Preparation and coagulation efficiency of polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride composite coagulant from wastewater of high-purity graphite production

The aim of the present work was to produce a polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride (PAFSiC) coagulant from acidic and alkaline wastewater of purifying graphite by roasting, and subsequently to evaluate coagulation efficiency of the reagent by treating surface water from the Yellow River as well as municipal wastewater in comparison with the conventional coagulant polyaluminium chloride (PAC). The PAFSiC coagulant was prepared by co-polymerization. The effects of (Al+Fe)/Si molar ratio, OH/(Al+Fe) molar ratio (i.e., value), coagulant dosage and pH value of test suspension on the coagulation behavior of FAFSiC and the stability of the PAFSiC were also examined. Results showed that PAFSiC performed more efficiently than PAC in removing turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphate (TP). The PAFSiC with a value of 2.0 and (Al+Fe)/Si ratio of 5 (PAFSiC 2.0/5) showed excellent coagulation effect for both turbidity and COD, while PAFSiC 1.0/5 was the best for TP. The optimum coagulation pH range of PAFSiC 2.0/5 was 5.0–9.0, slightly wider than that of PAC (6.0–8.0). The process can be easily incorporated into high-purity graphite production plants, thereby reducing wastewater pollution and producing a valuable coagulant.     

神奇的哈尼稻田

云南红河州是哈尼梯田的"故乡",也是梯田文化重要的发源地之一。哈尼梯田是以哈尼族为主的红河州各族人民倾注了数十代的智慧与心力,历经1300多年开垦而成的生态农业奇观,它不仅是一幅气势恢宏的农耕山水画卷,更是世界农耕文明的典范和宝贵遗产。在2010年百年不遇的大旱面前,哈尼梯田依然保持了青山绿     

EDTA对Pb、Cd及Pb-Cd处理下茼蒿中叶绿素的影响

通过盆栽模拟试验研究了Pb、Cd及Pb-Cd复合污染土壤添加EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)对茼蒿中叶绿素的影响.结果表明,高浓度的EDTA对茼蒿中叶绿素的含量影响大,致使叶绿素结构破坏、叶片失绿,甚至叶片全部枯萎.在Pb处理的土壤中,EDTA的添加水平为2.5 mmol/kg时,茼蒿中叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b的含量比...     

La-Co-Fe-Cu/HZSM-5在尾气碳颗粒燃烧中的催化性能

采用柠檬酸络合低温浸渍法制备分子筛负载钙钛矿型复合氧化物催化剂。采用XRD、SEM和H2-TPR等手段对催化剂性能进行表征,并在微型固定床反应器中对催化剂进行活性评价。结果表明,在钙钛矿型复合氧化物中进行B位离子掺杂,可以改善催化活性,碳颗粒燃烧温度降低。在20%LaCoO3/HZSM-5催化剂中用铁离子部分取代钴离子可以改善碳颗粒的燃烧性能,取代量增加碳颗粒燃烧温度降低,但是生成CO2的选择性也降低,以20%LaCo0.2Fe0.8O3/HZSM-5为催化剂,Tig、Tm和Tf分别为256℃、399℃和403℃,但生成CO2的选择性只有72.5%。在20%LaCo1-xFexO3/HZSM-5中的钙钛矿型复合氧化物B位离子中加入铜离子后,在碳颗粒燃烧反应中生成CO2的选择性得到明显改善,Sco2提高10个单位以上。以20%LaCo0.2Fe0.6Cu0.2O3/HZSM-5为催化剂,在碳颗粒燃烧反应中生成CO2的选择性可以达到94.7%,Tig、Tm和Tf分别为242℃、427℃和445℃。     

藻毒素复合污染对鱼体的免疫毒性研究

针对水体富营养化问题,通过单一暴露和联合暴露方式研究两种MCs四种暴露剂量（0．1,1,10,100μg／L）下对鱼体的免疫毒效应。结果发现,不同剂量MCLR和MCRR单一暴露都能使鲫鱼淋巴细胞发生死亡,呈现明显的剂量效应和时间效应关系。且MCLR对鱼体的毒性相对McRR要更显著;MCLR和McRR复合暴露对鱼体淋巴细胞的毒性效应表现为协同作用,且随着毒素浓度的增加,其毒性效应差异显著性也随之升高,故而鱼体的免疫系统造成重大的影响,因此应当加强控制藻毒素在水体中的复合污染。     

