现场快速测定甲醛的监测分析方法

文章介绍了GDYQ-201M室内空气现场甲醛·氨测定仪法测定空气中甲醛的方法,并与空气质量中甲醛的测定乙酰丙酮分光光度法（GB／T15516—1995）比较。对准确度,精密度等都进行了详细地实验,得出满意的结果。结果表明,在0．00—5．00mg／m^3范围内,用GDYQ-201M室内空气现场甲醛·氨测定仪法测定甲醛完全可以满足室内空气样品中甲醛的测定。     

直接测量法测试温度稳定性研究

阐述了温度试验中温度稳定的重要性。通过对测试方案、测试设备、测试过程及结果的分析,对如何应用直接测量法测试试验样品非工作状态下温度稳定进行了探索和研究。根据测试结果分析了影响试验样品温度稳定的因素,并指出了直接测量法的优越性。     

水中总氰化物含量测量不确定度的评定

采用异烟酸-吡唑啉酮分光光度法对水中总氰化物进行不确定度评定。充分考虑测量重复性、标准溶液的配制、标准曲线的制备等因素对测量的影响,测得总氰化物的相对合成标准不确定度为1．75×10^-2。     

一种土壤氡浓度测量方法的改进

通过对CDI-2000土壤测氡仪的排气方式和测量周期的分析,建立了新的测量方法。既充分利用了CDI-2000自动换片、自动抽气的优点,又在不影响测量精度的情况下提高了工作效率,节约了工作成本。     

潮滩沉积物重金属污染的色度反演方法初探

为了探求快速评估土壤重金属污染的方法,以崇明岛东滩低、中、高潮滩沉积物为研究对象,用色度仪测量其色度参数(明度L*、红度a*、黄度b*),并对照化学分析数据,初步探讨了潮滩沉积物的色度特征与重金属元素(Cu、Cr、 Pb、Zn、Mn、Fe )含量之间的相关关系.同时,运用回归分析分别建立了重金属元素含量与色度参数（明度L*、红度a*、黄度b*）之间的定量关系模型,并对模型进行验证.结果表明,在崇明岛低、中、高潮滩的沉积物中,Cu、Pb、Zn与L*之间负相关,相关系数最高可达rCu=-0.97、 rPb= -0.88、 rZn=-0.98;Cu、Pb、Zn与a*之间正相关;而Cr与a*之间负相关.在河口水体中重金属含量稳定的条件下,色度信息可以定量地反演潮滩沉积物重金属元素的含量,为大范围的潮滩重金属污染研究提供了一项实用有效的辅助手段.     

陶瓷材料放射性衰变时间及最佳平衡周期研究

简述了有关放射性样品衰变平衡及平衡时间的基本理论,运用碘化钠γ谱仪对衰变时间介于0～27 d区间内的三组陶瓷样品进行放射性比活度测定,采取t检验法分析了同一样品在0d～7d、7d～12d、15 d、21 d等不同衰变时间条件下,放射性核素226Ra、232Th、40K比活度测试结果之间的差异程度,通过实验验证陶瓷样品衰变时间对其放射性测定结果准确性的影响.研究表明,当每组检测结果数据的显著性差异水平为5％,若兼顾科学性和经济性,则陶瓷样品的最佳放射性衰变时间应为至少21 d.     

Power,responsibility and justice: a review of local stakeholder participation in European flood risk management

Over the past few decades, there has been an increasing interest in the active involvement of local stakeholders in the management of floods in Europe. Such involvement is seen as necessary as the management of floods becomes more complex. Management approaches now seek to include a range of potential measures to reduce risk (e.g. structural defence, spatial planning and property-level protection measures). Local stakeholder involvement is seen to be important because governments lack the capacities such as knowledge and funding required to deliver all these measures alone. This paper focuses on the implications that more participative approaches have on the fairness of European flood risk management (FRM). Studies of environmental justice are well placed to address this question because they are interested in who is included and excluded from decisions related to the distribution of environmental goods (resources) and bads (risks). Existing literature suggests that fair decision-making processes (procedural justice) can lead to fair distribution or resources and risks (distributive justice). This literature review of 30 peer-reviewed papers provides an analysis of justice and FRM by assessing practices of participation which are presented in the recent literature on local stakeholder involvement in FRM in England, Germany and the Netherlands. It was found that participation in practice generally focuses on transferring responsibility to the local level at the expense of power. This paper discusses the implications that this finding has for justice and synthesises potential ways forward based on recommendations of the reviewed literature.     

Community reactions to tourism development: how does governmental fairness work?

Based on the elements of social exchange and organizational justice theories, a conceptual model and associated hypotheses were formulated to examine the relationship among community residents and their perceptions of governmental fairness (i.e., distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational dimensions), social capital (i.e., cognitive and structural dimensions), and support for government and environmental development. Data were collected from 496 residents in four Korean cities: Busan, Gyeongju, Pohang, and Ulsan. Empirical testing resulted in support for multiple hypotheses. More specifically, cognitive social capital was significantly influenced by distributive, interpersonal, and informational fairness. Structural social capital was significantly affected by distributive and informational fairness. Subsequently, two dimensions of social capital positively influenced two types of support. Overall, the results suggest that the interplay of governmental fairness and social capital is important in influencing residents’ support for government and environmental development.     

丛式并井眼交碰风险因素分析及安全技术对策

分析了丛式井井眼交碰的影响因素,从设计和施工两个方面提出了具体的技术措施,提出了以余隙系数(K)作为设计和施工的准则,以Btotal数值作为判断井眼是否接近的准则,经过实际应用,验证了以上技术措施的可靠性。     

干湿球法测量烟气湿度的准确性探讨

通过选择典型的温湿度污染源,利用干湿球法在不同湿球水套环境条件下对污染源烟气湿度进行现场比对测试,监测结果分析表明,干湿球法测定污染源烟气湿度在湿球水套温度改变的情况下,测量结果会随着外环境温度升高而变大,两者之间呈正相关关系。