads in Dhaka starting on December 31, 2002. The effect of the banning of two-stroke engines on airborne PM was studied at the Farm Gate air quality-monitoring station in Dhaka (capital of Bangladesh), a hot spot with very high-pollutant concentrations because of its proximity to major roadways. The samples were collected using a "Gent" stacked filter unit in two fractions of 0-2.2 microm and 2.2-10 microm sizes. Samples of fine and coarse fractions of airborne PM collected from 2000 to 2004 were studied. It has been found that the fine PM and black carbon concentrations decreased from the previous years because of the banning of two-stroke engine baby taxies. 相似文献
129.
130.