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21.
Public opinion and siting solid waste landfills in Kuwait 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anwar F. Al-Yaqout P. A. Koushki Mohamed F. Hamoda 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2002,35(4):2370
Siting municipal solid waste landfills in Kuwait had not considered public concerns about the location of such facilities. Kuwait Municipality has disposed urban waste in abandoned sand quarries for the past 20 years in an unplanned fashion. Due to this improper siting criteria, environmental and health problems have risen from old landfills that are located in residential areas. In an effort to help responsible decision-makers in assessing public support for siting landfills a structured, yet simple, questionnaire was designed and distributed to a random sample of heads of households. Statistical techniques were employed to examine trends and relationships between the sample public responses concerning landfill siting criteria. The findings of the research indicated that a significant percentage of the responding sample did not know about the various landfill impacts and less than 50% were aware of the negative impacts of landfills on the public health and the environment. The visual appearance of the landfill scored the lowest impact in the opinion of the sample public while the most important aspect in siting a landfill appeared to be its economic consideration. The research findings also directed attention to the important role that the media could play in increasing public awareness. Results from the cross-classification analysis demonstrated the existence of differences in awareness levels according to age, nationality, martial status, education, and occupation of the responding sample. Statistically, these differences were significant at the 95% significance level, as supported by the test of the χ-square. 相似文献
22.
Ahmed I. El-Seesy Mohamed Nour Ali M. A. Attia Hamdy Hassan 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(3):233-253
ABSTRACTThis article aims to study the influence of the addition of graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO) to diesel/higher alcohols blends on the combustion, emission, and exergy parameters of a CI engine under various engine loads. The higher alcohols mainly n-butanol, n-heptanol, and n-octanol are blended with diesel at a volume fraction of 50%. Then, the 25 and 50 mg/L concentrations of GO are dispersed into diesel/higher alcohols blends using an ultrasonicator. The GO structures are examined using TEM, TGA, XRD and FTIR. The findings show that there is a reduction in pmax. and HRR when adding higher alcohols with diesel fuel. Regarding engine emission, there is a significant improvement in emissions formation with adding higher alcohols. The addition of GO into diesel/higher alcohols blends improves the brake thermal efficiency by 15%. Moreover, the pmax. and HRR are both enhanced by 4%. The CO, UHC and smoke formation are reduced considerably by 40%, 50 and 20%, respectively, while NOx level is increased by 30% with adding GO. Finally, adding high percentages of n-butanol, n-heptanol, and n-octanol with diesel fuel with the presence of GO has the potential to achieve ultra-low CO, UHC, and smoke formation meanwhile keeping high thermal efficiency level. 相似文献
23.
Ahmed AA Mohamed A Ali AE Barakat A Abd El-Hady M El-Hussein A 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2004,77(3):275-283
During a one year period, from Jan. 2002 up to Dec. 2002, approximately 130 air samples were analyzed to determine the atmospheric air activity concentrations of short- and long-lived (222Rn) decay products 214Pb and 210Pb. The samples were taken by using a single-filter technique and gamma-spectrometry was applied to determine the activity concentrations. A seasonal fluctuation in the concentration of 214Pb and 210Pb in surface air was observed. The activity concentrations of both radionuclides were observed to be relatively higher during the winter/autumn season than in spring/summer season. The mean activity concentration of 214Pb and 210Pb within the whole year was found to be 1.4+/-0.27 Bq m(-3) and 1.2+/-0.15 mBq m(-3), respectively. Different 210Pb:214Pb activity ratios during the year varied between 1.78 x 10(-4) and 1.6 x 10(-3) with a mean value of 8.9 x 10(-4) +/- 7.6 x 10(-5). From the ratio between the activity concentrations of the radon decay products 214Pb and 210Pb a mean residence time (MRT) of aerosol particles in the atmosphere of about 10.5+/-0.91 d could be estimated. The seasonal variation pattern shows relatively higher values of MRT in spring/summer season than in winter/autumn season. The MRT data together with relative humidity (RH), air temperature (T) and wind speed (WS), were used for a comprehensive regression analysis of its seasonal variation in the atmospheric air. 相似文献
24.
