Fault diagnosis of pipeline and pump unit systems using status coupling analysis

Earlier studies on fault diagnosis of the pipeline and pump unit systems (PPU) relied mainly on independent equipment analyses, which usually lead to false alarms because of the loss of information fusion. The aim of this study is to utilize the status coupling relationship to improve fault detection sensitivity and reduce false alarm rate. A real-time status identification of related equipment step is added between capturing abnormal signals and listing out diagnosis results. For example, when the pipeline pressure fluctuation is found abnormal, a status analysis of pump units is performed immediately, if the pump units are proven to be operational normally, then the pipeline leak alarm is acknowledged valid. The logical reasoning algorithm is used to capture abnormal conditions of pipeline pressures. The pump unit faults are captured by combining information from multiple sources. Field applications show that the proposed method significantly improves the PPU fault detection capability on fault detection sensitive and accuracy.     

特大工程建设项目引入职业健康安全管理体系的研究与应用

探讨以工程建设项目为对象,将各参建单位作为相关方来建立职业健康安全管理体系(简称OHSMS),按照体系的要求对建设项目实施系统化管理。在泰州大桥建设项目的实践表明,通过推行OHSMS,使各参建单位明确其管理职责及运行机制,确定各参建方的信息沟通和管理控制程序,可以实现工程建设项目系统化、程序化和文件化的职业健康安全管理。将建设项目各参建方的安全工作纳入系统化、科学化管理,对提高工程项目安全管理水平具有重要作用。     

Parallel agent-based modeling of spatial opinion diffusion accelerated using graphics processing units

In this article, we describe a parallel agent-based model of spatial opinion diffusion that is driven by graphics processing units (GPUs). Modeling opinion exchange and diffusion across landscapes often involves the simulation of large numbers of geographically located individual decision-makers and a massive number of individual-level interactions. This simulation requires substantial computational power. GPU-enabled computing resources provide a massively parallel processing platform based on a fine-grained shared memory paradigm. This massively parallel processing platform holds considerable promise for meeting the computing requirement of agent-based models of spatial problems. In this article, we focus on the parallelization of an agent-based spatial opinion model using GPU technologies. We discussed key algorithms designed for parallel agent-based opinion modeling: including domain decomposition and mutual exclusion. Experiments conducted to examine computing performance show that GPUs provide a computationally efficient alternative to traditional parallel computing architectures and substantially accelerate agent-based models of large-scale opinion exchange among individual decision makers.     

Hydrogen explosion incident mitigation in steam reforming units through enhanced inspection and forecasting corrosion tools implementation

Hydrogen (H₂) explosion effects recently examined, are confirming the devastating loss scenarios to humans, environment, assets, and associated business interruption. H₂ production is a core process in refineries used in further process steps. Steam reforming of natural gas or a mix with naphtha or LPG is a common hydrogen production technique, where the latest technologies have adopted enhanced metallurgies to minimize explosion risk and the associated maintenance cost following plant degradation owing to corrosion effects. However, corrosion rates are still high in specific areas of piping and process equipment. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology based on semi-quantitative RBI modeling according to regulations by API and recent EN standards, adopting a family of linear regression forecasting models that depict the yearly corrosion rate (per corrosion loop) of a hydrogen production steam reforming unit; this is done under different operating conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure, and fluid speed), metallurgy and other related physicochemical variables. The model is based on the examination of both ultrasonic wall thinning measurements and the examination of quantitative crosslinking total corrosion effects along with the physicochemical properties prevailing in different plant corrosion loops. The outcome of the regression analysis is an expansive family of multivariable equations describing, with a defined accuracy, the yearly corrosion rate and associated lifespan forecast per corrosion loop, and per examined part. These equations were further utilized in a custom-made database that can be used as an additional loss prevention tool by the hydrogen production unit management team. Evaluation results regarding the tool efficiency are presented in the following of this paper.     

