环境中“新型”持久性有机污染物的质谱分析

“新型”持久性有机污染物逐渐受到环境科研工作者的重视,这类物质包括溴代阻燃剂、全氟化合物、多氯萘、多氯代正构烷烃和药物以及个人护理用品等,综述了目前对这类环境污染物的检测分析技术。     

新装修居室空气中甲醛浓度分析

目的 探讨装修后居室室内空气中甲醛浓度随时间的变化规律。方法 于2004年3-8月选择装修材料不同的2套新装修住宅，采用盐酸副玫瑰苯胺比色法，跟踪分析呼和浩特市2套居民新装修房屋室内空气甲醛含量。结果 铺复合木地板的A房空气中甲醛浓度比铺耐磨砖地板的B房空气中甲醛浓度约高17％；从装修完毕起，至少要经过6个月，室内空气中甲醛浓度才基本降至符合国家标准的水平；在连续监测过程中也发现，若室温升高，室内空气中甲醛浓度也会略有上升。结论 复合木地板释放的甲醛不容忽视；装修后6个月，室内空气中甲醛浓度才能降到容许范围。     

用硫铁矿烧渣制备的硫酸亚铁研制软磁用α-Fe_2O_3

介绍了利用硫铁矿烧渣制备的硫酸亚铁为原料制备高纯软磁用α Fe2 O3的基本原理、制备工艺 ,以及对工艺过程的影响因素进行了探讨 ,得到了制备高纯软磁用α Fe2 O3的适合条件 ,并对高纯软磁用α Fe2 O3的工业化生产做了经济估算     

安庆市生态村建设成效研究

研究了生态村建设对自然资源的永续利用及生态环境、社会经济可持续发展的良性作用。从生态效益、环境效益、经济效益三个方面讨论其实际成效。     

钢板酸洗液回收Fe2O3粉制取高档永磁铁氧体预烧料的研究

以钢板酸洗废酸液回收的Fe2O3粉为主要原料，制备了永磁铁氧体预烧料及器件。研究了工艺制度如预烧温度、保温时间、摩尔比对预烧料磁学性能的影响等。制取的永磁铁氧体材料的磁性能达到Br=420mT，Hcb=215KA／m，（BH）max=32．4KJ／m^3。     

Effects of protected areas on survival of threatened gibbons in China

Establishing protected areas (PAs) is an essential strategy to reduce biodiversity loss. However, many PAs do not provide adequate protection due to poor funding, inadequate staffing and equipment, and ineffective management. As part of China's recent economic growth, the Chinese government has significantly increased investment in nature reserves over the past 20 years, providing a unique opportunity to evaluate whether PAs can protect threatened species effectively. We compiled data from published literature on populations of gibbons (Hylobatidae), a threatened taxon with cultural significance, that occurred in Chinese reserves after 1980. We evaluated the ability of these PAs to maintain gibbon habitat and populations by comparing forest cover and human disturbance between reserves and their surrounding areas and modeling the impact of reserve characteristics on gibbon population trends. We also assessed the perspective of reserve staff concerning PA management effectiveness through an online survey. Reserves effectively protected gibbon habitat by reducing forest loss and human disturbance; however, half the reserves lost their gibbon populations since being established. Gibbons were more likely to survive in reserves established more recently, at higher elevation, with less forest loss and lower human impact, and that have been relatively well studied. A larger initial population size in the 1980s was positively associated with gibbon persistence. Although staff of all reserves reported increased investment and improved management over the past 20–30 years, no relationship was found between management effectiveness and gibbon population trends. We suggest early and emphatic intervention is critical to stop population decline and prevent extinction.     

Effect of alcohol use on accelerating and braking behaviors of drivers

Objective: The present study examines the accelerating and braking behaviors of drivers at different blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) in heterogeneous driving conditions using driving simulator experiments.

Methods: Eighty-two licensed drivers performed simulated driving in a rural road environment designed in the driving simulator at 4 BAC levels: 0.00, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08%. Driving performance was analyzed using vehicle control variables such as mean acceleration and mean brake pedal force. Generalized linear mixed models were developed to quantify the effect of different alcohol levels and explanatory variables such as driver’s age, gender, and other factors on the driving performance indicators.

Results: Alcohol use was reported as a significant factor affecting the accelerating and braking performance of drivers. The acceleration model results indicated that drivers’ mean acceleration increased by 0.013, 0.026, and 0.027 m/s² for BAC levels of 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08%, respectively. Results of the brake pedal force model showed that drivers’ mean brake pedal force increased by 1.09, 1.32, and 1.44 N for BAC levels of 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08%, respectively. Age was a significant factor in both the models where a 1-year increase in driver age resulted in a 0.2% reduction in mean acceleration and a 19% reduction in mean brake pedal force. Driving experience could compensate for the negative effects of alcohol to some extent while driving.

Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed that drivers tend to be more aggressive and impulsive under the influence of alcohol, which deteriorates their driving performance. Impairment in accelerating and braking behaviors of drivers under the influence of alcohol leads to increased crash probabilities. The conclusions may provide reference in making countermeasures against drinking and driving and contribute to traffic safety.     

起重机两种制动器的比较与选用

介绍直流电磁铁式制动器和交流电力液压推杆式制动器各自的特点,并对它们的优缺点进行分析,提出了我厂对它们的选用情况。     

Heavy Mining Vehicle Controls and Skidding Accidents

This paper examines various control locations in heavy mining vehicles. Three trucks have been tested on a skid pad in both clockwise and anticlockwise directions. The skid lengths were measured after each trial. The primary focus of the study was the positioning of various controls and their relevance to various skid lengths. Some additional measures such as NASA-TLX scales were also used to make subjective evaluations. The results are presented in this paper. The findings clearly indicate the relevance of control locations to actual skid lengths. The poorly located controls resulted in greater skid lengths. This is an important finding as skid lengths are related to greater reaction times in a skidding situation and hence greater risk of accidents on relevant trucks. Such accidents can incur large repair bills for damaged equipment whereas more importantly, jeopardizing the life and safety of heavy mining vehicle drivers.     

隔爆低频永磁同步电动机矢量控制方式研究

为了解决隔爆低频（TBD）型永磁同步电动机（PMSM）中如何利用精确的转子位置和速度信号去实现磁场定向的问题,分析了永磁同步电动机的矢量控制理论,讨论了无传感器矢量控制方案,提出了基于空间电压矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）技术的矢量控制方案,采用TMS320LF2812为核心处理器进行矢量控制系统的硬件设计,采用DSP编程实现该系统的软件设计,进行了基于无传感器矢量控制系统的仿真研究及实验波形分析。结果表明：无传感器矢量控制方案具有很好的动态特性,能够稳定运行,满足驱动系统的要求。