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21.
Conte Marianna Feltracco Matteo Chirizzi Daniela Trabucco Sara Dinoi Adelaide Gregoris Elena Barbaro Elena La Bella Gianfranco Ciccarese Giuseppina Belosi Franco La Salandra Giovanna Gambaro Andrea Contini Daniele 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(10):13905-13916
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - COVID-19 pandemic raised a debate regarding the role of airborne transmission. Information regarding virus-laden aerosol concentrations is still... 相似文献
22.
Palli D Sera F Giovannelli L Masala G Grechi D Bendinelli B Caini S Dolara P Saieva C 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(5):1521-1525
In 71 adults residing in Florence, Italy, enrolled in a prospective study, we investigated the correlation between individual levels of oxidative DNA damage detected by the Comet assay in circulating lymphocytes, and a specific ozone exposure score calculated in 10 different time-windows (0-5 to 0-90 days) before blood drawing, based on daily measurements provided by the local environmental monitoring system.Overall, statistically significant positive correlations between average ozone concentrations and DNA damage emerged in almost all time-windows considered; correlations were more evident among males, non-smokers, and traffic-exposed workers. Multivariate regression analyses taking into account selected individual characteristics, showed an independent effect on DNA damage of average ozone concentrations in the last 60-90 days before blood drawing. Local residents showed a divergent pattern with correlations restricted to shorter time-windows.Our results suggest that ozone concentrations at ground levels modulate oxidative DNA damage in circulating lymphocytes of residents of polluted areas. 相似文献
23.
Claudio Carnevale Giovanna Finzi Marialuisa Volta 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2008,13(3):337-348
The chemical and size characterisation of aerosol in northern Italy was investigated by means of transport chemical aerosol
model (TCAM) multiphase model long-term simulations performed within the frame of the CityDelta-CAFE exercise. The results
show a high contribution of secondary inorganic compounds, in particular far from the Milan metropolitan area and in the large
rural area of the Po valley where the major chemical fractions are ammonium and nitrates. The sulphate contribution is quite
similar throughout this region, with the exception of areas close to SOx point emissions. Primary PM and organic compounds
fractions, on the other hand, are greater close to major urban areas, in particular the Milan metropolitan zone. This work
also presents a seasonal characterisation analysis of physical and chemical aerosol features. The results show that in winter,
due to domestic heating emission of NOx and low temperatures, which favour the formation of secondary nitrate and organic
aerosol, the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations are higher than those in summer, in agreement with experimental data presented
in several studies focussing on the same region. 相似文献
24.
We present a multivariate receptor model for identifying the spatial location of major PM10 pollution sources through the concentrations at multiple monitoring stations. We build on a mixed multiplicative log-normal
factor model adjusting the source contributions for meteorological covariates and for temporal correlation and considering
source profiles as compositional Gaussian random fields, to account for the variability induced by the spatial distribution
of the monitoring sites. Taking a Bayesian approach to estimation, the proposed hierarchical model is implemented and used
to analyze average daily PM10 concentration measurements from 13 monitoring sites in Taranto, Italy, for the period April–December 2005. Three major sources
of pollution are identified and characterized in terms of their spatial and temporal behavior and in relation to meteorological
data. 相似文献
25.
Manzo Sonia Parrella Luisa Schiavo Simona Spaziani Fabio Chiavarini Salvatore Tebano Carlo De Maio Lucio Capone Stefano Siciliano Anna Valeria Armiento Giovanna 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(55):83291-83303
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study we propose, a multi-step strategy of selection and characterization of long-term dataset of contaminant concentrations in different... 相似文献
26.
Carnevale C Finzi G Pisoni E Singh V Volta M 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(12):3437-3447
Air quality forecasting is an important issue in environmental research, due to the effects that air pollutants have on population health. To deal with this topic, in this work an integrated modelling system has been developed to forecast daily maximum eight hours ozone concentrations and daily mean PM10 concentrations, up to two days in advance, over an urban area. The presented approach involves two steps. In the first step, artificial neural networks are identified and applied to get point-wise forecasting. In the second step, the forecasts obtained at the monitoring station locations are spatially interpolated all over the domain using the cokriging technique, which allows to improve the spatial interpolation in the absence of densely sampled data. The integrated modelling system has been then applied to a case study over Northern Italy, performing a validation over space and time for the year 2004 and analyzing if the limit values for the protection of human health set by the European Commission are respected. The presented approach represents a fast and reliable way to provide decision makers and the general public with air quality forecasting, and to support prevention and precautionary measures. 相似文献
27.
