污泥龄对LSP & PNR污泥减量新工艺运行效能的影响

通过研究分析污泥龄(SRT)对富磷污水除磷的LSP&PNR污泥减量新工艺运行效果的影响,结果发现,延长污泥龄有利于提高系统的厌氧释磷能力,但不影响其总的除磷率,同时磷的回收比例增大,当SRT=50 d时,磷回收率取得最大值70.4%;LSP&PNR系统污泥龄增加,还有利于污泥产率的降低.试验还发现,排富磷污水除磷的长污泥龄LSP&PNR系统的除磷效率与污泥产率之间不存在制约关系,即系统可以同时获得优异的污泥减量与生物除磷效果,当SRT=50 d时,每降解1 kg COD仅产生0.143 kg污泥,而除磷率达最高值92.8%;LSP&PNR系统中SRT、DO与SVI之间存在一定的相关性,在供氧充足(DO=0.8～1.5 mg/L)条件下,SRT增加,SVI越高,但对于SRT为50 d的LSP&PNR系统,稳定运行时没有污泥膨胀之虞.     

污泥龄对LSP & PNR污泥减量新工艺运行效能的影响

通过研究分析污泥龄（SRT）对富磷污水除磷的LSP&PNR污泥减量新工艺运行效果的影响,结果发现,延长污泥龄有利于提高系统的厌氧释磷能力,但不影响其总的除磷率,同时磷的回收比例增大,当SRT=50 d时,磷回收率取得最大值70.4％;LSP&PNR系统污泥龄增加,还有利于污泥产率的降低。试验还发现,排富磷污水除磷的长污泥龄LSP&PNR系统的除磷效率与污泥产率之间不存在制约关系,即系统可以同时获得优异的污泥减量与生物除磷效果,当SRT=50 d时,每降解1 kg COD仅产生0.143 kg污泥,而除磷率达最高值928％;LSP&PNR系统中SRT、DO与SVI之间存在一定的相关性,在供氧充足（DO＝0.8～1.5 mg/L）条件下,SRT增加,SVI越高,但对于SRT为50 d的LSP&PNR系统,稳定运行时没有污泥膨胀之虞。     

Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soil in Tianjin, China

Principal component analysis and multiple linear regression were applied to apportion sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils of Tianjin, China based on the measured PAH concentrations of 188 surface soil samples. Four principal components were identified representing coal combustion, petroleum, coke oven plus biomass burning, and chemical industry discharge, respectively. The contributions of major sources were quantified as 41% from coal, 20% from petroleum, and 39% from coking and biomass, which are compatible with PAH emissions estimated based on fuel consumption and emission factors. When the study area was divided into three zones with distinctive differences in soil PAH concentration and profile, different source features were unveiled. For the industrialized Tanggu-Hangu zone, the major contributors were cooking (43%), coal (37%) and vehicle exhaust (20%). In rural area, however, in addition to the three main sources, biomass burning was also important (13%). In urban-suburban zone, incineration accounted for one fourth of the total.     

Information system with multiple data layer approach to select the C&D waste landfilling infrastructure

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Landfilling is a critical method in managing massive generated C&D waste, and the appropriate selection of C&D waste landfill sites...     

Relationship between heavy metal consolidation and H2S removal by biochar from microwave pyrolysis of municipal sludge: effect and mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The synergistic effects of pyrolysis byproduct, biochar (BC) on heavy metal consolidation, and H2S removal during and after from microwave pyrolysis...     

