Changes of surface water pollution of Suzhou region:a case study in Taicang County, China

Environmental pollution is a by-product of industrialization when economy of a region is developing. China also suffers from such a problem, especially in the southern part like Suzhou region in Jiangsu Province. In this paper, data covering situations of surface water pollution and social and economic development showed that the surface water pollution in Taicang County, a typical economic zone of Suzhou region, is significantly correlated to the economic growth of this region.     

重金属复合污染对蚕豆性状影响的模糊聚类与性状代间分化的摄动分析

运用正交设计，经过４代的原位种植实验，获得了Ｐｂ~（２＋）、Ｃｄ~（２＋）、Ｈｇ~（２＋）、Ｚｎ~（２＋）复合污染对同一蚕豆（ＶｉｃｉａｆａｂａＬ．）种质在株高、首次开花时间、每株结豆荚数、单位豆荚豆粒数（每２０个豆荚）、种子的重量（５０粒）等数量性状的表型数据。利用模糊聚类和摄动分析方法，获得了２５种污染组合对蚕豆数量性状影响的聚类特征，考察了蚕豆代间分化的趋向。实验结果表明，重金属复会污染对蚕豆的毒害作用，不仅同元素的种类和各自的浓度有关，而且与金属离子相互之间的浓度比例密切相关；对于连续种植的蚕豆，其对金属污染的性状变化因世代条件不同而有差异，Ｐｂ~（２＋）、Ｃｄ~（２＋）、Ｈｇ~（２＋）污染条件下，随着代数的推移，性状逐步向正常条件下的数值方向恢复，而Ｚｎ~（２＋）仅在第二代时表现出毒害。本文还讨论了利用植物反应衡量污染物的毒性问题。     

Air quality impact of the coal-fired power plants in the northern passageway of the China West-East Power Transmission Project

This paper analyzes the air quality impacts of coal-fired power plants in the northern passageway of the West-East Power Transmission Project in China. A three-layer Lagrangian model called ATMOS, was used to simulate the spatial distribution of incremental sulfur dioxide (SO2) and coarse particulate matter (PM10) concentrations under different emission control scenarios. In the year 2005, the emissions from planned power plants mainly affected the air quality of Shanxi, Shaanxi, the common boundary of Inner Mongolia and Shanxi, and the area around the boundary between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia. In these areas, the annually averaged incremental SO2 and PM10 concentrations exceed 2 and 2.5 microg/m3, respectively. The maximum increases of the annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations are 8.3 and 7.2 microg/m3, respectively, which occur around Hancheng city, near the boundary of the Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces. After integrated control measures are considered, the maximum increases of annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations fall to 4.9 and 4 microg/m3, respectively. In the year 2010, the areas affected by planned power plants are mainly North Shaanxi, North Ningxia, and Northwest Shanxi. The maximum increases of the annually averaged SO2 and PM10, concentrations are, respectively, 6.3 and 5.6 microg/m3, occurring in Northwest Shanxi, which decline to 4.4 and 4.1 microg/m3 after the control measures are implemented. The results showed that the proposed power plants mainly affect the air quality of the region where the power plants are built, with little impact on East China where the electricity will be used. The influences of planned power plants on air quality will be decreased greatly by implementing integrated control measures.     

含碳气溶胶研究进展：有机碳和元素碳

含碳气溶胶是我国大气区域性复合型污染的重要物种,对全球气候变化、辐射强迫、能见度、环境质量、人类健康等会产生重要影响.主要从含碳气溶胶来源及成因、环境影响、样品采集及测试等方面对国内外相关研究进行了评述,讨论了有机碳和元素碳研究中存在的关键和难点问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望.     

钡盐共沉法处理酸性含铅废水

硫酸盐、氯化物复杂体系含铅酸性废水对环境的污染比较严重,并且不易处理.采用钡盐共沉法对含铅废水的处理进行研究,结果表明,钡盐共沉法可有效除去废水中的铅,但除铅效果受铅与废水中氯离子络合程度的影响,而受反应时间、温度、陈化时间的影响较小,容易实现工业化.采用钡盐共沉法处理硫酸盐氯化物复杂体系酸性废水.处理后的废水中含铅量远低于0.5 mg/L.     

浙江省畜牧业发展的生态环境问题及其控制对策

系统地论述了浙江省畜牧业发展的生态环境问题,分析了畜禽污染的现状和趋势,提出了一整套消除畜牧公害,促进畜牧业可持续发展的对策和措施 。     

自控水力截齿增大块率的声发射实验研究

通过对岩石破裂过程中声发射活动的实验探测，证明自控水力截齿在一定的水力参数和截割条件下，对岩样的潜在损伤范围及实际破碎沟槽宽度都明显大于同样截割条件下的普通截齿，从而为采掘机械应用少截齿配置方案以提高块率提供了一条可行的技术途径。     

基于可靠度约束的高层建筑结构优化设计

本文以文献中提出的结构体系可靠度分析的最弱失效模式法为基础,充分考虑结构体系的造价和结构的损失期望与结构体系可靠度的关系,以及结构构件的可靠度约束,提出了结构体系目标可靠度的优化决策方法;基于优化决策的结果,提出了结构体系的最优设计准则;最后,依所提出的最优设计准则,实现了高层建筑基于构件和结构可靠度约束的结构优化设计。     

CT4-35钻井废水处理剂的研制及应用

CT-35是一种高效的钻井废水处理剂，与其它常用药剂相比，该混凝剂对处理高浓度钻井废水特别是处理难度很大的磺化类废水有明显的优势。介绍了CT4-35研制、生产工艺，用它处理现场钻井废水的情况。现场使用表明：利用CT4-35处理钻井废水，COD的去除率可达85％以上，浊度去除率为100％，处理后出水呈中性（PH6～8），色度小于原水样的1／10，出水清澈透明，并且产生的污泥量少。通过对处理前、后出水的水质分析，证明其中无药剂残留。     

瀑布沟水电站的主要环境问题

本文简要介绍了瀑布沟水电站的工程情况，工程地区的环境特点，以及兴建该工程带来的主要环境影响，包括自然环境，生物环境和社会环境的影响及其评价结论。