Gianluca Santamaria Carla Lucia Esposito Laura Cerchia Giovanna Benvenuto Deepak Nanjappa Diana Sarno 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(1):92-103
Nucleic acid aptamers are small-size ligands that selectively bind to molecular segments even when they protrude from cell surfaces. Due to their high specificity, aptamers are widely used in biomedical research and as probes for different applications. Here, we tested whether aptamers can also discriminate among phytoplankton cells. As a proof of concept we focused on the widespread centric diatom Leptocylindrus danicus and generated two aptamers that selectively bind to its cell surface. The aptamers did not bind to other diatoms tested, which included both pennate (Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata) and centric (Skeletonema marinoi, Chaetoceros socialis) species. They also showed negative binding to closely related species (Tenuicylindrus belgicus, Leptocylindrus aporus, Leptocylindrus convexus), which are hardly recognizable with microscopy techniques. In addition, aptamers discriminated also among cells of the same clone, suggesting a potential use of aptamers as clone-specific/stage-specific probes to track phytoplankton life stages in their natural environment. While the method still needs to be tested with natural algal samples, it can complement in a unique way the existing approaches to discriminate among species and possibly life stages of marine phytoplankton. The method can find useful application in taxonomic and ecological studies as well as in environmental monitoring including early warning strategies. 相似文献
28.
Bernstein AG Bonsembiante E Brusatin G Calzolari G Colombo P Dall'Igna R Hreglich S Scarinci G 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2002,22(8):71-869
Vitrification and production of ceramics materials starting from sediment excavated from Venice lagoon is described. This sediment is classified as toxic waste because contains several heavy metal ions and organic pollutants and was successfully vitrified at 1200-1350 degrees C. Twenty weight percentage of glass cullet, coming from a community glass recycling program, was added to the raw materials, previously calcined at 900 degrees C, as a way of adjusting the variations of composition of the individual sediment batches. Chemical durability (leaching) tests showed that the optimized glass compositions are inert, and thus not only volume reduction but also inertization of the waste was obtained by this process. Moreover, the economics of the entire process was analysed. The valorization of the waste was accomplished by the subsequent processing of the glass derived from the inertization. Glass ceramic materials were produced by viscous phase sintering of pressed glass powders which crystallized during the densification process. Sintered glass ceramic products had good mechanical characteristics (HV = 7.5 GPa, bending strength 150 +/- 8 MPa), making them suitable for applications in the building industry. 相似文献
29.
Biodegradation of chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron-methyl by Aspergillus niger in laboratory conditions
Boschin G D'Agostina A Arnoldi A Marotta E Zanardini E Negri M Valle A Sorlini C 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2003,38(6):737-746
Two sulfonylurea herbicides, chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron-methyl, were studied under laboratory conditions, in order to elucidate the biodegradation pathway operated by Aspergillus niger, a common soil fungus, which is often involved in the degradation of xenobiotics. HPLC-UV was used to study the kinetic of degradation, whereas LC-MS was used to identify the metabolites structure. In order to avoid the chemical degradation induced by a decrease in pH, due to the production of citric acid by the fungus, the experiments were performed in a buffered neutral medium. No significant degradation for both compounds was observed in mineral medium with 0.2% sodium acetate. On the contrary, in a rich medium, after 28 days the degradations, chemical degradation excluded, were about 30% for chlorsulfuron and 33% for metsulfuron-methyl. The main microbial metabolites were obtained via cleavage of the sulfonylurea bridge. In addition the fungus seems to be able to hydroxylate the aromatic ring of chlorsulfuron. In the case of metsulfuron-methyl the only detected metabolite was the triazine derivative, while the aromatic portion was completely degraded. Finally, the demethylation of the methoxy group on the triazine ring, previously observed with a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain, was not observed with A. niger. 相似文献
30.
De Sabato Luca Amoroso Maria Grazia Ianiro Giovanni Esposito Claudia De Grossi Luigi Fusco Giovanna Barone Antonino Martini Enrica Ostanello Fabio Di Bartolo Ilaria 《Food and environmental virology》2020,12(1):1-8
Food and Environmental Virology - In industrialized countries, hepatitis E is now recognized as an emerging zoonosis. Autochthonous cases have been increased over recent years in Europe and are... 相似文献