简论废气氮氧化物(NO_X)浓度单位PPm与mg/m~3的换算系数关系

空气中污染物浓度的表示方法有两种,体积浓度表示法(ppm)与质量浓度表示法(mg/m3)。氮氧化物不是单一的化合物,存在多种化合物。因此目前对氮氧化物(NOX)单位换算不清,造成浓度结果计算错误。本文对这一问题作一简介。     

城市水环境控制单元污染物入河量估算方法

在资料不全且无法进行试验的地区,为了估算污染物进入目标水体的负荷,需要充分利用易获得的数据.使用污染源普查数据和土地利用数据,同时考虑距离对污染物入河过程的影响,来估算水环境控制单元内的污染物入河量.大辽河水环境控制单元营口段是以城区污染为主的城市水环境控制单元,以大辽河水环境控制单元营口段为例估算控制单元内污染物入河量,并进行分析.结果表明使用污染源普查数据和土地利用数据,在根据距离考虑入河系数的情况下能够较准确的估算出污染物入河量,可以为后期进行水环境容量核定工作提供基础数据,同时为城市规划管理者提供制定减排政策的依据.     

黄河流域甘肃段面源污染估算与空间分析

采用遥感分布式面源污染评估模型（DPeRS）,对2018年黄河流域(甘肃段)面源污染空间分布特征进行分析,具体包括多类型污染量产排特征解析和流域优先管控单元识别。结果表明,污染量上,2018年黄河流域（甘肃段）总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH₃^-N)、化学需氧量(COD_Cr)的面源污染排放负荷分别为65.6,11.8,19.1和77.2 kg/km²,入河量分别为836.7,33.3,220.2和1 353.3 t;空间分布上,氮型(TN和NH₃^-N)排放负荷高值区主要分布在流域中部和东部局部地区,流域大部分地区TP排放负荷均较高,COD_Cr面源污染排放负荷高值区分布较为零散。与排放负荷相比,黄河流域（甘肃段）面源污染入河负荷并不突出,这与该地区水资源量少有密切关系。筛选出黄河流域（甘肃段）面源污染优先控制单元15个,面积占比为85.2%,I类优控单元主要分布在庆阳市、天水市、兰州市和白银市等地区,II类优控单元主要分布在甘南藏族自治州,且TN、TP、NH₃^-N和COD_Cr面源污染优控单元识别结果的平均精度达到80%。     

炼油装置腐蚀适应性评价

介绍了湛江东兴石油企业有限公司开展的装置腐蚀适应性评价情况.根据相关数据及McConomy曲线、API581标准、ASME推荐的方法等和实际腐蚀速率、最小承压壁厚,并将设备管道的实际用材与中国石油化工股份有限公司《加工高含硫原油部分装置在用设备及管道选材指导意见》和设计选材导则进行对比,结合工艺防腐现场情况和专家经验,对炼油装置加工劣质原料进行适应性安全评价,对于存在以及可能存在安全隐患的部位,给出可操作的解决方案.     

200MW等级机组整体优化改造的节能减排效益浅析

文章针对当前某能源公司所属的11台200 MW等级发电机组供电标准煤耗率偏高的现状进行了简要说明,并与省内同类型机组供电标准煤耗率的最优质进行了对比,对导致该能源公司200 MW等级机组供电标准煤耗率偏高的主要问题做了分析;结合以往的改造经验,对机组经济性指标偏差的影响因素进行了总结;列举该能源公司所属某电厂的#2机组整体优化改造项目作为改造实例,说明整体优化改造项目不仅具有良好的经济效益,还具有节能和环保的社会效益,使发电企业"十二五"期间的节能减排目标得到进一步的保证,更会对企业的可持续发展产生积极影响和促进作用。     

移动通信基站单元/模块级产品的环境与电磁兼容测试

本文从测试需求,测试方法,测试原理等方面介绍移动通信基站单元/模块级产品的环境与电磁兼容测试,包括上电冷启动测试,温度骤降测试,机械振动测试,接地阻抗测试和射频隔离度测试等.