PAS-PDMDAAC复合混凝剂研究

以Al2（SO）4和PDMDAAC为原料进行了无机-有机复合絮凝剂的复合实验研制,确定其制备工艺条件,并对油田现场采集的钻井废水作絮凝沉降实验,所研制的PAS-PDMDAAC复合絮凝剂对COD的去除效率可大大提高.     

Ultrasonic preparation of nano-nickel/activated carbon composite using spent electroless nickel plating bath and application in degradation of 2,6-dichlorophenol

Ni was effectively recovered from spent electroless nickel （EN） plating baths by forming a nano-nickel coated activated carbon composite. With the aid of ultrasonication, melamine- formaldehyde-tetraoxalyl-ethylenediamine chelating resins were grafted on activated carbon （MFT/AG）. PdC12 sol was adsorbed on MFT/AC, which was then immersed in spent electroless nickel plating bath; then nano-nickel could be reduced by ascorbic acid to form a nano-nickel coating on the activated carbon composite （Ni/AC） in situ. The materials present were carefully examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electro- chemistry techniques. The resins were well distributed on the inside and outside surfaces of activated carbon with a size of 120 ± 30 nm in MFT/AC, and a great deal of nano-nickel particles were evenly deposited with a size of 3.8 ± 1.1 nm in Ni/MFT. Moreover, Ni/AC was successfully used as a catalyst for ultrasonic degradation of 2.6-dichloronhenol.     

铁锰复合氧化物吸附活性黑染料的性能研究

采用高锰酸钾和硫酸亚铁反应制备铁锰复合氧化物,考察其吸附活性黑染料过程中的影响因素,并比较原位生成的和提前制备的铁锰复合氧化物的吸附性能。结果表明:铁锰复合氧化物对活性黑有较强的吸附能力,吸附过滤之后的去除率较高;染料废水中的硫酸根离子会降低去除率,而氯离子则无明显影响;染料废水的pH值对去除效果的影响较小;原位生成的铁锰复合氧化物的吸附容量大于预制的铁锰复合氧化物固体。通过傅里叶—红外光谱(FTIR)表征分析,推测出铁锰复合氧化物中丰富的表面羟基(Mn-OH、FeOOH官能团等)在吸附过程中起到了重要作用。     

凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶吸附水体中TPH吸附特性

以水体中总石油烃(total petroleum hydrocarbons,TPH)为目标污染物,采用凹凸棒石复合二氧化硅气凝胶进行净化石油类污染水体研究,主要考察复合气凝胶使用量及环境要素对去除水体中TPH的影响。研究结果表明:凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶与污染水体的质量比为1:60,对TPH的去除率随温度的升高而降低,受pH变化影响较小;当NaCl浓度在0~100 g/L,MgCl2浓度在0~2.5 g/L时,复合气凝胶对水体中TPH的去除率几乎不受盐度的影响;Fe3+、Mn2+、NH4+、NO3-均能促进复合气凝胶对TPH的去除,但受其浓度变化影响较小,同时,凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶对上述离子也有微弱的去除作用。研究成果为凹凸棒石复合气凝胶在实际石油类污染水体中的应用提供了科学可靠的数据支撑。     

A-LBG凝胶珠对碱性品红的吸附特性研究

以刺槐豆胶(LDG)、海藻酸钠(A)为材料制备复合凝胶珠,探讨反应时间、碱性品红浓度、温度及pH对复合凝胶珠吸附碱性品红的影响。结果表明,复合凝胶珠对碱性品红的吸附在180 min后达到平衡,pH=8为最佳吸附pH,同等条件下,复合凝胶珠对碱性品红的吸附优于活性炭,其对碱性品红的吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附等温方程和颗粒内扩散方程。