吸附菌HX5对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附脱色作用

研究了吸附菌HX5对活性艳蓝KNR的吸附脱色作用,碳源、氮源、盐度和染料浓度对KNR吸附脱色的影响,以及HX5生长菌体对KNR的脱色机理.结果表明,菌株HX5对KNR脱色的最佳碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖和硫酸铵;碳源浓度在10g/L以上时,可使200mg/L的KNR完全脱色,碳源浓度过高,脱色效果不显著;HX5对KNR脱色的最佳氮源浓度为0.75g/L,在0～2%的浓度范围内,盐度对脱色无显著影响;染料对菌株HX5具有一定的生长抑制毒性,但对于400mg/L的KNR,脱色率仍可达95.1%;HX5生长菌体对KNR作用96h内主要为生物吸附作用,96h外则可能发生了生物降解.图5表2参9     

HCO3-对铜绿微囊藻、四尾栅藻和小环藻增长特性及竞争行为的影响

HCO3-为湖泊水体中藻类重要的无机碳源,其含量多少的变化对藻类优势种的形成起到重要作用。文章采用含HCO3-培养基HAC与无HCO3-培养基HA对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus Quadricauda)和小环藻(Cyclotellasp.)进行纯培养和共培养竞争实验,考察HCO3-对藻类优势种形成的影响。利用logistic种群增长模型拟合纯培养三藻的生长曲线,并求出最大增长速率r以及Lotka-Volterra竞争模型求出各自竞争参数。铜绿微囊藻与四尾栅藻在HAC中纯培养和共培养的生物量K和最大增长速率r均远大于在HA中,表明这两种藻的增殖需要HCO3-作为碳源平衡胞内营养平衡;小环藻不能在有HCO3-的培养基中生存。在HAC中,铜绿微囊藻与四尾栅藻的平均抑制作用相当,实现共存。铜绿微囊藻在无HCO3-环境中对营养资源更具竞争力,其对四尾栅藻的平均抑制作用是相反抑制的1.6倍,对小环藻的抑制是相反抑制的61倍;四尾栅藻在无HCO3-环境中竞争力弱于铜绿微囊藻强于小环藻,其对小环藻的抑制是相反抑制的10倍;小环藻在HA竞争试验中被淘汰。     

Degradation of Benzo[a]Pyrene in Soil with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Alfalfa

Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was grown in pots containing soil artificially contaminated with various levels of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)(0, 1, 10 and 100 mg kg^–1). Soil and plants were sampled after 30, 40, 50, 60 and 90 days and compared with unlanted pots. The percentage of mycorrhizal root length colonized by Glomus caledoniun was not significantly affected by the addition of B[a]P up to 10 mg kg^–1 but was significantly lower at 100 mg kg^–1B[a]P compared with low concentrations (p < 0.05). There was no difference in soil polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase activity among the controls and applications of 1 and 10 mg kg^–1 of B[a]P. However, enzyme activities were significantly higher at 100 mg kg^–1B[a]P compared with the other three treatments, and there was no mycorrhizal effect. Over a period of 90 days the concentration of B[a]P in soil in which alfalfa was grown was significantly lower than in unplanted soil (p < 0.05). Degradation rates of B[a]P added at 1, 10 and 100 mg kg^–1 without G. caledonium were 76, 78 and 53%, and with mycorrhizal inoculation were 86, 87 and 57%. The degradation rate in unplanted soil was significantly lower than in planted soil, and was significantly higher in medium- and low-B[a]P treatments than in the high B[a]P concentration tested. There is a possibility of enhancement phytoremediation of PAHs in rhizosphere soil with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.     

