危险固体废物焚烧残渣的稳定化处理研究

采用常规危险固体废物稳定剂Na3 PO4、Na2S、腐殖酸以及工业固体废物电石渣对台州典型危险固体废物焚烧残渣进行稳定化处理.以残渣中污染最严重的重金属Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn的去除率为衡量指标,进行稳定化时间优化试验.结果表明,Na3 PO4、电石渣可在7d后达到较好的稳定化效果,且随着时间的延长效果稳定；而Na2S和...     

Cardiovascular Strain of Sawmill Workers in South-Western Nigeria

This study aimed to assess cardiovascular strain during sawmilling operations in terms of physical workload, based on heart rate changes. We measured resting and working heart rates and calculated cardiovascular load (%CVL), cardiovascular strain (%CVS) and relative heart rate (%RHR) in 35 sawmill workers. Based on heart rate only, the work in sawmills was classified as very heavy and extremely heavy. Similarly, a high-level category was recorded for %CVL and a very high range for %CVS. Thus, the workload in sawmill operations is usually very high and can lead to physiological strain of the workers. There is a need to redesign the work content of this occupation to prevent excessive strain in the workers, as this will increase their productivity and reduce their health risk.     

Comparison Between the Strain Indicator HRV of a Head-Based Virtual Retinal Display and LC-Head Mounted Displays for Augmented Reality

Augmented Reality uses Head Mounted Displays (HMD) to overlay the real word with additional virtual information. Virtual Retinal Displays (VRD), a new display technology, no longer requires Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). VRD technology addresses the retina directly with a single laser stream of pixels. There are no studies on the user’s informational strain in this new VRD technology. Various papers have shown that Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a valid indicator for the user’s informational strain. An empirical test revealed no difference in the user’s HRV between VRD technology and LCD technology. Consequently, there seems to be a comparable user informational strain regarding the display types.     

Effect of Subjective and Objective Workload on Asthenopia at VDU Workplaces

An ergophthalmological tool has been developed to investigate effects of subjective and objective workload on work-related visual complaints (asthenopia). In field studies on different visual display unit (VDU) workplaces effects of objective and subjective workload, work intensity, and work breaks (5-9 min/hour) could be found. It could be shown that during the first hours of VDU work, asthenopic complaints have the tendency to follow effective workload. With increasing working time the effect of a general and visual fatigue overlaps other reported visual complaints in the majority of cases.     

机场不停航施工安全监管策略博弈分析

为了有效提高机场不停航施工的安全监管效果,减少施工人员不安全行为,结合机场不停航施工特点,充分考虑安全监管和施工人员的有限理性及心理作用,基于前景理论和心理账户理论对传统博弈价值感知矩阵进行优化,进而构建安全监管演化博弈模型并对关键因素的影响情况进行模拟仿真研究。研究结果表明:决策群体初始安全能力、低估安全事故损失、安全监管和施工成本等因素对安全施工和监管行为策略选择的影响显著。机场管理部门和施工单位可以从提高工作人员安全能力,加强安全知识宣讲、警示教育、心理疏导,努力降低监管和施工成本等方面入手,进一步完善机场不停航施工安全管理和相应监管制度,充分引导施工和监管人员从事安全生产,遵守安全管理规定。     

In-vehicle workload assessment: effects of traffic situations and cellular telephone use

PROBLEM: Assessment of drivers' on-road workload is an important traffic safety consideration. This study was conducted to examine the effects of cellular phone communication on driving performance, with particular emphasis on variations in task demand in different traffic situations. METHOD: Twelve participants were asked to drive on urban roads and motorways with or without concomitant mathematical-addition tests relayed via cellular phone. Measurements included task and driving performance, physiological responses, and compensatory behavior. RESULTS: Analysis of task performance revealed that mean response time was markedly increased (11.9%) for driving on urban roads compared to motorways. The mean driving speed only decreased 5.8% in the presence of phone tasks in comparison to normal driving without distractions. In addition, overall physiological workload increased through compensatory behavior in response to the phone tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Driving with phone use in different traffic environments induced measurable variations in driver workload. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: When faced with heavy traffic, a greater safety margin is typically adopted, with more lowered driving speed and restricted phone use, and it can be assumed that there is a general trade-off between tasks to preserve driving safety.     

民航从业者工作负荷研究

回顾民航业特殊行业中从业者(飞行员、管制员和机务维修人员)特定的工作负荷及其测量方法,工作负荷引起压力的心理机制,以及过高的工作负荷可能对从业者生理反应和身体健康造成的负面影响,并提出了改善从业者过高工作负荷的措施和方法。与此同时,指出应该进一步研究民航从业者的工作负荷与某些组织变量(如人误、离职意向、工作满意感)的关系,这不仅可以帮助保障飞行安全、提高从业者的工作满意度,而且具有理论意义。     

江阴市河流底栖动物中重金属含量及评价研究

根据2010年10月对江阴市7条主要内河及长江江阴段的调查数据,分析了江阴市主要河流水体、表层沉积物及底栖动物对重金属的富集情况.结果表明,江阴市主要河流水体中的重金属含量都好于地表水Ⅲ类水标准;表层沉积物重金属含量也较低;根据底栖动物体内重金属含量、生物浓缩因子BCF和生物-沉积物富集因子BSAF,底栖动物对重金属有较强的富集能力,尤其是分布较广的水丝蚓,指示了张家港河、应天河沉积物中重金属污染较为严重.     

1株分离自煤矿废水的铁硫氧化细菌LY01的鉴定及其氧化特性研究

从贵州省某煤矿废水中分离出1株嗜酸性的铁硫氧化细菌菌株LY01,经过对该菌株的形态特征、理化特征检测及16S rRNA序列分析,初步鉴定菌株LY01为嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans).在无机盐培养液中菌株LY01可以从氧化Fe2+、单质硫(S0)及黄铁矿(FeS2)获得能量生长,对Fe2+的氧化速率最快,反应30 h即可将44.2 g.L-1的FeSO4.7H2O完全氧化,菌体细胞达到4.2×107个.mL-1;反应21 d可将溶液中10 g.L-1含量的S0氧化6.7%,溶液中SO24-浓度达2 001 mg.L-1,菌体细胞达到8.9×107个.mL-1;反应20 d可将溶液中30 g.L-1含量的FeS2氧化10%,溶液中SO24-浓度达4 443 mg.L-1,菌体细胞达到3.4×108个.mL-1.研究重金属离子Ni2+、Pb2+对菌株LY01氧化FeS2活性的影响,结果发现10～100 mg.L-1的Ni2+对菌株LY01氧化FeS2活性有一定的影响,而10～100 mg.L-1Pb2+对菌株LY01氧化FeS2的活性无影响.     

“互联网+”背景下员工心理健康风险分析及应对策略

从生产信息化技术应用、“信息爆炸”影响、“大众传媒”环境3个方面,系统分析了“互联网+”时代背景下工作、生活和舆论环境的剧烈变化对员工心理健康产生的负面影响;并从强化党建思想文化引领、加强精准化培训工作和引入员工援助计划3个方面,提出了针对性的应对措施。