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81.
Ghumman AR Ghazaw YM Hashmi HN Kamal MA Niazi MF 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(3):1671-1681
Many drainage schemes and salinity control projects have been executed world wide. Pipe drainage has widely been used in Pakistan,
Egypt and India to control waterlogging. The impact of pipe drainage on land and water was evaluated in this paper using data
of three pipe drainage projects in Pakistan namely Khushab Salinity Control and Reclamation Project, Fourth Drainage Project
in Faisalabad and Swabi Salinity Control and Reclamation Project. Data by regular monitoring of these projects were collected.
The effect of pipe drainage on water table depth at these three locations has been compared. Water quality and soil salinity
improvement due to the pipe drainage has also been investigated. Data, related to water table depths and discharges from drain
pipes/wells, was collected. Observation wells, installed at various places by the Water and Power Development Authority, were
used for collection of this data. To evaluate the impact of the projects on salinity, soil samples from all the three locations
were tested. A questionnaire was prepared to get the view of the people about the projects. It was revealed that in these
areas, due to subsurface pipe drainage, the percentage of the abandoned land has been considerably decreased. Over drainage
was observed in a few places of the projects. The farmers at such places were asked to change their cropping patterns. Ultimately,
there has been an increase in area under cultivation, crop yields and cropping intensity in the projects’ area. 相似文献
82.
Ali Ahsan Bajwa Sehrish Sadia Hafiz Haider Ali Khawar Jabran Arslan Masood Peerzada Bhagirath Singh Chauhan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(24):24694-24710
Weed management is one of the prime concerns for sustainable crop production. Conyza bonariensis and Conyza canadensis are two of the most problematic, noxious, invasive and widespread weeds in modern-day agriculture. The biology, ecology and interference of C. bonariensis and C. canadensis have been reviewed here to highlight pragmatic management options. Both these species share a unique set of biological features, which enables them to invade and adapt a wide range of environmental conditions. Distinct reproductive biology and an efficient seed dispersal mechanism help these species to spread rapidly. Ability to interfere strongly and to host crop pests makes these two species worst weeds of cropping systems. These weed species cause 28–68 % yield loss in important field crops such as soybean and cotton every year. These weeds are more prevalent in no-till systems and, thus, becoming a major issue in conservation agriculture. Cultural practices such as crop rotations, seed rate manipulation, mulching, inter-row tillage and narrow row spacing may provide an effective control of these species. However, such methods are not feasible and applicable under all types of conditions. Different herbicides also provide a varying degree of control depending on crop, agronomic practices, herbicide dose, application time and season. However, both these species have evolved resistance against multiple herbicides, including glyphosate and paraquat. The use of alternative herbicides and integrated management strategies may provide better control of herbicide-resistant C. bonariensis and C. canadensis. Management plans based on the eco-biological interactions of these species may prove sustainable in the future. 相似文献
83.
Optimisation of rainwater tank design from large roofs: A case study in Melbourne, Australia 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Monzur Alam Imteaz Abdallah ShanablehAtaur Rahman Amimul Ahsan 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):1022-1029
Rainwater tanks for larger roof areas need optimisation of tank size, which is often not carried out before installation of these tanks. This paper presents a case study of rainwater tank evaluation and design for large roof areas, located in Melbourne, Australia, based on observed daily rainfall data representing three different climatic regimes (i.e. dry average, and wet years). With the aim of developing a comprehensive Decision Support Tool for the performance analysis and design of rainwater tanks, a simple spreadsheet based daily water balance model is developed using daily rainfall data, contributing roof area, rainfall loss factor, available storage volume, tank overflow and irrigation water demand. In this case study, two (185 m3 and 110 m3) underground rainwater tanks are considered. Using the developed model, effectiveness of each tank under different climatic scenarios are assessed. The analysis shows that both the tanks are quite effective in wet and average years, however less effective in dry years. A payback period analysis of the tanks is preformed which reveals that the total construction cost of the tanks can be recovered within 15-21 years time depending on tank size, climatic conditions and future water price increase rates. For the tanks, a relationship between water price increase rates and payback periods is developed. The study highlights the need for detailed optimisation and financial analysis for large rainwater tanks to maximise the benefits. 相似文献
84.
