Water quality characteristics along the course of the Huangpu River （China）

Huangpu River is about 114.5 km from upriver Dianfeng to downriver Wusong,near the estuary of the Yangtze River.It plays a key role in supplying water for production,life,shipment and irrigation.With the industrial development,the pollution of the Huangpu River has become serious recently.The biological oxygen demand (BOD),total nitrogen (TN),total phosphorus (TP),oil,phenol and suspended solids (SS) were lower in the upstream sites than in the downstream sites,indicating pollutants being input along its course. Water quality was the worst in the Yangpu site,near the center of Shanghai City.Dissolved oxygen (DO) content was less than 2 mg/L in the site of Yangpu in July.Among relations between thirteen characteristics,relations between BOD,DO,TN,TP,NH_4~ -N, NO_3~--N and the count of total bacteria or Escherichia coli were significant and interdependent.Inner relationships between these main characteristics in the Huangpu River were studied.High nutrient concentration led to growth of microorganisms,including E.coli. Degradation of organic matters and respiration of bacteria made oxygen concentration decreased in the water body,and DO was a key factor for nitrification-denitrification process of nitrogen.In the Yangpu site,DO was decreased to less than 3.0 mg/L with BOD higher than 7.5 mg/L in May and July.Low DO concentration will decrease nitrification rate.Nitrification need at higher DO value than other organic substrate oxidation.Consequently,river water contains low NO_3~--N values with high amounts of TN and NH_4~ -N there.This will block the self-purification of surface water,by decreasing the rate of nitrification-denitrification transformation process in the water body.     

《环境科学》再获“百种中国杰出学术期刊”称号

2010年11月26日,中国科学技术信息研究所在中国科技论文统计结果发布会上公布了2009年＂百种中国杰出学术期刊＂评选结果.《环境科学》再次荣获＂百种中国杰出学术期刊＂的称号,这也是自首次评选以来连续9次获此殊荣.     

《环境科学》多项引证指标名列前茅

2010年11月26日,中国科学技术信息研究所在中国科技论文统计结果发布会上公布了2009年度中国科技论文统计结果.统计结果显示2009年度《环境科学》多项引证指标位居环境科学技术、安全科学技术类期刊前列.     

紧急警报:塑化剂风波

2011年4月,有毒物质塑化剂的风波在台湾迅疾刮起,很快刮到世界十数个国家和地区,中国大陆近期也已查出含有塑化剂的多种食品。这股风波来龙去脉如何？塑化剂的危害又是怎样呢？     

探访中国"阿凡达人" 的神秘生活(下)

“莽人”虽然定居定耕在这里已有许久,但他们一直深居偏远的深山老林之中与世隔绝,交通和文化都十分闭塞和落后,所以其生育礼俗至今都保持着独特的形式。他们认为受孕是一种神秘力量进入妇女腹内的结果,万物都有灵魂,     

中欧合作重点在环境政策

欧盟驻华代表团团长、大使艾德和接受中国环境报记者专访时表示:中欧合作重点在环境政策.欧盟正在加强与中国在环境政策领域的合作,并制定了宏伟的涵盖气候变化、化学品以及全球贸易品生态设计在内的环境议程,同时鼓励中国实施类似的政策.欧盟驻华代表团团长、大使马库斯.艾德和在近日接受中国环     

青岛大气气溶胶中氨基化合物的分布特征

氨基化合物是大气气溶胶和雨水中常被检出的一类有机氮化合物,由于其可作为生物生长直接的氮源,因此可能对海洋生态系统产生直接作用.利用2008年1～12月在青岛采集的66个总悬浮颗粒物样品,采用邻苯二甲醛/N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸柱前衍生高效液相色谱法,分析了其中溶解态(DAC)和颗粒态氨基化合物(PAC)的浓度.气溶胶中DAC浓度为2.4～40.9nmol·m-3,在春季最高,夏季次之,秋季、冬季最低.PAC浓度为0.7～76.1nmol·m-3,呈现春季冬季秋季夏季的变化趋势.不同季节氨基化合物的组成不同.依据气团的后向轨迹,气溶胶样品可分为受北方陆源、南方陆源和海洋源影响,DAC和PAC在受南方陆源影响的气溶胶中浓度最高,北方陆源次之,海洋源气溶胶中最低.不同来源的气溶胶中氨基化合物的组成不同,蛋白质类氨基化合物对总氨基化合物的贡献在海洋源气溶胶中最高,在南方源气溶胶中最低.     

回顾标准发展历程探寻国际管理经验之美国篇:二氧化硫控制时间为何调整?

据武雪芳(中国环境科学研究所环境标准所所长)介绍,美国在1971年首次制定二氧化硫环境空气质量标准,并于1974年和2010年进行过2次修订.1971年首次制定的标准规定,一级标准规定了年平均和24h平均浓度限值,分别为80μg/m3和365μg/m3;二级标准规定了年平均和3h平均浓度限值,分别为60μg/m3和1300μg/m3.     

回顾标准发展历程探寻国际管理经验之美国篇:颗粒物(TSP、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)):指标缘何几经周折?

颗粒物是近年来国际修订空气质量标准的一个重要指标.据武雪芳(中国环境科学研究院环境标准研究所所长)介绍,美国在1971年首次制定颗粒物环境空气质量标准,并于1987年、1997年和2006年进行过3次修订.     

Carbonyl sulfide and dimethyl sulfide fluxes in an urban lawn and adjacent bare soil in Guangzhou, China

Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) fluxes from an urban Cynodon dactylon lawn and adjacent bare soil were measured during April–July 2005 in Guangzhou, China. Both the lawn and bare soil acted as sinks for COS and sources for DMS. The mean fluxes of COS and DMS in the lawn (–19.27 and 18.16 pmol/(m2 sec), respectively) were significantly higher than those in the bare soil (–9.89 and 9.35 pmol/(m2 sec), respectively). Fluxes of COS and DMS in mowed lawn were also higher than those in bare soils. Both COS and DMS fluxes showed diurnal variation with detectable but much lower values in the nighttime than in the daytime. COS fluxes were related significantly to temperature and the optimal temperature for COS uptake was 29°C. While positive linear correlations were found between DMS fluxes and temperature. COS fluxes increased linearly with ambient COS mixing ratios, and had a compensation point of 336 ppt.