13株真菌对聚β-羟基丁酸酯膜的降解特性

从不同来源的活性污泥中分离筛选出13株可降解聚β—羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的真菌，分别编号为DS9701、DS9702、DS9703、DS9704、DS9705、DS9706、DS9707、DS9708、DS9709、DS9710、DS9711、DS9712、DS9713．对DS97系列真菌降解PHB膜的特性进行了研究．结果表明，各菌株平均降解PHB膜速率之间的差异均达到极显著水平；13个菌株对PHB膜的降解可分为四种类型，即缓慢降解—快速降解—缓慢降解；缓慢降解—快速降解；缓慢降解—等速降解；缓慢降解—中速降解—快速降解。     

17O-NMR研究Al(Ⅲ),Fe(Ⅲ)盐对水缔合的影响

测试了AlCl3,Al2(SO4)3,FeCl3,Fe2(SO4)3等对水的^17O-NMR化学位移和半峰宽的影响。并利用水^17O-NMR化学位移和半峰宽的变化与氢键的关系，分析了AlCl3,Al2(SO4)3。FeCl3,Fe2(SO4)3等对水缔合的影响，研究表明，AlCl3,Al2(SO4)3。FeCl3,Fe2(SO4)3等对水缔合有促进作用。且Fe^3 对水缔合的作用大于Al^3 。     

硝酸根对罗丹明B光解的敏化作用

研究了紫外光照射下，KNO3对罗丹明B光解的敏化作用．结果表明，KNO3的加入可以显著提高罗丹明B的光降解率，反应液的酸度愈强愈有利于反应的进行，KNO3不仅对罗丹明B的降解有敏化作用，而且还能够直接提供氧化罗丹明B所需要的氧。     

叠氮化钠对亚硝酸根分解能力的探讨

分析了采用叠氮化钠修正法测定水中溶解氧时，对水中亚硝酸根含量与叠氮化钠加入量的关系。     

米氏凯伦藻在三种无机氮源的生长情况

米氏凯伦藻引发的赤潮危害鱼类和无脊椎动物,给养殖业带来严重的经济损失,研究其营养生理生态,对掌握该藻形成赤潮的规律有着重要的意义。采用一次培养的实验方法研究了米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi Hansen)在三种无机氮源不同氮磷浓度比(cN/cP)下的生长情况。结果表明:在分别以氯化铵、硝酸钠和亚硝酸钠为氮源时,米氏凯伦藻生长的最适cN/cP比分别为32、32和100。米氏凯伦藻对氯化铵的利用效率相对低于硝酸钠和亚硝酸钠,以氯化铵为氮源该藻生长缓慢,细胞密度低;而分别以硝酸钠和亚硝酸钠为氮源时该藻生长情况较好,可较长时间维持高的细胞密度。     

How <Emphasis Type="Italic">Doratomyces stemonitis</Emphasis> copes with Benzoxazolin-2(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-one (BOA), its derivatives and detoxification products

Summary. Doratomyces stemonitis (Hyphomycetales, Dematiaceae) is a saprotrophic fungus belonging to the mycobiota of the cereal rhizosphere. The fungus is able to metabolize benzoxazolin-2-(3H)-one and a variety of its derivatives including higher plant detoxification products, microbial degradation products and the chemically rather stable 2-amino-(3H)-phenoxazin-3-one. D. stemonitis can use all of these compounds as sole C-sources but their utilization, especially that of microbial degradation products and 2-amino-(3H)-phenoxazin-3-one, seems to be highly energy consuming, resulting in slow mycelium growth and a change of colony morphology. Benzoxazolin-2-(3H)-one derived compounds induce the synthesis of different isoforms of a glycosylated protein with sequence homologies to the endo-1,3-β-glucanase Asp f2, an allergen from Aspergillus fumigatus and other Asp f2-like proteins e.g., from Verticillium dahliae or PRA1 antigen from Candida albicans. The induction of the protein is regarded as a stress response.     

金属氧化物MoO3(WO3)和V2O5对烟气脱硝催化性能试验

以纳米级锐钛型TiO2为载体,负载V2O5和WO3(或MoO3)制备催化剂,研究不同催化剂组分对NO和NO2脱除率以及N2O生成量的影响.结果表明,V2O5的加入使得MoO3(WO3)/TiO2催化剂的活性和选择性得到了改善.MoO3(WO3)的加入主要是改善了催化剂表面的活性位数量,从而使得V2O5/TiO2基催化剂表现出更高的活性.