Shawky S Amer HA Hussein MI el-Mahdy Z Mustafa M 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2002,4(4):588-591
The safety of radiation workers in the uranium mining industry requires close and continuous monitoring of their working conditions. In this study, external radiation surveillance, radioactive dust monitoring and the bioassay of uranium were carried out in some processing sites. As dust represents one of the most important sources of radiation exposure in mills and mines, dust monitoring and bioassays were performed for a sample of workers on the production lines. The concentration of uranium in air ranged from 22.6 x 10(-7) to 11.1 x 10(-5) Bq cm-3, and the exposure levels ranged from 1 to 80 microSv h-1. Laser fluorimetric determination of uranium in urine samples showed concentrations in the range 8.4-29.2 micrograms L-1. Renal function parameters, such as serum creatinine and urea, and hematological parameters were determined in an attempt to correlate them with radiation exposure and the health status of the workers. Urine specimens collected from workers at the ore crushing and separation site showed elevated concentrations of uranium (up to 29.2 micrograms L-1) and a strong correlation between these concentrations and the registered serum creatinine. The mean uranium excretion in the investigated group was more than 20 times the occupational exposure decision level for urine uranium of 0.8 microgram L-1. 相似文献
25.
Mohamed Osman Saeed Mohd Nasir Hassan M. Abdul Mujeebu 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(7):2209-2213
This paper presents a forecasting study of municipal solid waste generation (MSWG) rate and potential of its recyclable components in Kuala Lumpur (KL), the capital city of Malaysia. The generation rates and composition of solid wastes of various classes such as street cleansing, landscape and garden, industrial and constructional, institutional, residential and commercial are analyzed. The past and present trends are studied and extrapolated for the coming years using Microsoft office 2003 Excel spreadsheet assuming a linear behavior. The study shows that increased solid waste generation of KL is alarming. For instance, the amount of daily residential SWG is found to be about 1.62 kg/capita; with the national average at 0.8–0.9 kg/capita and is expected to be increasing linearly, reaching to 2.23 kg/capita by 2024. This figure seems reasonable for an urban developing area like KL city. It is also found that, food (organic) waste is the major recyclable component followed by mix paper and mix plastics. Along with estimated population growth and their business activities, it has been observed that the city is still lacking in terms of efficient waste treatment technology, sufficient fund, public awareness, maintaining the established norms of industrial waste treatment etc. Hence it is recommended that the concerned authority (DBKL) shall view this issue seriously. 相似文献
26.
27.
Mohamed F. Yassin 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(6):3749-3760
This paper presents a model for coupling the statistics of wind velocity distribution and atmospheric pollutant dispersion.
The effect of wind velocity distribution is modeled as a three-dimensional finite-impulse response (3D-FIR) filter. A phase
space representation of the 3D-FIR filter window is discussed. The resulting pollutant dispersion is the multiplication in
the phase space of the 3-D Fourier transform of the pollutant concentration and the volume described by the filter window
coefficients. The shape of the filter window in the phase space enables representing such effects as vortex shedding thermal
currents, etc. The impact of spatial distribution of the sensors on the resulting pollutant spatial distribution and the 3-D
FIR filter model employed also discuss. The case of a neutrally buoyant plume emitted from an elevated point source in a turbulent
boundary layer considers. The results show that wind turbulence is an important factor in the pollutant dispersion and introduces
expected random fluctuations in pollutant distribution and leads to spreading the distribution due to wind mixing. 相似文献
28.
29.
Giant reed for selenium phytoremediation under changing climate 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hassan R. El-Ramady Neama Abdalla Tarek Alshaal Ahmed S. Elhenawy Mohamed S. Shams Salah E.-D. A. Faizy El-Sayed B. Belal Said A. Shehata Mohamed I. Ragab Megahed M. Amer Miklós Fári Attila Sztrik József Prokisch Dirk Selmar Ewald Schnug Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits Samia M. El-Marsafawy Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2015,13(4):359-380
30.
A high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector analytical method was developed to determine the residue levels of flusilazole in grape and investigate the dissipation pattern and safety. The results showed that the mean recoveries were in the range of 86%–90%. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.008 and 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. The residue levels of flusilazole were best described by first-order rate kinetics and with half-lives ranging from 4.2 days (recommended dose) to 4.6 days (double the recommended dose). In conclusion, flusilazole at the recommended or even at double the recommended doses does not pose any apparent hazards to consumers. 相似文献