“U+I”型采煤工作面瓦斯抽采与浮煤自燃耦合研究

为了研究“U+I”型工作面进风量和顶板巷抽采负压对工作面瓦斯浓度与采空区氧化带宽度的影响,协调瓦斯抽采和浮煤自燃之间的关系。以2306综放面为工程背景,基于“U”型冒落岩层孔隙率分布公式和流体通用控制方程建立采空区数值模拟解算模型。采用CFD软件对不同进风量、不同抽采负压下的工作面瓦斯浓度和采空区氧化带宽度进行模拟,结果表明:随着工作面风量的增加,工作面和顶板巷瓦斯浓度减小,但工作面处浓度减幅逐渐变小而顶板巷浓度减幅几乎不变;提高顶板巷抽采负压,对减少工作面瓦斯浓度效果明显,顶板巷自身瓦斯浓度先增加再减小,采空区进风侧氧化带宽度变窄,回风侧和采空区中部氧化带宽度增加,总体上增加了采空区浮煤自燃的危险性但影响程度有限。     

基于爆破损伤的强制放顶爆破参数设计与应用

通过总结综采工作面坚硬顶板深孔爆破强制放顶成功案例,得出以爆破裂隙区半径为强制放顶爆破参数设计的不合理性,提出以爆破损伤范围为依据进行爆破参数计算。研究以国投新集二矿210108工作面为依托,通过爆破振动监测,回归得到综采面深孔爆破振动速度传播衰减规律,由此导出炮孔周围岩体内的质点振动峰值速度衰减规律。计算结果表明,炮孔直径75mm、装药直径63mm的深孔爆破可以在周围岩体中形成半径为7.631m重度损伤区,解释了炮孔间距大于10m仍能有着良好爆破效果的原因;设计最大孔底间距15.2m的爆破参数,并成功进行了现场应用,验证了计算方法的可靠性,为类似工程爆破参数设计提供了一个新方法。     

Simulation of thermodynamic transmission in green roof ecosystem

Green roofs entail the creation of vegetated space on the top of artificial structures. They can modify the thermal properties of buildings to bring cooling energy conservation and improve human comfort. This study evaluates the thermodynamic transmission in the green roof ecosystem under different vegetation treatments. Our model simulation is based on the traditional Bowen ratio energy balance model (BREBM) and a proposed solar radiation shield effectiveness model (SEM). The BREBM investigates energy absorption of different components of radiation, and the SEM evaluates the radiation shield effects. The proposed model is tested and validated to be efficient to simulate solar energy transmission in green roofs, with some major findings. Firstly, the solar radiation transmission processes might be considered as free vibration motion. Daytime positive heat storage of the green roof is 350-520 W·m⁻² on an hourly basis. Nighttime or afternoon negative value registers a rather constant magnitude of −60 W·m⁻². Daily net average is positive around 155-210 W·m⁻². Secondly, solar radiation vibration is highly correlated with plant structure. The canopy reflectance and transmittance are strongly correlated (R² = 0.87). The multi-layer shrub treatment has the highest shield effectiveness (0.34), followed by two-layer groundcover (0.27), and single-layer grass (0.16). Green roof vegetation absorbs and stores large amounts of heat to form an effective thermal buffer against daily temperature fluctuation. Vegetated roofs drastically depress air temperature in comparison with bare ground (control treatment). Finally, the thermodynamic model is relatively simple and efficient for investigating thermodynamic transmission in green roof ecosystem, and it could be developed into a broad solar radiant land cover model.     

基于FLAC3D的分层开采再生顶板裂隙控制效果分析

为了解决顶板裂隙漏风诱发的顶煤甚至采空区遗煤自燃问题,基于州景煤矿再生顶板现场实况,应用FLAC3D软件对比研究有无灌注纳米浆泡材料处理的再生顶板应力、位移以及孔隙率变化.结果表明:在不采取任何控制措施的情况下,巷道顶板位移大,极有可能会发生顶板垮塌事故且应力在两帮集中,两帮位移大,巷道断面收缩率极大;若使用纳米浆泡材...     

