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101.
The model of random population dynamics in a sampling site returns geometric distribution of longevities of continuous presence (=persistence) and Poisson distribution of the presence–absence transitions. This discrete-time stochastic process describes the presence–absence pattern observed in the beetles surveyed 6 years on Mount Carmel, Israel. Homogeneous pools of species mostly on the Families rank, exhibit the predicted by the model patterns. Conformity to an ergodic hypothesis is the criterion of ecological homogeneity. This criterion assumes the equivalence of short-term behavior of entire pool and long-term behavior of any species from this pool. The pool of all 801 species of Order Coleoptera does not match the model. Thus a taxon of an arbitrary rank may not be considered a priory as a unit of ecological study. Determined from field data parameters of the model are biased and magnitude of the bias depends on longevity of the survey. Parameter of distribution depends also on species tolerance, which is the level adaptation of given species to given environment in given time interval. Random process of species turnover may be considered as a game of species to gain their presence against deteriorative fluctuations of environmental conditions. 相似文献
102.
M. Aničić M. Tasić M. V. Frontasyeva M. Tomašević S. Rajšić L. P. Strelkova A. Popović E. Steinnes 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2009,7(1):55-60
Active biomonitoring of the air quality in Belgrade, Serbia, was performed using the moss Sphagnum
girgensohnii. Moss bags were exposed in parallel with and without irrigation for 3 and 6 months, respectively, at three different sites.
Twenty-nine elements were determined in the exposed moss samples by INAA. For all exposure periods, higher uptake in the irrigated
moss bags was evident for Al, Cr, Fe, Zn and Sr. Elements such as Cl, K, Rb and Cs were depleted in the moss tissue during
the time of exposure. For most of the elements the accumulation after 6 months exceeded that observed after 3 months. 相似文献
103.
Douglas G. Sprugel Katherine G. Rascher Rolf Gersonde Martin Dovčiak James A. Lutz Charles B. Halpern 《Ecological modelling》2009
Young forests can be manipulated in diverse ways to enhance their ecological values. We used stem maps from two dense, second-growth stands in western Washington and a spatially explicit light model (tRAYci) to simulate effects of five silvicultural manipulations on diameter distribution, species composition, spatial patterning, and light availability. Each treatment removed 30% of the basal area, but differed in how trees were selected for removal. Three primary treatments were thin from below (removing the smallest trees), random thin (removing trees randomly), and gap creation (removing all trees in circles ∼1 tree height in diameter). Two additional treatments combined elements of these approaches: random ecological thin (a mixture of thin from below and random thin) and structured ecological thin (a mixture of thin from below and gap creation). 相似文献
104.
Rapant S Cvecková V Dietzová Z Khun M Letkovicová M 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2009,31(1):11-25
This study presents an assessment of the potential impact of geological contamination of the environment on the health of
the population in Spišsko-Gemerské rudohorie Mts. (SGR Mts.). The concentration levels of potentially toxic elements (mainly
As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Sb, and Zn) were determined in soils, groundwater, surface water, and stream sediments as well as in the
food chain (locally grown vegetables). A medical study included some 30 health indicators for all 98 municipalities of the
study area. The As and Sb contents in human fluids and tissues were analyzed in one municipality identified to be at the highest
risk. Based on element content, environmental and health risks were calculated for respective municipalities. Out of 98 municipalities
14 were characterized with extremely high environmental risk and 10 were characterized with very high carcinogenic risk from
arsenic (groundwater). Extensive statistical analysis of geochemical data (element contents in soils, groundwater, surface
water, and stream sediments) and health indicators was performed. Significant correlations between element contents in the
geological environment and health indicators, mainly cancer and cardiovascular diseases, were identified. Biological monitoring
has confirmed the transfer of elements from the geological environment to human fluids and tissues as well as to the local
food chain. 相似文献
105.
106.
Health risk assessment maps for arsenic groundwater content: application of national geochemical databases 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This investigation assesses the feasibility of calculating and visualizing health risk estimates from exposure to groundwater
contaminated with arsenic (As) using data from national geochemical databases. The potential health risk associated with As-contaminated
groundwater was assessed based on an elaboration of existing geochemical data in accordance with accepted methodological procedures
established for human health risk assessment (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency methodology). A screening analysis approach
was used for estimating the contribution of As to the total chronic health risk from exposure to groundwater contaminated
with potentially toxic elements, including As, Ba, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se and Zn, and the results indicate that As contributes
significantly (>50%) to this total health chronic risk in about 10% of Slovak territory. Based on the calculation of the
potential risk level by exposure modelling, increased chronic as well as carcinogenic risk levels (medium to high) were documented
in approximately 0.2 and 11% of the total Slovak area, respectively. The areas characterized by high health risk levels are
mainly those geogenically contaminated. High and very high carcinogenic risk was determined in 34 of 79 districts and in 528
of 2924 municipalities. 相似文献
107.
Junga Petr Trávníček Petr Suchý Pavel Kotek Luboš Vítěz Tomáš 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(1):288-301
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This work focuses on the issue of emergency prevention in the operation of municipal solid waste landfills. In this work, an emergency is... 相似文献
108.
Robyn E. Tuerena Claire Mahaffey Sian F. Henley Camille de la Vega Louisa Norman Tim Brand Tina Sanders Margot Debyser Kirstin Dhnke Judith Braun Christian Mrz 《Ambio》2022,51(2):355
Climate change is altering nutrient cycling within the Arctic Ocean, having knock-on effects to Arctic ecosystems. Primary production in the Arctic is principally nitrogen-limited, particularly in the western Pacific-dominated regions where denitrification exacerbates nitrogen loss. The nutrient status of the eastern Eurasian Arctic remains under debate. In the Barents Sea, primary production has increased by 88% since 1998. To support this rapid increase in productivity, either the standing stock of nutrients has been depleted, or the external nutrient supply has increased. Atlantic water inflow, enhanced mixing, benthic nitrogen cycling, and land–ocean interaction have the potential to alter the nutrient supply through addition, dilution or removal. Here we use new datasets from the Changing Arctic Ocean program alongside historical datasets to assess how nitrate and phosphate concentrations may be changing in response to these processes. We highlight how nutrient dynamics may continue to change, why this is important for regional and international policy-making and suggest relevant research priorities for the future.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01673-0. 相似文献
109.
110.
Marija Sarić-Krsmanović Jelena Gajić Umiljendić Ljiljana Radivojević Ljiljana Šantrić Ivana Potočnik Rada Đurović-Pejčev 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(4):247-251
The evaluation of the inhibition effect exerted by the essential oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum), sage (Salvia officinalis), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea) on seeds germination and early seedling growth of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) weed was examined in a laboratory bioassay. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized chemically by gas chromatography coupled with both mass spectrometry and flame ionization detector. The working solutions of essential oil emulsified with Tween 20 and dissolved in distilled water were prepared at three concentration levels (0.01%, 0.1% and 1%, vol/vol). The results obtained showed that increase of essential oil concentration leads to decrease of seed germination, shoot and radical length of velvetleaf. The obtained data revealed a highly significant effect (P?<?0.05) between control and 1% and 0.1% oil concentrations in all treatments. The essential oils of basil, thyme and lemon balm exhibited more powerful bio-herbicidal effect compared to sage and goldenrod essential oils on the germination and early seedling growth of velvetleaf weed. 相似文献