Paudel Keshav R. Mehta Meenu Yin Geena Hew Suet Yen Lee Li Malyla Vamshikrishna Patel Vyoma K. Panneerselvam Jithendra Madheswaran Thiagarajan MacLoughlin Ronan Jha Niraj Kumar Gupta Piyush Kumar Singh Sachin Kumar Gupta Gaurav Kumar Pradeep Oliver Brian G. Hansbro Philip M. Chellappan Dinesh Kumar Dua Kamal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46830-46847
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is reported to have a high incidence rate and is one of the most prevalent types of cancer contributing towards 85%... 相似文献
85.
Almutairi Mubarak Harb Kamal Marey Omar Almutairi Khalid 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):88587-88605
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Currently, Saudi Arabia has very limited renewable energy generation capacity, as most of the country’s electricity sector is dependent on cheap... 相似文献
86.
Autoantibodies and autoimmune disorders in SARS-CoV-2 infection: pathogenicity and immune regulation
Darmarajan Thiviya Paudel Keshav Raj Candasamy Mayuren Chellian Jestin Madheswaran Thiagarajan Sakthivel Lakshmana Prabu Goh Bey Hing Gupta Piyush Kumar Jha Niraj Kumar Devkota Hari Prasad Gupta Gaurav Gulati Monica Singh Sachin Kumar Hansbro Philip Michael Oliver Brian Gregory George Dua Kamal Chellappan Dinesh Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(36):54072-54087
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease associated with the respiratory system caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The aim of this... 相似文献
87.
Abdullah Al Mamun Akhtar Aysha Barua Hillol Kamal Abu Hena Mustafa Islam Md. Shafiqul AftabUddin Sheikh Idris Mohd Hanafi Abualreesh Muyassar H. Modeo Letizia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(44):66389-66404
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Macroinvertebrate community in the intertidal setup plays an important role in coastal ecosystem functions and biogeochemical cycle. However,... 相似文献
88.
With parks and protected areas insufficient to sustain global biodiversity, the role of private land in biodiversity conservation is becoming increasingly significant. This paper reviews global voluntary and involuntary strategies for private land conservation. Involuntary strategies can achieve effective conservation outcomes, but often lack social acceptability. In contrast, voluntary strategies enjoy greater social acceptance but may not achieve sufficient uptake to have meaningful conservation objectives. Based on the review, we propose a classification system for private land conservation as a complement to the International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN's) classification of global protected areas. The classification system provides a framework for identifying and describing conservation strategies on private land on the dimension of tenure and security. It also identifies opportunities and vulnerabilities in achieving conservation on private land while emphasising the need for systematic data collection similar to IUCN's efforts for protected areas. 相似文献
89.
90.
Precipitation Chemistry and Occurrence of Acid Rain Over Dhanbad, Coal City of India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Singh AK Mondal GC Kumar S Singh KK Kamal KP Sinha A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,125(1-3):99-110
The present study investigated the chemical composition of wet atmospheric precipitation over Dhanbad, coal city of India.
The precipitation samples were collected on event basis for three years (July 2003 to October 2005) at Central Mining Research
Institute. The precipitation samples were analyzed for pH, conductivity, major anions (F, Cl, NO3, SO4) and cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K, NH4). The pH value varied from 4.01 to 6.92 (avg. 5.37) indicating acidic to alkaline nature of rainwater. The pH of the rainwater
was found well above the reference pH (5.6), showing alkalinity during the non-monsoon and early phase of monsoon, but during
the late phase of monsoon, pH tendency was towards acidity (<5.6~pH) indicating the non-availability of proper neutralizer
for acidic ions. The observed acidic events at this site were 91, (n = 162) accounting 56% for the entire monitoring months. The (NO3 + Cl)/SO4 ratio in majority of samples was found below 1.0, indicating that the acidity is greatly influenced by SO4. The calculated ratio of (Ca + NH4)/(NO3 + SO4) ranges between 0.42–5.13 (average 1.14), however in most of the samples, the ratio is greater than unity (>1.0) indicating
that Ca and NH4 play an important role in neutralization of acidic ions in rainwater. Ca and SO4 dominate the bulk ionic deposition and these two ions along with NH4 accounts 63% of the annual ionic deposition. 相似文献