湘钢烧结厂白灰矿槽通风除尘系统的改造设计

针对压缩空气输送白灰进入矿槽的空气动力学特点 ,用压力损失的预定值和脉冲间隔时间计算方法选择配带通风机的仓顶式布袋除尘器 ,既除尘又达到了卸压目的     

黔城推覆体群的形态、结构和运动学特征

在华南中、新生代红盆中存在一系列由元古宇 -古生界地层组成的地质体 ,突起于红盆之中。许多学者对其成因进行了研究 ,得出了不同的结论。笔者对沅麻盆地南段主体由板溪群、震旦系组成的黔城推覆体群进行了研究 ,认为其成因与印支期以来川、黔、湘地区存在的、由南东向北西推覆的区域性构造事件有关 ,其形态、结构与国内外许多典型的推覆结构有相似之处。该推覆体由数条撕裂断层分为几个叠瓦体 ,各有不同的形态、结构特征。本文用被动顶板双重构造模式来解释该推覆体群的运动学模式 ,并据该区的地质特征对经典的被动顶板双重构造模式进行了补充。     

分析浮顶罐低液位控制对于蒸发损耗的影响

目前外浮顶及内浮顶罐在石油化工行业已被广泛地使用，其有效地控制了罐内储存油品的蒸发损耗．从而减少了对环境的污染。从减少蒸发损耗的角度出发，阐述了控制罐内低液位使得浮盘处于悬浮状态的重要性。     

屋顶电除尘器湿式清灰探讨

根据屋顶电除尘器二次烟尘的特点，针对其清灰不彻底的问题，通过工程实践经验，设计了一种可动喷水清灰装置，在实践中应用良好，值得借鉴     

石化企业固定顶储罐挥发性有机物排放量影响因素的分析

采用美国国家环保局推荐的储罐挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放量定量计算方法,以北京某石化企业轻柴油固定顶储罐为案例对象,计算了固定顶储罐的总损失。通过对不同参数进行调节,比较分析了各变量对损失量的影响程度,得出了影响固定顶储罐静置储藏损失和工作损失的关键参数和次要参数。并在此基础上,提出了降低固定顶储罐VOCs排放量的对应措施。实验结果表明:影响固定顶储罐静置储藏损失的关键参数为油品蒸气相对分子质量、日平均液体表面温度和液体存储高度,次要参数为日环境温差和罐漆太阳能吸收率;影响工作损失的关键参数为油品蒸气相对分子质量、日平均液体表面温度和年净周转量。     

Evaluating the impact of green roof evapotranspiration on annual building energy performance

The performance of the building envelope predominantly determines the ultimate energy performance throughout the lifecycle of a building. A sustainable alternative to enhance roof performance while limiting heat flux through a roof is integrating passive techniques such as green roof. Particularly, green roof performance is sensitive to local climate. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the evapotranspiration effect of an extensive green roof on annual energy consumption of an office building in relation to the humid continental climate of Republic of Korea. The dynamic behavior of green roof and building energy performance were investigated through a parametric simulation method using green roof module in EnergyPlus coupled with jEPlus. Structural data of the reference building and ASHARE 90.1-2007 operational schedules were used as inputs for baseline building model while inputs for the green roof module were based on experimental data sets. Due to the influence of the humid conditions and local wind current on the evapotranspiration process, it was generally found that high leaf area index (LAI) reduced cooling energy demand and somewhat reduced heating energy demand as well; corresponding to the highest daily evapotranspiration fluxes of 4.79 mm day^?1 in summer and 1.80 mm day^?1 in winter. Increasing LAI from 20% to 100% cover increased evapotranspiration flux by 10.4% in summer and 80.2% in winter. Thus to minimize energy losses in winter, foliage cover must be carefully considered. Within limitations specified, the overall annual building energy consumption deceased by 90.9 GJ (3.7%).