重庆高新区可持续发展水平评价与对策研究

提出了建立重庆高新区可持续发展评价指标体系的6项基本原则，从经济高效、社会文明、环境舒适（ESE）3方面设计了包括3个高层指标、8个中层指标、45个单项指标的指标体系。采用特尔斐法、层次分析法和线性加权法，对评价指数进行了量化计算和整合，据此评价重庆高新区的可持续发展水平，并对照发展性质相似的苏州高新区、深圳高新区，指出重庆高新区在发展中存在的问题，并提出可持续发展的若干对策。     

中国电力行业可持续发展研究

能源问题是可持续发展研究中的重点之一.目前电力是应用最广泛、最方便、最清洁的一种二次能源.在分析中国电力行业的发展概况,对未来电力需求作出预测,并总结了目前中国电力行业的供给情况,提出当前电力行业存在的结构不合理、产能过剩、电网建设滞后等问题;并以此为基础,从提高经济与环境协同度的角度出发,针对电力行业的结构调整提出发展水电核电的建议,最后探讨了在电力行业中发展清洁生产和循环经济,旨在对中国电力行业的可持续发展作出初步研究.     

A theoretical study of hydrogen-bonded molecular clusters of sulfuric acid and organic acids with amides

Amides, a series of significant atmospheric nitrogen-containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), can participate in new particle formation (NPF) throught interacting with sulfuric acid (SA) and organic acids. In this study, we investigated the molecular interactions of formamide (FA), acetamide (AA), N-methylformamide (MF), propanamide (PA), N-methylacetamide (MA), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with SA, acetic acid (HAC), propanoic acid (PAC), oxalic acid (OA), and malonic acid (MOA). Global minimum of clusters were obtained through the association of the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The conformational analysis, thermochemical analysis, frequency analysis, and topological analysis were conducted to determine the interactions of hydrogen-bonded molecular clusters. The heterodimers formed a hepta or octa membered ring through four different types of hydrogen bonds, and the strength of the bonds are ranked in the following order: SOH???O > COH???O > NH???O > CH???O. We also evaluated the stability of the clusters and found that the stabilization effect of amides with SA is weaker than that of amines with SA but stronger than that of ammonia (NH₃) with SA in the dimer formation of nucleation process. Additionally, the nucleation capacity of SA with amides is greater than that of organic acids with amides.     

Influencing factors and prediction of ambient Peroxyacetyl nitrate concentration in Beijing, China

Peroxyacyl nitrates (PANs) are important secondary pollutants in ground-level atmosphere. Accurate prediction of atmospheric pollutant concentrations is crucial to guide effective precautions for before and during specific pollution events. In this study, four models based on the back-propagation (BP) artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods were used to predict the hourly average PAN concentrations at Peking University, Beijing, in 2014. The model inputs were atmospheric pollutant data and meteorological parameters. Model 3 using a BP-ANN based on the original variables achieved the best prediction results among the four models, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.7089, mean bias error of ? 0.0043 ppb, mean absolute error of 0.4836?ppb, root mean squared error of 0.5320?ppb, and Willmott's index of agreement of 0.8214. Based on a comparison of the performance indices of the MLR and BP-ANN models, we concluded that the BP-ANN model was able to capture the highly non-linear relationships between PAN concentration and the conventional atmospheric pollutant and meteorological parameters, providing more accurate results than the traditional MLR models did, with a markedly higher goodness of R. The selected meteorological and atmospheric pollutant parameters described a sufficient amount of PAN variation, and thus provided satisfactory prediction results. More specifically, the BP-ANN model performed very well for capturing the variation pattern when PAN concentrations were low. The findings of this study address some of the existing knowledge gaps in this research field and provide a theoretical basis for future regional air pollution control.     

Watershed protection and landscape enhancement by utilization of river water

A scheme for watershed protection and landscape enhaneement(WPLE) by utilization of fiver water was proposed to renovate water resources and protect ecological environment in Qiongshan City, Hainan Province, China. Utilization of fiver water may diminish the drought and flood risks. The scheme is benefieial to solve the problems of water resources shortage, groundwater declines and saltwater intrusion in the watershed. The object of the WPLE scheme is to aehieve a sustainable integrated development of environment, ecology, economy and society.A kind of physieally beautiful and funetionally vivid landscape may exert its synthetieal funetion on the diversity of landscape and the enjoyment of inhabitants. Feasibility of the scheme will be demonstrated by more exoeriments and tests, as well as observations in a long term.