浅论防震减灾工作中的城市分类

本文就我国国情及各省、区城市的条件、震情的差异，将全国不同城市综合性地作了一个宏观分类。这对推行城市地震灾害综合防御工作将是大有益处的。     

Enhanced coagulation of ferric chloride aided by tannic acid for phosphorus removal from wastewater

Phosphorus removal from wastewater is of great importance. In the present study, ferric chloride was selected as the coagulant, and tannic acid (TA), a natural polymer, as the coagulant aid to develop an effective coagulation process with the emphasis of phosphorus recovery from different types of wastewater. The results showed that TA can accelerate the settling speed by forming flocs with large size, reduce the residual Fe(III) to eliminate the yellow color caused by Fe(III), and slightly increase the phosphorus removal efficiency. The precipitate formed by TA-aided coagulation showed the advantage of releasing phosphorus faster than ferric phosphate, indicating the possibility of phosphorus recovery from wastewater as slow release fertilizer. To further understand the structural characteristics of the precipitate, analytical techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry were employed. The analytical results indicated that TA–Fe–P complex was formed during the coagulation/flocculation processes. Solid phase in the precipitate consisted of TA–Fe–P complex, Fe–TA complex and/or ferric hydroxyphosphate.     

秦皇岛市环境噪声变化趋势分析与防治对策

以秦皇岛市2001-2010年的噪声监测资料为依据,通过对环境噪声变化趋势的分析,发现秦皇岛市环境噪声源主要为社会生活噪声、交通噪声、工业噪声,并提出了相关防治对策。     

Removal of carbon disulfide via coupled reactions on a bi-functional catalyst: experimental and modeling results

A mathematical model describing the rate of carbon disulfide (CS₂) removal due to coupled reactions has been developed. Kinetic studies were carried out in a fixed bed reactor under atmospheric pressure and a range of temperatures (85–125 °C). The effects of flow rate, CS₂ inlet concentration, temperature and relative humidity were analyzed. A kinetic model based on axial dispersion, external and internal mass-transfer resistances, as well as effects of S deposition on the inner-face of the catalyst was in agreement with the CS₂ experimental breakthrough curves. The mathematical model can be used for process design and scale up of similar systems.     

温度对强震动记录器零位漂移影响实验研究

选取我国强震动观测台网使用较为广泛的7种强震动记录器,在实验室中模拟极限工作环境温度,选取5个温度测试点,通过测量仪器自噪声,分析计算各温度点仪器零位漂移值。通过计算得出在极限温度下,GDQJ2型仪器零位漂移值较大,BASALT型与EADS型仪器零位漂移值较小,但7种实验仪器的技术指标均满足地震行业规范要求。本实验也为将来在真实环境下的强震仪零位漂移温度实验提供参考。     

淫羊藿果实成熟与生境的关系

以四川省南充市金城山3个不同海拔高度(562 m, 640 m和726 m)的淫羊藿为研究对象,对其果实成熟的时间及数量进行了研究;同时也对其果实成熟量与大气湿度、温度、光照强度之间的关系进行了研究.相关的数据分析表明,淫羊藿果实成熟过程可分为初始期、高峰期和末期3个阶段.果实成熟主要受湿度,光照和温度的影响.气温的突变可能是促进淫羊藿果实成熟的机制之一;果实数与相对光照、温度之间都存在极显著的相关性.随着海拔高度的变化,淫羊藿果实成熟时间也有相应变化.由于淫羊藿果实成熟后易自裂,所以研究不同生境淫羊霍果实成熟时间的差异对于淫羊霍种子的采收也相当重要.     

流速对河道系统截留氮、磷的影响

为有效阻控太湖湖西地区小流域河流中的氮、磷进入太湖,对比了不同流速下河道对河流上覆水和间隙水中NH₄＋-N,NO₃－-N,NO₂－-N和可溶磷的截留情况,同时通过实验室模拟河道探讨了不同流速下氮、磷截留的机理. 结果表明,河道系统本身不太稳定,在有外界条件(如其他河流的汇入)作用下可以引起一系列的变化. 流速对河道中NH₄＋-N,NO₃－-N,NO₂－-N和可溶磷的截留有较大影响,在保证初始条件和外部条件相同的前提下,快速流(流速为1.00 cm/min)对氮、磷的截留量最小,中速流(流速为0.35 cm/min)次之,慢速流(流速为0.17 cm/min)对氮、磷的截留量最大. 在整个过程中流速对氮的截留基本上是先增加再略有下降,而对磷的截留是先增加再逐渐趋于平稳.      

用移动床生物膜反应器处理石化废水

采用悬浮填料移动床生物膜反应器处理石化废水,在水力停留时间大于6h、反应器填料投加率为50％的条件下,出水COD、NH3－N、SS、浊度等均达到国家排放标准,在水力停留时间大于8h时,能达到良好的硝化效果。     

超固结比对黏土热固结特性的影响研究

通过开展固结压缩试验,研究了超固结比(OCR)对海相沉积软黏土热固结特性的影响。试验结果表明:加温可能使软土发生沉降或回弹。在OCR较小的情况下,加温将使软黏土产生沉降;OCR越小,温度效应导致的沉降量越大,降温后回弹较少。在OCR较大的情况下,加温将使软土产生膨胀;降温后膨胀可部分恢复,且OCR越大恢复量越大。在此基础上,根据测试结果拟合了考虑OCR影响的热固结经验关系式。该式可用来预测不同应力状态条件下软土应变随温度变化的关系。